# Continental TSIO-360-E

- Type: Engine model (FAA registry)
- Registry code: 17287
- Manufacturer (registry): CONT MOTOR
- Model: TSIO-360-E
- Engine type: Reciprocating
- Power: 200 hp
- Data sheet: [TCDS E9CE](https://openairdocs.org/tcds/E9CE) (OpenAirDocs)
- Holder: Continental Aerospace Technologies, Inc.
- Installed in: 6 registered aircraft
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-tsio-360-e

Model codes come from the FAA registry's reference file.

## ADs that may apply (OpenAirDocs)

Matched to this engine model by model name and maker. Each AD's applicability may narrow it by serial number, part number or equipment.

- [AD 2023-17-04](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2023-17-04): Reciprocating Engine Oil System · F & M Enterprises' Model C6LC, C6LC-S or C6LC-L oil filter… (Stratus Tool Technologies STC SE09356SC or 2 others). Effective Oct 26, 2023
- [AD 2023-09-09](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2023-09-09): Exhaust Turbine System (Recip) · Aerostar PA-60-600 (Aerostar 600), PA-60-601 (Aerostar 601), PA-60-601P (Aerostar 601P) and 292 more. Effective Jul 17, 2023
- [AD 2023-05-16](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2023-05-16): Reciprocating Engine Power Section · Continental Aerospace Technologies GTSIO-520-C, GTSIO-520-D, GTSIO-520-H and 147 more. Effective Mar 15, 2023
- [AD 2012-03-06](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2012-03-06): Fuel servo diaphragm · Continental Motors 6-260-A, 6-285-A, 6-285-B and 482 more. Effective Feb 24, 2012
- [AD 2011-26-07](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2011-26-07): Engine · Continental Motors C-125-1, C-125-2, C145-2 and 48 more. Effective Jan 24, 2012
- [AD 2010-11-04](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2010-11-04): Hydraulic lifters · Continental Motors FSO-470-A, GIO-470-A, GTSIO-520-C and 190 more. Effective Jun 16, 2010
- [AD 2010-07-08](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2010-07-08): Turbochargers · Kelly Aerospace Energy Systems HIO-360-E1AD, HIO-360-E1BD, HIO-360-F1AD and 137 more. Effective Apr 19, 2010
- [AD 2000-23-21](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2000-23-21): Crankshaft · Continental Motors IO-360-A, IO-360-AB, IO-360-B and 164 more. Effective Dec 12, 2000
- [AD 98-19-02](https://openairdocs.org/ad/98-19-02): Piston Pins · Continental Motors IO-360-A, IO-360-AB, IO-360-C and 31 more. Effective Nov 9, 1998
- [AD 97-26-17](https://openairdocs.org/ad/97-26-17): Crankshaft · Continental Motors IO-360-A, IO-360-AB, IO-360-B and 90 more. Effective Jan 23, 1998
- [AD 95-21-15](https://openairdocs.org/ad/95-21-15): Aviation Gasoline · Continental Motors A-65-8, C85-12F, C85-12FJ and 77 more. Effective Nov 28, 1995
- [AD 95-08-10](https://openairdocs.org/ad/95-08-10): Oil Outlet Check Valve · Continental Motors LTSIO-360-E, LTSIO-360-EB, LTSIO-360-KB and 9 more. Effective Jul 10, 1995
- [AD 93-10-02](https://openairdocs.org/ad/93-10-02): Missing Cylinder Valve Retainer Key · Continental Motors GTSIO-520-C, GTSIO-520-D, GTSIO-520-E and 180 more. Effective Aug 12, 1993
- [AD 92-04-09](https://openairdocs.org/ad/92-04-09): Rocker Shaft Hold Down Stud · Continental Motors IO-360-A, IO-360-AB, IO-360-B and 41 more. Effective Jun 22, 1993
- [AD 91-19-03](https://openairdocs.org/ad/91-19-03): Oil Filter · Continental Motors 6-285-A, 6-285-B, 6-285-BA and 169 more. Effective Sep 29, 1991
- [AD 88-03-06](https://openairdocs.org/ad/88-03-06): Oil Filter · Continental Motors GTSIO-520-C, GTSIO-520-D, GTSIO-520-E and 155 more. Effective Apr 15, 1988
- [AD 81-13-10 R1](https://openairdocs.org/ad/81-13-10-R1): Oil Pressure · Continental Motors IO-360-A, IO-360-AB, IO-360-C and 28 more. Effective Nov 20, 1981
- [AD 81-16-05](https://openairdocs.org/ad/81-16-05): Magnetos · Lycoming Engines AEIO-320-E1B, AEIO-320-E2B, AEIO-360-B1G6 and 234 more. Effective Aug 6, 1981

Historical (superseded or no longer in force):

- [AD 2023-04-08](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2023-04-08) (historical): Reciprocating Engine Power Section · Continental Aerospace Technologies GTSIO-520-C, GTSIO-520-D, GTSIO-520-H and 141 more. Effective Feb 23, 2023
- [AD 2022-04-04](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2022-04-04) (historical): Reciprocating Engine Oil System · F & M Enterprises' Model C6LC, C6LC-S or C6LC-L oil filter… (Stratus Tool Technologies STC SE09356SC or 2 others). Effective Mar 29, 2022
- [AD 2009-24-52](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2009-24-52) (historical): Hydraulic lifters · Continental Motors FSO-470-A, GIO-470-A, GTSIO-520-C and 192 more
- [AD 2009-24-51](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2009-24-51) (historical): Hydraulic lifters · Teledyne Continental Motors FSO-470-A, GIO-470-A, GTSIO-520-C and 156 more
- [AD 2002-13-04](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2002-13-04) (historical): Magneto impulse coupling stop pin · Teledyne Continental Motors C-125-1, C-125-2, C145-2 and 48 more. Effective Jul 12, 2002
- [AD 2000-08-51](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2000-08-51) (historical): Crankshaft · Teledyne Continental Motors IO-360-A, IO-360-AB, IO-360-B and 158 more
- [AD 94-14-12](https://openairdocs.org/ad/94-14-12) (historical): Octane Aviation Gasoline · Teledyne Continental Motors A-65-8, C85-12, E185-11 and 68 more

## Information bulletins (advisory) (5)

- [SAIB NE-16-13](https://openairdocs.org/saib/NE-16-13): Powerplant - Prohibited use of sealant. Issued Mar 8, 2016
- [SAIB NE-13-15](https://openairdocs.org/saib/NE-13-15): Engine Controls: Continental Motors, Inc. (CMI) Throttle and Mixture Control Levers. Issued Feb 8, 2013
- [SAIB NE-13-04](https://openairdocs.org/saib/NE-13-04): Continental Motors, Inc. (CMI) Connecting Rod Piston Pin Bushing Inspection. Issued Oct 31, 2012
- [SAIB NE-10-09](https://openairdocs.org/saib/NE-10-09): Reciprocating Engine Power Section: Hydraulic Valve Lifters. Issued Nov 20, 2009
- [SAIB NE-09-04](https://openairdocs.org/saib/NE-09-04): Fuel Control/Reciprocating Engines. Issued Jan 10, 2009

## Registered aircraft (6)

- [N267JS](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N267JS): [Delaware Aircraft Trust LLC Trustee](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/DELAWARE%20AIRCRAFT%20TRUST%20LLC%20TRUSTEE), [New Castle, DE](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/DE/New%20Castle), built 1976, S/N 347670332
- [N295BP](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N295BP): [Qualitair LLC Trustee](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/QUALITAIR%20LLC%20TRUSTEE), Michelstadt, built 1975, S/N 347570249
- [N3561X](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N3561X): [Aereotronics Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/AEREOTRONICS%20INC), [Wilmington, DE](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/DE/Wilmington), built 1980, S/N 34-8070073
- [N5406D](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N5406D): [Reardon Matthew J](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/REARDON%20MATTHEW%20J), [Henderson, NV](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/NV/Henderson), built 1975, S/N 347570142
- [N928X](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N928X): [Avant Homes LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/AVANT%20HOMES%20LLC), [Atlanta, GA](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/GA/Atlanta), built 1974, S/N 347570066
- [N9450C](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N9450C): [Stadler Kristopher D](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/STADLER%20KRISTOPHER%20D), [Makawao, HI](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/HI/Makawao), S/N 34-7870188

## NTSB investigations (1)

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

- [NTSB LAX08CA157](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX08CA157), May 10, 2008: Piper PA-34 (N103JH), Blythe, CA, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain directional control.

## FAA accident and incident reports (7)

From the FAA Accident/Incident Data System. Reports are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

- [Incident 20130620012949I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20130620012949I), Jun 20, 2013: Piper PA-34-200T (N9450C), Honolulu, HI, No damage. On June 21, 2013 at approximately 0930 HST, N9450C was in enroute from hnl to lih at an altitude of 8500?MSL and about 10 miles west of kiaena point, the pilot…
- [Accident 20080510837929A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20080510837929A), May 10, 2008: Piper PA34200T (N103JH), Blytheville, AR, Substantial damage. (-23) The aircraft gear collapsed after pilot lost control of aircraft on landing. The aircraft landed long: touched down on the FAR left hand side of the…
- [Incident 20030319011589I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20030319011589I), Mar 19, 2003: Piper PA34200T (N9450C), Houston, TX, Minor damage. (-23) On March 19, 2003 at 06:55 local time, Mr. Dennis f. bonner, certificate number 2736223, the pilot in command of N9450C, a PA-34-200T, attempted a…
- [Incident 19930803036029I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19930803036029I), Aug 3, 1993: Piper PA34200T (N103JH), Wendover, UT, Minor damage. Pilot struck a hole in taxiway while taxiing for departure. Nose gear collapsed.
- [Incident 19910129004279I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19910129004279I), Jan 29, 1991: Piper PA34200T (N103JH), Boise, ID, Minor damage. Nose baggage compartment latch failed on takeoff roll. Cargo struck propeller and door.
- [Incident 19870118015009I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19870118015009I), Jan 18, 1987: Piper PA34200T (N103JH), Green Bay, WI, Minor damage. The nose gear could not be extended for landing. Found attach bolt on centering spring was installed backward.
- [Incident 19810702089159I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19810702089159I), Jul 2, 1981: Piper PA34200T (N103JH), Terre Haute, IN, Minor damage. Right main gear failed on landing. Trunion pn 6792605 cracked, separated wheel and strut assembly.

## Service difficulty reports (37)

As reported by operators and repair stations, by the model named in the report.

- [SDR CA131121009](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CA131121009), Nov 13, 2013: SHIMMY DAMPENER. BROKEN. (CAN) DURING A WALK AROUND, THE STUDENT PILOT NOTED THE SHIMMY DAMPENER AT AN AWKWARD ANGLE. THE SHAFT WAS BROKEN NEXT TO THE ROD END. NO OTHER VISIBLE DAMAGE W
- [SDR 2012FA0000230](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2012FA0000230), Apr 20, 2012: LINK ASSY. BROKEN. ON LANDING, LINK ASSY ON MAIN GEAR TRUSS ASSY BROKE AT STRUT ATTACHMENT AREA, CAUSING ACFT TO VEER OFF RUNWAY.
- [SDR APC2010F00000](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/APC2010F00000), Mar 12, 2010: BOLT. BROKEN. ON PREFLIGHT, THE PILOT FOUND THE STABILATOR TO BE EXTREMELY LOOSE AND NOTIFIED MX. WHEN REMOVED TAIL CONE FOUND A BROKEN BOLT ON THE RT THAT HAD BACKED OUT. IM
- [SDR 2007FA0000547](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2007FA0000547), Jun 20, 2007: PULLEY BRACKET. CHAFED. ROLL SPOILER CABLE PN:S3779-4P233.7M WAS ROUTED INCORRECTLY OVER LOW FRICTION PULLEY P/N:S3504-4.5 (THROUGH A TOOLING HOLE) IN PULLEY BRACKET P/N:6960236-17. TH
- [SDR NOB2007F00000](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/NOB2007F00000), Mar 9, 2007: SPRING. OBSTRUCTED. NLG WOULD NOT EXTEND WHILE ON APPROACH. AC RETURNED & THROUGH G-LOAD MANUEVERS, MANAGED TO GET NLG TO EXTEND PRIOR TO LANDING. PROBLEM WAS DETERMINED TO BE INTE
- [SDR CA060502008](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CA060502008), Apr 27, 2006: BATTERY. LEAKING. (CAN) ELT BATTERIES LEAKED. (TC NR 20060502008)
- [SDR AU510002146](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AU510002146), Dec 12, 2005: HINGE. CORRODED. RUDDER HINGE BRACKET CORRODED.
- [SDR 2005FA0000108](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2005FA0000108), Jan 30, 2005: SHAFT. OUT OF ROUND. UPON INSTALLING A SHAFT INTO A ROCKER WITH INADEQUATE TOLERANCE LIMITS, NOTED BINDING IN THREE CLOCK POSITIONS. WITH PRUSSION BLUE, FOUND THAT THE SHAFT IS FORM
- [SDR 2005FA0000484](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2005FA0000484), Jan 30, 2005: SHAFT. OUT OF ROUND. UPON INSTALLING A SHAFT INTO A ROCKER WITH INADEQUATE TOLERANCE LIMITS, NOTED BINDING IN 3 O`CLOCK POSITIONS. WITH PRUSSION BLUE FOUND SHAFT IS FORMED IN ELIPTI
- [SDR CA040901001](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CA040901001), Aug 18, 2004: TUBE. OUT OF TOLERANCE. (CAN) TUBE PURCHASED NEW. INSTALLED NEW. TEE SHOOTING AT VARIOUS REPAIR STATIONS DISCOVER CIRCLIP GROOVE TOO SMALL TO ACCOMODATE FULL CLIP SEATING. (GROOVE UNDE
- [SDR AUS20040204](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AUS20040204), Feb 25, 2004: TUBE. WORN. (AUS) NOSE LANDING GEAR EXTENSION HYDRAULIC PIPE WORN THROUGH BY CONTACT WITH THE NLG BRAKE FLUID COVER ASSEMBLY. LOSS OF HYDRAULIC FLUID.
- [SDR CA030729020](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CA030729020), Jul 21, 2003: DOOR. CRACKED. (CAN) CRACKS ON THE MAIN LANDING GEAR DOOR FLANGE. BOTH LT AND RT DOOR. DOOR IS FIBERGLASS COMPOSITE STRUCTURE. MAIN LANDING GEAR DOOR LT PN 67090-10 MAIN LANDI
- [SDR AUS20030413](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AUS20030413), Apr 3, 2003: FITTING. FRACTURED. (AUS) LEFT ENGINE FUEL LINE FITTING FAILED. FUEL LEAK.
- [SDR AUS20030371](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AUS20030371), Feb 26, 2003: SPAR CAP. CORRODED. (AUS) RH STABILATOR LOWER SPAR CAP CORRODED.
- [SDR CA030107018](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CA030107018), Dec 24, 2002: LINE. CORRODED. (CAN) DURING A GROUND RUN FOR CALIBRATION OF AN UNRELATED SYSTEM THE ENGINEER NOTICED A STRONG FUEL SMELL IN THE CABIN. THE SOURCE WAS FOUND TO BE A CORRODED HE
- [SDR AUS20020713](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AUS20020713), Jun 18, 2002: CABLE. SEPARATED. (AUS) FORWARD LH STABILATOR TRIM CABLE DISCONNECTED FROM TRIM WHEEL.BALL END OF CABLE HAD COME OUT OF THE SOCKET ON THE SIDE OF THE WHEEL.
- [SDR AUS20011341](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AUS20011341), Dec 14, 2001: BOLT. BROKEN. (AUS) STABILISER ATTACHMENT FITTING BOLTS BENT (2OFF) AND BROKEN(2OFF). INVESTIGATION FOUND THAT THE BOLTS WERE THE INCORRECT TYPE. THE PART NUMBER OF THE INCOR
- [SDR AUS20011183](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AUS20011183), Nov 2, 2001: HOUSING. CRACKED. (AUS) LH AND RH ENGINE TURBOCHARGER TURBINE HOUSINGS CRACKED. FOUND DURING INSPECTION IAW AD/TURBO/1. LH ENGINE - CONTINENTAL TSIO-360-E - SERIAL NUMBER 307156 
- [SDR AU000624](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AU000624), Sep 1, 2000: STUD. WRONG PART. (AUS) BOTH PROPELLERS COULD NOT BE FITTED CORRECTLY DURING INSTALLATION TO RECENTLY OVERHAULED ENGINES. SUBSEQUENT INVESTIGATION FOUND THE ATTACHING STUDS WERE 
- [SDR 20000809SH004](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/20000809SH004), Aug 1, 2000: MAGNETO. FAILED. TEST RUN SHOWED MAGNETO TO BE DEAD. REMOVED AND DISASSEMBLED MAGNETO. FOUND WIPER TAB FOR DISTRIBUTOR GEAR TO BE SHEARED OFF OF GEAR. (X)
- [SDR AU000330](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AU000330), Jan 31, 2000: CRANKCASE. CRACKED. (AUS) CRANKCASE CRACKED IN NUMEROUS PLACES. CRANKCASE HAD BEENPREVIOUSLY WELD REPAIRED.
- [SDR AU991037](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AU991037), Aug 26, 1999: STALL WARNING. MALFUNCTIONED. (AUS) STALL WARNING SYSTEM FAULTY. SYSTEM WORKS PERFECTLY ON THE GROUND BUT FAILS TO OPERATE IN THE AIR. THE SYSTEM HAS BEEN THOROUGHLY CHECKED WITH NUMEROUS CO
- [SDR 2000ZZZX163](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2000ZZZX163), Aug 18, 1999: FUEL PUMP. BROKEN. AIRCRAFT WAS EN ROUTE FROM OWA TO HTO, CRUISE AT 4,500 MSL. EXPERIENCED ENGINE AND FUEL FLOW FLUCTUATIONS, THEN COMPLETE LOSS OF POWER. WAS CLOSE TO WST, SECURE
- [SDR AU990854](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AU990854), Aug 18, 1999: CO2 DETECTOR. FAULTY. (AUS) CARBON DIOXIDE DETECTOR FAULTY.
- [SDR AU990836](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AU990836), Aug 17, 1999: LINER. UNSERVICEABLE. (AUS) CABIN HEATER COMBUSTION LINER FAILED. FOUND DURING INSPECTION IAW AD/AIRCON/9 AMDT5.
- [SDR CA991231062](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CA991231062), Feb 22, 1999: COTTER PIN. BROKEN. (CAN) COTTER PIN FOUND IN OIL SCREEN AT 100HR INSP.
- [SDR CA991231063](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CA991231063), Feb 22, 1999: CRANKSHAFT. CRACKED. (CAN) TWO CRACKS FOUND BY NDI SHOP, CRANK REJECTED.
- [SDR AU980280](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AU980280), Feb 4, 1998: CRANKCASE. CRACKED. (AUS) ENGINE CRANKCASE RT HALF CRACKED IN NR 4 MAIN BEARING TUNNEL AND LT HALF CRACKED IN NR 2 AND NR 3 MAIN BEARING TUNNELS. CRANKSHAFT CRACKED ON NR 4 MAIN BE
- [SDR CA980302002](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CA980302002), Nov 20, 1997: CYLINDER. SEPARATED. (CAN) THE TOP OF THE CYLINDER CONTAINING THE VALVES AND THE ROCKER ARMS SEPARATED FROM THE CYLINDER.
- [SDR CA971016002](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CA971016002), Oct 8, 1997: PISTON RING. BROKEN. (CAN) DURING CYLINDER REMOVAL TO CORRECT AN OIL CONSUMPTION PROBLEM, IT WAS FOUND THAT PISTON RING (P/N 684042) WAS BROKEN. IT APPEARS THERE WAS A CASTING PROBL
- [SDR AU970799](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AU970799), Jun 20, 1997: CYLINDER. DISTORTED. (AUS) NO6 CYLINDER EXHAUST FLANGE DISTORTED - 2MM (0.078IN) GAP ON FORWARD SIDE - FURTHER INVESTIGATION FOUND NO2 AND NO4 CYLINDERS WITH APPROXIMATELY 1MM (0.03
- [SDR AU970915](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AU970915), May 20, 1997: BEARING. BINDIING. (AUS) LH ENGINE MIXTURE CONTROL ROD END BEARING AND CONTROL ARM BINDING ON FCU
- [SDR AU960808](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AU960808), May 28, 1996: EXHAUST VALVE. FAILED. (AUS) LH ENGINE NO5 CYLINDER EXHAUST VALVE FAILED - SUSPECT CAUSED BY EXCESSIVE LEANING OF ENGINE
- [SDR 96ZZZX938](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/96ZZZX938), Jan 30, 1996: LINE. BROKE. FUEL LINE FROM FLOW DIVIDER TO NR 6 NOZZLE BROKE AT B-NUT NOZZLE AND SPRAYED RAW FUEL ON ENGINE. ENGINE ROUGH, BUT NOT SHUT DOWN AND LANDED OK WITH NO FIRE. VER
- [SDR CA951218018](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CA951218018), Dec 11, 1995: FUEL PUMP. FAULTY. (CAN)DURING A TRAINING FLIGHT,AT 5,000 FEET,THE #2 ENGINE HAD A LOSS OF POWER & THE LOWERING OF PRESSURE ON THE FUEL FLOW INDICATOR.THE #2 ENGINE WAS SHUTDOWN &
- [SDR BIER950010](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/BIER950010), Apr 21, 1995: ADAPTER SHAFT. SHEARED. TACH INDICATED 0 RPM BUT ENGINE RAN NORM. FOUND TACH DRIVE ADAPTER SHEARED AT ATTACH NUT. REMOVED AND REPL WITH NEW.
- [SDR 96ZZZX4786](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/96ZZZX4786), Mar 13, 1995: CRANKCASE. CRACKED. DURING TROUBLESHOOTING TO DETERMINE ORIGIN OF AN OIL LEAK, FOUND CASE CRACKED ON BOTH VALVES AT NR 3 BEARING WEB. UPON TEAR DOWN, CASE HALVES WERE REJECTED DUE 

---
OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.
