# GE CFM56 series - Type: Engine model (FAA registry) - Registry code: 30016 - Manufacturer (registry): GE - Model: CFM56 SERIES - Engine type: Turbo-fan - Power: 9,800 lb thrust - Installed in: 28 registered aircraft - Page: https://openairdocs.org/engine/ge-cfm56-series The registry names only the engine series, so ADs for every model in the series are matched. ## ADs that may apply (OpenAirDocs) Matched to this engine model by model name and maker. Each AD's applicability may narrow it by serial number, part number or equipment. None matched. ## Registered aircraft (28) - [N138CG](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N138CG): [Csc Delaware Trust Co Trustee](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/CSC%20DELAWARE%20TRUST%20CO%20TRUSTEE), [Wilmington, DE](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/DE/Wilmington), built 1995, S/N 27928 - [N14242](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N14242): [United Airlines Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/UNITED%20AIRLINES%20INC), [Chicago, IL](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/IL/Chicago), built 1999, S/N 28805 - [N18243](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N18243): [United Airlines Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/UNITED%20AIRLINES%20INC), [Chicago, IL](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/IL/Chicago), built 1999, S/N 28806 - [N221WN](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N221WN): [Southwest Airlines Co](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/SOUTHWEST%20AIRLINES%20CO), [Dallas, TX](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/TX/Dallas), built 2005, S/N 34259 - [N222WN](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N222WN): [Southwest Airlines Co](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/SOUTHWEST%20AIRLINES%20CO), [Dallas, TX](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/TX/Dallas), built 2005, S/N 34290 - [N24702](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N24702): [United Airlines Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/UNITED%20AIRLINES%20INC), [Chicago, IL](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/IL/Chicago), built 1998, S/N 28763 - [N342NW](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N342NW): [Delta Air Lines Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/DELTA%20AIR%20LINES%20INC), [Atlanta, GA](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/GA/Atlanta), built 1992, S/N 381 - [N345NW](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N345NW): [Delta Air Lines Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/DELTA%20AIR%20LINES%20INC), [Atlanta, GA](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/GA/Atlanta), built 1993, S/N 399 - [N349NW](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N349NW): [Delta Air Lines Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/DELTA%20AIR%20LINES%20INC), [Atlanta, GA](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/GA/Atlanta), built 1993, S/N 417 - [N354SW](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N354SW): [Southwest Airlines Co](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/SOUTHWEST%20AIRLINES%20CO), [Dallas, TX](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/TX/Dallas), built 1991, S/N 25219 - [N384DA](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N384DA): [Delta Air Lines Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/DELTA%20AIR%20LINES%20INC), [Atlanta, GA](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/GA/Atlanta), built 1999, S/N 30347 - [N403YK](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N403YK): [Northern Air Cargo LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/NORTHERN%20AIR%20CARGO%20LLC), [Anchorage, AK](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/AK/Anchorage), built 1992, S/N 25842 - [N43PR](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N43PR): [Town And Country Food Markets Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/TOWN%20AND%20COUNTRY%20FOOD%20MARKETS%20INC), [Wichita, KS](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/KS/Wichita), built 1998, S/N 28581 - [N441US](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N441US): [City Of Brownsville Texas](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/CITY%20OF%20BROWNSVILLE%20TEXAS), [Brownsville, TX](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/TX/Brownsville), built 1990, S/N 24812 - [N444HE](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N444HE): [Csc Delaware Trust Co Trustee](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/CSC%20DELAWARE%20TRUST%20CO%20TRUSTEE), [Wilmington, DE](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/DE/Wilmington), built 1987, S/N 23800 - [N616NN](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N616NN): [American Airlines Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/AMERICAN%20AIRLINES%20INC), [Fort Worth, TX](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/TX/Fort%20Worth), built 2017, S/N 15426 - [N619NN](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N619NN): [American Airlines Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/AMERICAN%20AIRLINES%20INC), [Fort Worth, TX](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/TX/Fort%20Worth), built 2017, S/N 15434 - [N644SW](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N644SW): [Prima Air LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/PRIMA%20AIR%20LLC), [Pasadena, CA](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/CA/Pasadena), built 1997, S/N 28329 - [N703SW](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N703SW): [Southwest Airlines Co](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/SOUTHWEST%20AIRLINES%20CO), [Dallas, TX](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/TX/Dallas), built 1997, S/N 27837 - [N717UW](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N717UW): [Bank Of Utah Trustee](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/BANK%20OF%20UTAH%20TRUSTEE), [Salt Lake City, UT](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/UT/Salt%20Lake%20City), built 1999, S/N 1069 - [N721UW](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N721UW): [Bank Of Utah Trustee](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/BANK%20OF%20UTAH%20TRUSTEE), [Salt Lake City, UT](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/UT/Salt%20Lake%20City), built 1999, S/N 1095 - [N73276](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N73276): [United Airlines Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/UNITED%20AIRLINES%20INC), [Chicago, IL](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/IL/Chicago), built 2002, S/N 31594 - [N788DP](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N788DP): [Bank Of Utah Trustee](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/BANK%20OF%20UTAH%20TRUSTEE), [Salt Lake City, UT](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/UT/Salt%20Lake%20City), built 1999, S/N 29441 - [N802TJ](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N802TJ): [Eastern 737 Asset Holdings LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/EASTERN%20737%20ASSET%20HOLDINGS%20LLC), [Kansas City, MO](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/MO/Kansas%20City), built 1990, S/N 24874 - [N814VL](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N814VL): [Umb Bank Na Trustee](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/UMB%20BANK%20NA%20TRUSTEE), [Salt Lake City, UT](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/UT/Salt%20Lake%20City), built 2011, S/N 36886 - [N842SY](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N842SY): [Sun Country Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/SUN%20COUNTRY%20INC), [Minneapolis, MN](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/MN/Minneapolis), built 2012, S/N 37244 - [N889LS](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N889LS): [Las Vegas Sands Corp](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/LAS%20VEGAS%20SANDS%20CORP), [Las Vegas, NV](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/NV/Las%20Vegas), built 1999, S/N 29054 - [N959WN](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N959WN): [Southwest Airlines Co](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/SOUTHWEST%20AIRLINES%20CO), [Dallas, TX](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/TX/Dallas), built 2011, S/N 36674 ## NTSB investigations (14) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB DCA10WA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA10WA054), Apr 24, 2010: Boeing 737-300 (N444HE), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, incident, minor damage - [NTSB WPR10LA134](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10LA134), Feb 13, 2010: Boeing 737-7H4 (N221WN), Santa Clarita, CA, no damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s abrupt airplane pitch change maneuver. Contributing to the accident was the flight crew’s failure to maintain the heading specified by the air traffic controller, which would have avoided… - [NTSB DCA09FA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA09FA047), May 4, 2009: Airbus A320 (N311US), Denver, CO, substantial damage. Probable cause: The first officer’s excessive pitch-up of the airplane while landing with a tailwind, which resulted in a tailstrike following a bounced landing. Contributing to the bounced landing were a high… - [NTSB DEN08IA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN08IA022), Nov 2, 2007: Douglas DC-8-73F (N880UP), Wichita, KS, incident, minor damage. Probable cause: Failure of the recirculation fan motor end ball bearing. - [NTSB CHI07FA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI07FA020), Nov 7, 2006: Boeing 737-300 (N328UA), Chicago, IL, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot-in-command of the other airplane failed to maintain clearance with the parked airplane during taxi for takeoff. - [NTSB CHI06LA161](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI06LA161), Jun 8, 2006: Boeing 737-300 (N403TZ), New York, NY, substantial damage. Probable cause: The foreign object damage to the horizontal stabilizer during taxi as a result of improper airport maintenance by contract maintenance personnel. The aluminum plate was a factor. - [NTSB CHI04LA126](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA126), Apr 10, 2004: Boeing 737-300 (N662SW), St. Louis, MO, no damage. Probable cause: The inadvertent encounter with turbulence which resulted in the injury to the flight attendant. - [NTSB NYC03CA169](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC03CA169), Jul 22, 2003: Boeing 757-251 (N504US), Wadsworth, OH, no damage. Probable cause: An in-flight encounter with turbulence. - [NTSB MIA99FA252](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99FA252), Sep 12, 1999: Boeing B737-300 (N17356), West Palm Beach, FL, substantial damage. Probable cause: The fatigue fracture and separation of the high pressure turbine forward rotating air seal due to a manufacturing defect in a bolt hole that was not detected by the engine manufacturer due to… - [NTSB MIA98IA193](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98IA193), Jul 7, 1998: Boeing 737-7H4 (N701GS), Birmingham, AL, incident, minor damage. Probable cause: The improper electronic control unit software logic that permitted the electronic control unit to lock on a failed hydromechanical resolver, which failed due to damage to a wire that was incurred… - [NTSB CHI97LA162](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA162), Jun 8, 1997: Boeing 737-300 (N321UA), Valparaiso, IN, no damage. Probable cause: a delay by the pilot of the other aircraft in turning on his mode C transponder. - [NTSB LAX97FA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97FA164), Apr 19, 1997: Boeing 737-3S3 (N313AW), Las Vegas, NV, no damage. Probable cause: inadequate service provided by the TRACON controller, by issuing a radar vector to the Boeing 737 flight, which resulted in inadequate separation from a Beech 99 that the controller had just… - [NTSB NYC93IA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93IA017), Oct 12, 1992: Boeing 737-300 (N586US), Pittsburgh, PA, incident, no damage. Probable cause: THE HIGH CYCLE FATIGUE FAILURE OF BLADES ON THE STAGE 1 HIGH PRESSURE COMPRESSOR, WHICH RESULTED IN BLADE FRACTURE AND SUBSEQUENT INTERNAL ENGINE DAMAGE AND FIRE. - [NTSB NYC92LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC92LA018), Oct 23, 1991: Boeing 737-4B7 (N441US), Boston, MA, no damage. Probable cause: A LATCH FAILURE ON A DOOR IN THE AFT GALLEY WHICH ALLOWED A LIQUOR KIT TO ROLL FORWARD. ## FAA accident and incident reports (82, newest 50) From the FAA Accident/Incident Data System. Reports are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [Incident 20260515006029I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20260515006029I), May 15, 2026: Bombardier Inc CL-600-2D24 (N616NN), Kansas City, MO, Minor damage. While on final approach, flight crew was made aware of smoke in the cabin coupled with an electrical odor. They declared an emergency and landed safely. Once… - [Incident 20241204017449I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20241204017449I), Dec 4, 2024: Boeing 737-436 (N403YK), Hilo, HI, Minor damage. The aircraft suffered a bird strike from a large owl during the takeoff roll right after 80KTS on runway 08. The crew successfully aborted the takeoff and… - [Incident 20140423005309I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20140423005309I), Apr 23, 2014: Boeing 737-832 (N384DA), Jamaica, NY, Minor damage. Delta airlines flight 718, aircraft registration N384DA, a B737, landed at John f. Kennedy airport (jfk) on runway 31R. According to airport agency reports and… - [Accident 20140411006169A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20140411006169A), Apr 11, 2014: Boeing 737-7H4 (N760SW), Phoenix, AZ, Minor damage. On Friday 04/11/2014 at approximately 1508 hours, southwest flight 806, tail number N760SW, inbound from salt lake city Utah while pulling up to gate D4 at… - [Incident 20121211028289I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20121211028289I), Dec 11, 2012: Airbus Industrie A319-112 (N721UW), St Louis, MO, No damage. On December 11, 2012 usaa flight 1667 experienced what is thought to be clear air turbulence at or near FL 390. The aircraft continued to stl and landed… - [Incident 20120723016079I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20120723016079I), Jul 23, 2012: Boeing 737-3Y0 (N664WN), Minneapolis, MN, Minor damage. Bird strike on final approach to 30L. Dent on inboard leading edge, right wing. - [Incident 20120130001579I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20120130001579I), Jan 30, 2012: Boeing 737-7H4 (N222WN), Denver, CO, Minor damage. Captain [privacy data omitted] was in command of southwest airlines flight 792 from los angeles, CA to Denver co. on January 30, 2012. He was flying a Boeing… - [Incident 20101101049689I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20101101049689I), Nov 1, 2010: Boeing 737-4B7 (N443US), Norfolk, VA, Substantial damage. #2 Engine ingested bird on climb at 1000 feet. Aircraft returned to orf. The ARFF responded and the aircraft taxied to the gate. Damage was reported to the… - [Incident 20100806039449I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20100806039449I), Aug 6, 2010: Boeing 737-4B7 (N450UW), Philadelphia, PA, Minor damage. Phl tower reports:usairways flight 1651, a Boeing B737, returned to land on runway 27L.aircraft reported a blown tire on take-off rotation. PIC accomplished a… - [Incident 20100612035659I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20100612035659I), Jun 12, 2010: Boeing 737-3H4 (N636WN), Omaha, NE, No damage. Aircraft was in cruise flight at flight level 370 when "cabin altitude warning" horn sounded. Cabin was at 10,000 feet and was unable to restore cabin… - [Incident 20100313029899I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20100313029899I), Mar 13, 2010: Boeing 737-5H4 (N501SW), Omaha, NE, No damage. On 03/13/2010 at approximately 09:45 CST N501SW, a Boeing 737-5H4, operating as southwest airlines flight 2019 departed Eppley Airfield, Omaha, Nebraska with… - [Accident 20100213036019A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20100213036019A), Feb 13, 2010: Boeing 737-7H4 (N221WN), Santa Clartia, CA, No damage. Southwest airlines flight 2534 was on the lynxx 8 arrival to bur. ATC vectored the aircraft off the lynxx 8 arrival. ATC instructed the aircraft to turn left… - [Incident 20090707012009I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20090707012009I), Jul 7, 2009: Boeing 7373H4 (N329SW), Baltimore, MD, Minor damage. (-23) Flt 69 departed on runway #28 @ 1717 hrs and reported hitting a small flock of birds. The pilot requested to return to land tower worked aircraft back… - [Incident 20081205851849I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20081205851849I), Dec 5, 2008: Boeing 737490 (N703AS), Palm Springs, CA, No damage. (-23) Alaska 387 sfo to psp encountered a split flap indication. Emergency declared. Crew exercised manual extension per operational procedures. Aircraft… - [Incident 20081023852089I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20081023852089I), Oct 23, 2008: Boeing 737322 (N328UA), Pittsburgh, PA, Minor damage. (-23) On October 23, 2008, at approximately 11443 eastern time, N328UA, a Boeing 737-322, conducted under 14 CFR part 121, inbound to Pittsburgh International… - [Incident 20080925849899I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20080925849899I), Sep 25, 2008: Boeing 737322 (N332UA), Chicago, IL, Substantial damage. (-23) The investigation is on-going and conducted by the den cfmo (WP-30). Amended -23 01/06/2009, this incident involves an aircraft colliding with a lavatory… - [Incident 20080419837739I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20080419837739I), Apr 19, 2008: Boeing 737301 (N589US), Windsor Locks, CT, No damage. (-23) Us airways landed runway 6 and was instructed to taxi via runway 19, taxiway tango, cross runway 33 to the ramp. The last time the crew had been at… - [Incident 20080417014229I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20080417014229I), Apr 17, 2008: Boeing 737490 (N703AS), Seattle, WA, No damage. (-23) Asa flight 529, inbound to sea initially reported an unsafe gear indication while on approach. When extended, the nose gear indicated a red light and… - [Incident 20080127010539I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20080127010539I), Jan 27, 2008: Boeing 7373H4 (N353SW), Spokane, WA, No damage. (-23) Southwest airlines flight 485 landed on runway 3 at kgeg and was unable to negotiate the turn onto taxiway alpha and slid off the end of the runway… - [Incident 20071102824759I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20071102824759I), Nov 2, 2007: Doug DC873F (N880UP), Wichita, KS, No damage. (-23) On November 02, 2007 at 0626 local time, aircraft N880UP, flight #918, while enroute from louisville, Kentucky, (sdf) to ontario, California (ont) was… - [Incident 20070413005789I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20070413005789I), Apr 13, 2007: Boeing 737490 (N703AS), Juneau, AK. (-23) Acft in cruise over sitka (sit) FL310 experienced electrical failure, DC fail lights, master caution illuminated, avionics pwr failure, loss of… - [Incident 20061221027149I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20061221027149I), Dec 21, 2006: Boeing 7373Q8 (N662SW), Wichita, KS. (-23) On December 21, 2006, the flight crew for southwest airlines inc., operating as flight 1787, departing Oklahoma city, (okc) for houston, Texas, (iah),… - [Accident 20061107029449A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20061107029449A), Nov 7, 2006: Boeing 737322 (N328UA), Chicago, IL, Substantial damage. (-23) N328UA (ual flight #672) was given taxi directions to runway 32L, by Chicago ATC, for departure via bravo south ramp line, a, A6, j, J1, t to T10… - [Accident 20060608028149A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20060608028149A), Jun 8, 2006: Boeing 737322 (N403TZ), New York, NY, Substantial damage. (-23) Work was being accomplished on the taxiway the night before the incident. Work area was covered with a lightweight metal plate during the daytime airport… - [Incident 20060331005289I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20060331005289I), Mar 31, 2006: Boeing 7377AV (N889NC), Miami, FL, Substantial damage. (-23) The aircraft was being repositioned by the flight crew to the signature ramp for refueling. Taxiing east from customs to signature, a left turn (north)… - [Incident 20060322004329I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20060322004329I), Mar 22, 2006: Airbus A319112 (N721UW), Boston, MA, Minor damage. (-23) Us airways inc., flight #944, philadelphia pa to Boston ma was disembarking passengers at Boston's us airways gate B-6 when the jet bridge collapsed… - [Incident 20060313006849I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20060313006849I), Mar 13, 2006: Boeing 737322 (N331UA), Wichita, KS. (-23) Crew reports unsafe gear indication. Used alternative method to extend gear after tower fly by. Aircraft landed without incident or damage. Gear was… - [Incident 20051109028119I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20051109028119I), Nov 9, 2005: Boeing 7373H4 (N353SW), Nashville, TN, Minor damage. (-23) Upon landing bna the aircraft sustained a bird strike on the right horizontal stabilizer. - [Incident 20041031031979I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20041031031979I), Oct 31, 2004: Boeing 7377H4 (N760SW), Cleveland, OH. (-23) Passenger [privacy data omitted] smoked cigarette in aircraft lavatory while in flight while "no smoking" sign illuminated and after "no smoking"… - [Incident 20041013027419I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20041013027419I), Oct 13, 2004: Boeing 7375H4 (N501SW), Phoenix, AZ, Minor damage. (-23) Aircraft was stopped on taxiway echo in line for takeoff. An American airlines baggage cart broke away from tug and traveled approximately 100 feet and… - [Incident 20040826020579I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20040826020579I), Aug 26, 2004: Boeing 7373H4 (N332SW), Kansas City, MO. (-23) Pilot reported: at 35,000' cabin reached 10,000' with cabin warning horn on. Engine bleeds were on and packs auto. No auto switched over to man ac & DC… - [Incident 20040508013549I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20040508013549I), May 8, 2004: Airbus A320212 (N342NW), Albuquerque, NM. (-23) The flight attendant crew was notified by the flight deck to be seated due to code 6 turbulence during the service. The flight attendants and all… - [Accident 20040410030069A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20040410030069A), Apr 10, 2004: Boeing 7373Q8 (N662SW), St Louis, MO. (-23) On April 10, 2004, at approx. 1835 CDT, southwest 2038, a Boeing 737 (N662SW), encountered turbulence while enroute to the st. Louis international… - [Incident 20031214033969I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20031214033969I), Dec 14, 2003: Boeing 7373B7 (N518AU), Indianapolis, IN. (-23) Usair flight 524, B-737, enroute from Indianapolis, IN to charlotte, NC declared an emergency at FL290, 40 miles north-northwest of louisville at 1737Z,… - [Accident 20030722019949A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20030722019949A), Jul 22, 2003: Boeing 757251 (N504US), Cleveland, OH. (-23) On July 22, 2003 nwa flt 1142 was climbing through FL290, hit unexpected and unreported code 4 clear air turbulence for approx. 30 seconds. Lead f/a… - [Incident 20020702027359I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20020702027359I), Jul 2, 2002: Boeing 7373S3 (N312AW), Omaha, NE. (-23) Male passenger admitted to smoking in the aft lavatory during a flight from phoenix, Arizona to Omaha, Nebraska. - [Incident 20020617019159I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20020617019159I), Jun 17, 2002: Boeing 737301 (N585US), Syracuse, NY. (-23) On Monday, June 17, 2002, after takeoff from runway 28 at Syracuse Hancock International Airport, the nose gear would not retract on N585US, a Boeing… - [Incident 20020531012959I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20020531012959I), May 31, 2002: Boeing 7373Q8 (N695SW), Nashville, TN, Minor damage. (-23) During takeoff from bna the aircraft struck a bird. The PIC declared an emergency. The aircraft returned to bna where it landed without incident. Two… - [Incident 20020302005869I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20020302005869I), Mar 2, 2002: Boeing 7373H4 (N332SW), El Paso, TX. (-23) On 01/03/02, while departing the gate in El Paso for departure, a passenger became loud and started making other passengers uncomfortable. The aircraft… - [Incident 20011227036039I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20011227036039I), Dec 27, 2001: Doug DC873F (N880UP), Minneapolis, MN. (-23) UPS556 reported #4 engine thrust reverser opened in flight. Aircraft landed without incident at 1029Z at the msp airport. - [Incident 20010531015299I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20010531015299I), May 31, 2001: Boeing 737301 (N585US), Tampa, FL, Minor damage. (-23) On may 31, 2001 a B-737-301, N585US operated by us airways airlines, on departure from Tampa International Airport, Florida, (tpa) report "a" hydraulic… - [Incident 20010210002709I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20010210002709I), Feb 10, 2001: Boeing 737301 (N585US), Buffalo, NY. (-23) On Saturday, February 10, 2001 at 2009 EST, a usairways B-737, N585US, flight 638, landed on runway 23 at the Buffalo niagra international airport after… - [Incident 20001210026599I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20001210026599I), Dec 10, 2000: Boeing 7373H4 (N645SW), Kansas City, MO. (-23) On December 10, 2000, at approx. 2335 CDT, southwest airlines flight 738, a Boeing 737, N645SW, left the gate at Kansas City International Airport (mci).… - [Incident 20001203022489I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20001203022489I), Dec 3, 2000: Boeing 737300 (N354SW), Manchester, NH. (-23) Pilot reported at 7000 to 8000 feet pressure controller failed in the auto mode inbound to Manchester, NH and the a/c had lost pressurization. Pilot made… - [Incident 20000227020909I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20000227020909I), Feb 27, 2000: Boeing 7373Y0 (N665WN), Los Angeles, CA, Minor damage. (-23) On feb 27, 2000, at approximately 1330 PST, swa flight 343 while taxiing to gate 5 made contact with a service vehicle damaging the #1 slat on the left… - [Incident 19990915027179I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19990915027179I), Sep 15, 1999: Doug DC873F (N810UP), Ontario, CA. (-23) Ups 2920, DC-8, flew from albuquerque, NM, to Ontario, CA, delcared an emergency prior to landing Ontario International Airport due to hydraulic failure.… - [Accident 19990912041969A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19990912041969A), Sep 12, 1999: Boeing 7373T0 (N17356), West Palm Beach, FL, Substantial damage. (-23) #1 Engine sustained an un-contained failure due to 7th stage turbine disk air seal (high pressure) that is attached to 7th stage disk. Shaft sheared and… - [Incident 19990507015199I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19990507015199I), May 7, 1999: Boeing 737322 (N330UA), Lincoln, NE, Minor damage. On Friday, may 5, 1999, N330UA, a b 737-322, operated as united 309, ingested multiple birds into the number one engine at rotation on runway 32, Lincoln NE.… - [Incident 19990308020769I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19990308020769I), Mar 8, 1999: Boeing 737524 (N16649), Indianapolis, IN, Minor damage. On 3/7/99 a service truck ran into the left wing tip, rendering the aircraft in an unairworthy condition. - [Incident 19990203017789I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19990203017789I), Feb 3, 1999: Boeing 737353 (N313AW), Albuquerque, NM. Awxa F750103 feb diverted to abq. Pilot in pax compartment saw evidence of fuel leak from wing(right). Inspection on abq, ramp revealed numerous fuel leaks… All 82: https://openairdocs.org/engine/ge-cfm56-series/incidents.md ## Service difficulty reports (5,028, newest 50) As reported by operators and repair stations, by the model named in the report. - [SDR CALA2024072200263](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CALA2024072200263), Jul 17, 2024: BLEED AIR SYS. LEAKING. BLEED TRIP OFF LIGHT COMES ON DURING CLIMB LIGHT NO. 1 LEFT BLEED TRIP OFF IN CLIMB APPROX 8000FTFLAGGED AS SDR REPLACED PRSOV REG REF 36-11-01-400-801. NO HELP - [SDR 2023F00278](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2023F00278), Sep 18, 2023: CONTROL VALVE. FALSE INDICATION. CONFIGURATION: PARKING BRAKES OFF/BRAKES WERE OFF. PERFORMED T/S 32-45-00-810-054-E. R/R PARKING BRAKE ELECTRICAL VALVE AS PER AMM 32-45-53. DURING OPS CHECK, P - [SDR 2022F00327](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2022F00327), Sep 2, 2022: THRUST REVERSER. DAMAGED. DAMAGE DISCOVERED TO THE #1 ENGINE RIGHT SIDE THRUST REVERSER TRANSLATING SLEEVE. 2 HORIZONTAL GOUGES 7 INCHES LONG, 1/4 DEEP INTO COMPOSITE SKIN APPROXIMATELY - [SDR 4TXA2022090100020](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/4TXA2022090100020), Sep 1, 2022: THRUST REVERSER. DAMAGED. FOD DAMAGE FOUND TO THE #1 ENGINE RH SIDE THRUST REVERSER TRANSLATING SLEEVE AT TWO POINTS BETWEEN NAC 230-240 WL 71-72. A MAJOR REPAIR WILL BE ACCOMPLISHED TO - [SDR ASAA2021112236697](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASAA2021112236697), Nov 22, 2021: BATTERY PACK. INOPERATIVE. EMERGENCY LIGHTS COMMON TO POWER SUPPLY M1670, M1671, AND M1672 FAILED OPERATIONAL TEST. GROUNDED - YES. REPLACED ALL 3 BATTERIES & M1670 &M1671 CHARGERS,OPS CH - [SDR ASAA2021012134018](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASAA2021012134018), Jan 21, 2021: FRAME. CRACKED. UPPER FUSELAGE FRAME CRACKED AT STA 440 & STR 8 LT. GROUNDED - YES. REPAIRED FRAME IAW ASA TC AD20090102-700-25-1L. - [SDR ASAA2021012134019](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASAA2021012134019), Jan 21, 2021: FRAME. CRACKED. UPPER FUSELAGE FRAME CRACKED AT STA 480 & STR 8 LT. GROUNDED - YES. REPAIRED FRAME IAW ASA TC AD20090102-700-25-1L. - [SDR QEMY2020032500000](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/QEMY2020032500000), Mar 12, 2020: SPOOL. DAMAGED. OPERATOR TUI - CFM56-7B – ESN 802161 - AT THE GE WALES ENGINE SHOP. THE HPC 4-9 SPOOL HAS BEEN CONTRACTED OUT FOR WORK, THE CONTRACTOR HAS HIGHLIGHTED THAT THE - [SDR 2020F00285](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2020F00285), Jan 28, 2020: ENGINE. VIBRATION. 360FL, .78MACH, AC STARTED SHAKING NOTICEABLE, AT OFF, SPARKS FROM ENGINE #1. N1 45% EGT SLIGHTLY HIGH. PAX SAW FLAMES FROM ENG. ENG SHUT DOWN WITHIN 2 MIN. SIN - [SDR SWAA2019110838680](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2019110838680), Nov 6, 2019: ENGINE. POWER LOSS. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION, AIR TURNBACK/INFLIGHT SHUTDOWN/DECLARED EMERGENCY. AT V1 THE NR 1 ENGINE MADE A LOUD NOISE AND ROLLED BACK BUT DID NOT SHUT DOWN. ALTH - [SDR ASAA2019103131200](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASAA2019103131200), Oct 31, 2019: WARNING SYSTEM. FALSE ACTIVATION. ON CLIMBOUT ECAM SHOWED AIR ENG 1 BLEED FAULT GROUNDED - YES. PERFORMED BITE OF BMC1 REF AMM 36-11-00-740-001-A , TEST OK. NO FAULT CURRENTLY , NO HISTORY 30 DA - [SDR ASAA2019103031193](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASAA2019103031193), Oct 30, 2019: WARNING SYSTEM. FALSE ACTIVATION. ON AFTER START RECALL, RH PACK LIGHT ILLUMINATED, CLEARED WHEN MASTER CAUTION RESET. GROUNDED - YES. NO LOGGED FAULTS - BITE TESTS GOOD. FLT CREW PLACARD REMOVE - [SDR ASAA2019103031197](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASAA2019103031197), Oct 30, 2019: WARNING SYSTEM. FALSE ACTIVATION. CONT CAB ZONE TEMP LIGHT ILLUMINATED AFTER START EXTINGUISHES WITH MSTR CAUTION RESET. GROUNDED - YES. FLT DECK TEMP CONTROL SYSTEM PRIMARY INOP. PERFORMED B737 - [SDR ASAA2019110121199](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASAA2019110121199), Oct 27, 2019: LIGHT. NO INDICATION. *APU INOP GPU & AIRSTARD REQD* DURING PREFLIGHT IN PDX FOUND NO RED APU FIRE DISC. GROUNDED - YES. DISC IS STILL INPLACE, BUT DISC IS CLEAR NOT RED. REL IAW MEL - [SDR ASAA2019101731297](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASAA2019101731297), Oct 17, 2019: ENGINE. CORRODED. #1 ENG INLET AND FAN BLADES- DETAILED INSPT.FOUND 11 EACH NUTPLATES FOR AFT ACOUSTICAL PANELS THAT HAVE CORROSION ON O/B SIDE OF FAN FRAME CASE. ( CORROSION IS - [SDR ASAA2019101631192](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASAA2019101631192), Oct 16, 2019: DOOR SILL. CORRODED. FWD. CARGO DOOR LOWER SILL WEB HAS AN AREA OF CORROSION. GROUNDED - YES. REMOVED CORROSION FROM FWD CARGO DOOR LOWER SILL WEB FOUND TO BE OUT OF LIMITS IAW B737 - [SDR I5EA2019072306](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/I5EA2019072306), Jul 18, 2019: SENSE LINE. LOOSE. DISCREPANCY: FL 310 CLIMBING, CABIN BEGAN TO CLIMB UNCONTROLLABLY, RT PACK WENT TO ZERO. CORRECTIVE ACTION: PERFORMED TROUBLE SHOOTING FOUND HEAVY PENUMATIC LEA - [SDR ASMF20190712003](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASMF20190712003), Jun 24, 2019: WIRE HARNESS. DAMAGED. AIRCRAFT RETURNED TO PLATFORM DUE TO DURING BOTH ENGINES START, THE LT ENGINE IN IDLE REACHED 5.0 UNITS VIBRATION; SO MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL PERFORMED BOROSCOPIC - [SDR 2018FA0000283](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2018FA0000283), Jul 24, 2018: WARNING MESSAGE. FALSE ACTIVATION. ACFT RETURNED FROM FLIGHT, DECLARED IN EMERGENCY DUE TO AN ENG MESSAGE 2 EGT OVERLIMIT IN PHASE 05 SO THE CREW ACCORDING TO THEIR PROCEDURES PERFORMED A MOTOR C - [SDR SWAA2018042021306](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2018042021306), Apr 18, 2018: BLADE. CRACKED. NR 2 ENGINE FAN BLADE AT THE NR 9 POSITION HAD A CRACK INDICATION. R & R THE BLADE IAW MM. - [SDR SWAA2018042021307](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2018042021307), Apr 18, 2018: BLADE. CRACKED. NR 2 ENGINE FAN BLADE AT THE NR 13 POSITION HAS CRACK INDICATION. R & R THE FAN BLADE IAW MM. - [SDR CALA2017060501677](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CALA2017060501677), Jun 5, 2017: HMU. FAULTED. OUT OF FL200 NR 2 ENGINE LOST 20 PERCENT THRUST FROM 60-40 PERCENT. IT RECOVERED IMMEDIATELY REMOVED AND REPLACED HMU. REF: FIM 73-06-00-810-812-FOO AND TASK 73 - [SDR CALA2017060501678](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CALA2017060501678), Jun 5, 2017: HMU. FAULTY. ADVANCED POWER FOR INITIAL TAXI AND NR 2 ENGINE DID NOT ACCELERATE. THEN FLAMED OUT. NO MESSAGE ALERT. PERFOMED TROUBLESHOOTING IAW FIM 73-06-00-810-807-F00. NO - [SDR SWAA2017060514120](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2017060514120), Jun 2, 2017: PUMP. FAULTY. NR 2 ENGINE WOULD NOT DEVELOP CLIMB THRUST OUT OF 10,000 FEET, RETURNED TO DEPARTURE. R & R THE NR 2 ENGINE FUEL PUMP IAW MT. - [SDR SWAA2017060514121](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2017060514121), Jun 2, 2017: HMU. FAULTY. NR 2 ENGINE WOULD NOT DEVELOP CLIMB THRUST OUT OF 10,000 FEET, RETURNED TO DEPARTURE. R & R THE NR 2 ENGINE HYDRO MECHANICAL UNIT IAW MT. - [SDR 2017F00040](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2017F00040), Mar 6, 2017: ENGINE. DAMAGED. NR 2 ENGINE WITH SEVERE DAMAGE AFTER TAKE OFF, STRONG BANG NOISE AND AIRCRAFT VIBRATION, THE ENGINE WAS SECURED WITH ENG SEVERE DAMAGE CHECK LIST. THE ENGINE WA - [SDR AALA201611099003](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AALA201611099003), Nov 8, 2016: PRESSURE SWITCH. FAULTY. AIRCRAFT WAS NOT GROUNDED. ENGINE NR 2 FUEL FILTER CLOG CAUTION ON ECAM E/WD. REPLACED FUEL FILTER DIFFERENTIAL PRESS SWITCH PER AMM 73-34-15. LEAK CHECKS GOOD - [SDR CALA2016101700761](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CALA2016101700761), Oct 17, 2016: ENGINE. VIBRATION. DURING INITIAL CLIMB STRONG VIBRATION, NR 1 ENGINE STRONG VIBRATION NR 1 ENG SURGED/TORCHED STRONG BURNING SMELL. LANDED OVERWEIGHT 165,000 ACCOMPLISHED NR 1 EN - [SDR SWAA2016101708801](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2016101708801), Oct 13, 2016: TURBINE. LEAKING. DIVERSION/DECLARED EMERGENCY, AT 6000FT NR 1 ENGINE LOW OIL INDICATION, FROM 14PSI - 0 PSI ENGINE OIL TEMPERATURE AMBER AT 143 DEGREES, TEMPERATURE NEVER ABOVE - [SDR SWAA2015122947459](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2015122947459), Dec 26, 2015: ENGINE. FAILED. AIR RETURN, INFLIGHT SHUTDOWN. NR 2 ENG LOUD BANG & SHUTDOWN. R & R NR 2 ENG IAW MT. - [SDR SWAA2015122847429](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2015122847429), Dec 23, 2015: COMPRESSOR. STALLED. COMPRESSOR STALL AT NR 1 ENG. R & R NR 1 ENG IAW MM. - [SDR SWAA2015081742913](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2015081742913), Aug 17, 2015: SEAT TRACK. CRACKED. SEAT TRACK CRACKED AT BS 727B, LBL 24.75. FORWARD TRACK INBD FLANGE, FWD & AFT FASTENER HOLE. REPAIRED SEAT TRACK IAW EA. - [SDR SWAA2014061629078](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2014061629078), Jun 7, 2014: STRAP. CRACKED. FORWARD ENTRY DOOR SURROUND STRUCTURE STRAP CRACKED AT BS 351.2, STRINGER 16L. R & R STRAP IAW SRM & DWG. - [SDR SWAA2014061629079](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2014061629079), Jun 7, 2014: FITTING. CRACKED. FORWARD ENTRY DOOR SURROUND STRUCTURE CLIP CRACKED BETWEEN BS 348.2 TO 351.2, STRINGER 16L. R & R CLIP IAW SRM & DWG. - [SDR SWAA2014061629077](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2014061629077), Jun 5, 2014: ANGLE. CRACKED. NUMBER 2 PYLON LOWER SUPPORT STRUCTURE OF ACCESS PANEL 5858R ANGLE CRACKED. R & R ANGLE IAW SRM & DWG. - [SDR SWAA2014032526495](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2014032526495), Mar 23, 2014: COALESCER BAG. DIRTY. AIR TURN BACK ON CLIMB OUT, OIL BURNING SMELL FOG & MIST AT ROW 8 & AFT. R & R WATER SEPARATOR BAGS IAW MM & MT. - [SDR ASMF20130415005](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASMF20130415005), Apr 8, 2013: BLEED VALVE. LEAKING. DURING TRANSIT CHECK, IT WAS DETECTED A NICK IN A FAN BLADE OF THE LT ENGINE. MX PERSONNEL PERFORMED REVISION DETECTING THE NICK WITHIN OPERATION LIMITS IAW MM - [SDR ASMF201304002](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASMF201304002), Mar 21, 2013: HEAT EXCHANGER. LEAKING. DURING OVERNIGHT CHECK, MX PERSONNEL DETECTED A FUEL LEAK IN THE LT ENGINE FUEL SERVO HEATER AND MAIN OIL/ FUEL HEAT EXCHANGER; LT ENGINE FUEL SERVO HEATER AND - [SDR AALA20121104001](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/AALA20121104001), Nov 3, 2012: BLADE. MISREPAIRED. CLIMBING OUT THROUGH ABOUT 5000 FEET A VERY STRONG ODOR WAS PRESENT IN THE COCKPIT AND CABIN. THE QRH PROCEDURE FOR SMOKE, FIRE OR FUMES WAS FOLLOWED. SMELL STA - [SDR UALA2012101105778](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/UALA2012101105778), Oct 10, 2012: PLATE. DENTED. DENT IN AFT CARGO THRESHOLD PLATE, APPROX 18 INCH AFT OF FORWARD CUTOUT, AND 4.5 INCH INBD OF LOWER CUTOUT. DENT MEASURES APPROX 1.75 INCH DIAMETER NOT PUNCTURE - [SDR UALA2012101105779](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/UALA2012101105779), Oct 10, 2012: INLET. DENTED. NR 1 ENGINE INLET COWL AT 8:00 O'CLOCK POSITION HAS DENT. ACCOMPLISHED HFEC INSPECTION, NO CRACKS NOTED, CHECKED THE DENT PER SRM 54-10-01 PG 104 DETAIL IV, DEN - [SDR UALA2012101105781](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/UALA2012101105781), Oct 10, 2012: STRINGER SPLICE. CRACKED. FUSELAGE STRINGER SPLICE IS CRACKED AT LOWER FLANGE AND UPPER FLANGE BS 360 STR 15L, REMOVED AND REPLACED STRINGER SPLICE IAW EA I070435 AND EVA-70367. - [SDR UALA2012101105780](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/UALA2012101105780), Oct 10, 2012: SKIN. CRACKED. EXTERNAL SKIN CRACKED BS 947 S11R, CRACK IS JUST FWD OF AFT GALLEY DOOR BODY TORQUE TUBE UPPER CUTOUT. MAJOR REPAIR ACCOMPLISHED, FABRICATED AND INSTALLED EXTER - [SDR USAA2012041300010](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/USAA2012041300010), Apr 10, 2012: TURBINE BLADES. FAILED. ON TAKEOFF ROLL, CAPTAIN REPORTED A LOUD NOISE AND SUDDEN STOPPAGE OF ENGINE 2. REJECTED TAKEOFF AT 70 KNOTS. REMOVED AND REPLACED NR 2 ENGINE. TEARDOWN OF ENGI - [SDR SWAA2012042003283](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/SWAA2012042003283), Mar 22, 2012: ENGINE. POWER LOSS. INFLIGHT SHUT DOWN, AIR TURNBACK, DECLARED EMERGENCY. NR 2 ENGINE ROLLED BACK TO SUB IDLE. DURING DESCENT NO ABNORMAL INDICATIONS. RESTATED NR 2 ENG. COMPLIED W - [SDR CA111227005](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CA111227005), Dec 23, 2011: RETAINER. BROKEN. (CAN) SUBJECT ENGINE WAS REMOVED FROM ACFT TO ADDRESS MULTIPLE HPC DAMAGED BLADES ON STAGES 1 THROUGH 9. DURING THE INVESTIGATION TO DETERMINE THE CAUSE OF THE - [SDR ASAA11510643](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASAA11510643), Nov 9, 2011: HMU. MALFUNCTIONED. CLIMB THROUGH APPROX 26500FT ENG NR 1 SURGED N1 EXCEEDANCE FOLLOWED BY ENGINE GOING TO NEAR IDLE. ENG FAILURE INDICATION APPROX 15 MINS INTO FLT. ENGINE LIMIT/S - [SDR ASAA11510599](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASAA11510599), Oct 29, 2011: LINER. DELAMINATED. NR 1 ENGINE INLET ABRADABLE SHROUD AT 5 O'CLOCK LOOKING INTO FAN IS DELAMINATED APPX 12" LENGTH REF T/C 78472000. COMPLETED ABRADABLE SHROUD REPAIR THRU F 6 C R - [SDR CA110718016](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/CA110718016), Jul 16, 2011: WINDOW. FAILED. DURING FLIGHT R1 WINDOW SHATTERED IN CRUISE-OUTER PANE. ACFT WAS DIVERTED DUE TO PART AND MANPOWER AVAILABILITY. R1 WINDOW WAS REPLACED. - [SDR ASMF201105017](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/ASMF201105017), May 27, 2011: NOSE COWL. CRACKED. DURING OVERNIGHT CHECK, DETECTED A CRACK OF 3.5 INCH LENGTH NEAR FORWARD L/E AT 6 HOURS POSITION IN LT ENGINE NOSE COWLING. MX REPLACED THE LT ENGINE NOSE COWLI All 5,028: https://openairdocs.org/engine/ge-cfm56-series/reports.md --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.