# Aviat A-1A

- Type: Aircraft model (FAA registry)
- Registry code: 2210405
- Manufacturer (registry): AVIAT AIRCRAFT INC
- Model: A-1A
- Aircraft type: Fixed wing single engine
- Category: Airplane
- Engines: 1 · Reciprocating
- Seats: 2
- Weight class: Up to 12,499 lb
- Certification: Type certificated
- Data sheet: [TCDS A22NM](https://openairdocs.org/tcds/A22NM) (OpenAirDocs)
- Holder: Aviat Aircraft Inc.
- Registered aircraft: 58
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/model/aviat-a-1a

Model codes come from the FAA registry's reference file. ADs are matched to them by model name and maker.

## ADs that may apply (OpenAirDocs)

Matched to this model by model name and maker. Each AD's applicability may narrow it by serial number, part number or equipment.

- [AD 2022-03-15](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2022-03-15): Fuel Quantity Indicator · Garmin G3X Touch Electronic Flight Instrument System (STC SA01899WI or SA02658SE). Effective Mar 21, 2022
- [AD 2020-16-06](https://openairdocs.org/ad/2020-16-06): Horizontal Stabilizer Structure · Aviat A-1, A-1A, A-1B and 2 more. Effective Sep 1, 2020

## Information bulletins (advisory) (1)

- [SAIB CE-17-18](https://openairdocs.org/saib/CE-17-18): Engine Exhaust System, Muffler Cracking. Issued Jun 20, 2017

## Registered aircraft (58, first 50)

- [N101AW](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N101AW): [Hurley Michael P](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/HURLEY%20MICHAEL%20P), [Wasilla, AK](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/AK/Wasilla), built 1999, S/N 1445
- [N105BB](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N105BB): [Witt Benjamin D](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/WITT%20BENJAMIN%20D), [Great Falls, MT](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/MT/Great%20Falls), built 1998, S/N 1416
- [N109AM](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N109AM): [Russell Construction](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/RUSSELL%20CONSTRUCTION), [Douglas, WY](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/WY/Douglas), built 2000, S/N 1464
- [N111XJ](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N111XJ): [Cc Bar Ranch LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/CC%20BAR%20RANCH%20LLC), [Texarkana, TX](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/TX/Texarkana), built 1998, S/N 1429
- [N113N](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N113N): [Shaw Brandon L](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/SHAW%20BRANDON%20L), [Juneau, AK](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/AK/Juneau), built 1998, S/N 1422
- [N119WP](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N119WP): [Southern Aircraft Consultancy Inc Trustee](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/SOUTHERN%20AIRCRAFT%20CONSULTANCY%20INC%20TRUSTEE), [Casper, WY](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/WY/Casper), S/N 1425
- [N124HU](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N124HU): [Leaders Kurt W](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/LEADERS%20KURT%20W), [Clear Lake, MN](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/MN/Clear%20Lake), built 1998, S/N 1413
- [N125HU](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N125HU): [Wyatt Gregory P](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/WYATT%20GREGORY%20P), [Billings, MT](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/MT/Billings), built 1998, S/N 1423
- [N12HY](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N12HY): [Nephi, UT](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/UT/Nephi), built 1999, S/N 1448, Registration pending
- [N12TE](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N12TE): [Schwigen Justin R](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/SCHWIGEN%20JUSTIN%20R), [Alton, IL](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/IL/Alton), built 1998, S/N 1440
- [N141F](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N141F): [Anderson Jon J](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/ANDERSON%20JON%20J), [Hill City, SD](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/SD/Hill%20City), built 1998, S/N 1400
- [N153C](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N153C): [Harless Richard K](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/HARLESS%20RICHARD%20K), [Battle Mountain, NV](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/NV/Battle%20Mountain), built 1998, S/N 1415
- [N15LF](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N15LF): [Northrup George William](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/NORTHRUP%20GEORGE%20WILLIAM), [Ellicottville, NY](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/NY/Ellicottville), built 1998, S/N 1395
- [N168FS](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N168FS): [Whitley Pat](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/WHITLEY%20PAT), [Altoona, AL](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/AL/Altoona), built 1998, S/N 1404
- [N17HY](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N17HY): [Morong William G](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/MORONG%20WILLIAM%20G), [Lincolnville, ME](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/ME/Lincolnville), built 1999, S/N 1454
- [N19HY](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N19HY): [Grqg Flyer LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/GRQG%20FLYER%20LLC), [Annandale, NJ](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/NJ/Annandale), built 1999, S/N 1459
- [N19LG](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N19LG): [Tail Chaser LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/TAIL%20CHASER%20LLC), [Wilmington, DE](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/DE/Wilmington), built 1998, S/N 1441
- [N202BE](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N202BE): [Kruse Stephan L Jr](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/KRUSE%20STEPHAN%20L%20JR), [Norridgewock, ME](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/ME/Norridgewock), S/N 1462
- [N214C](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N214C): [Meister Curtis E](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/MEISTER%20CURTIS%20E), [Plover, WI](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/WI/Plover), built 1998, S/N 1430
- [N221JW](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N221JW): [Simmons Aviation Services LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/SIMMONS%20AVIATION%20SERVICES%20LLC), [Pawcatuck, CT](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/CT/Pawcatuck), built 1998, S/N 1419
- [N232C](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N232C): [David Stix Jr](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/DAVID%20STIX%20JR), [Fernley, NV](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/NV/Fernley), built 1998, S/N 1442
- [N234SP](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N234SP): [Schmidt W William DBA](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/SCHMIDT%20W%20WILLIAM%20DBA), [Lexington, OH](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/OH/Lexington), built 1998, S/N 1435
- [N241VY](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N241VY): [Shallbetter Joseph R](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/SHALLBETTER%20JOSEPH%20R), [Green Valley, AZ](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/AZ/Green%20Valley), built 1999, S/N 1449
- [N24HU](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N24HU): [Fernweh Aviation LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/FERNWEH%20AVIATION%20LLC), [Bandon, OR](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/OR/Bandon), built 1998, S/N 1403
- [N26HV](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N26HV): [Hotel Victor LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/HOTEL%20VICTOR%20LLC), [Bend, OR](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/OR/Bend), S/N 1410
- [N270C](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N270C): [Remmick Darwin](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/REMMICK%20DARWIN), [Jamestown, ND](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/ND/Jamestown), built 2000, S/N 1466
- [N27BE](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N27BE): [Air N Nautical LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/AIR%20N%20NAUTICAL%20LLC), [Kalispell, MT](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/MT/Kalispell), built 1998, S/N 1418
- [N27HR](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N27HR): [Remer Herbert I](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/REMER%20HERBERT%20I), [Punta Gorda, FL](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/FL/Punta%20Gorda), built 1999, S/N 1444
- [N27HY](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N27HY): [Miand Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/MIAND%20INC), [Laporte, IN](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/IN/Laporte), built 1999, S/N 1457
- [N27PJ](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N27PJ): [Hines Thomas J](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/HINES%20THOMAS%20J), [Amsterdam, NY](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/NY/Amsterdam), built 1998, S/N 1401
- [N281C](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N281C): [Appel Daniel E](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/APPEL%20DANIEL%20E), [Redfield, SD](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/SD/Redfield), built 1999, S/N 1456
- [N287C](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N287C): [Hall William Dustin](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/HALL%20WILLIAM%20DUSTIN), [Elizabeth City, NC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/NC/Elizabeth%20City), built 1999, S/N 1460
- [N28AW](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N28AW): [Skyhook Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/SKYHOOK%20INC), [Nescopeck, PA](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/PA/Nescopeck), built 1998, S/N 1439
- [N28HU](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N28HU): [Kahonees Air Service LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/KAHONEES%20AIR%20SERVICE%20LLC), [Bozeman, MT](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/MT/Bozeman), built 1998, S/N 1414
- [N302JB](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N302JB): [S C Flying Service Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/S%20C%20FLYING%20SERVICE%20INC), [Ravenden Springs, AR](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/AR/Ravenden%20Springs), built 1998, S/N 1417
- [N30HU](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N30HU): [Dukes William R](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/DUKES%20WILLIAM%20R), [Tallulah, LA](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/LA/Tallulah), built 1998, S/N 1406
- [N31WF](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N31WF): [Taylor Peter L](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/TAYLOR%20PETER%20L), [Beaumont, TX](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/TX/Beaumont), built 1999, S/N 1461
- [N32HU](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N32HU): [Mdc Aviation Corp Inc](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/MDC%20AVIATION%20CORP%20INC), [Amsterdam, NY](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/NY/Amsterdam), S/N 1402
- [N401PK](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N401PK): [Jones Roderick H DBA](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/JONES%20RODERICK%20H%20DBA), [Thomasville, GA](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/GA/Thomasville), built 1998, S/N 1438
- [N403](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N403): [Pescatore Thomas F](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/PESCATORE%20THOMAS%20F), [Monte Vista, CO](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/CO/Monte%20Vista), built 1999, S/N 1451
- [N40AW](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N40AW): [Klingbeil Mark T](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/KLINGBEIL%20MARK%20T), [Bottineau, ND](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/ND/Bottineau), built 1999, S/N 1452
- [N415JB](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N415JB): [Brewer Allen E](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/BREWER%20ALLEN%20E), [Madison, MS](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/MS/Madison), built 1999, S/N 1463
- [N42AK](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N42AK): [Gerhardt David](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/GERHARDT%20DAVID), [Denver, CO](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/CO/Denver), built 1998, S/N 1434
- [N444HU](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N444HU): [Dorsey Sage](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/DORSEY%20SAGE), [Bend, OR](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/OR/Bend), built 1998, S/N 1396
- [N451GR](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N451GR): [Midwest Kilo Delta LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/MIDWEST%20KILO%20DELTA%20LLC), [Clara City, MN](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/MN/Clara%20City), S/N 1408
- [N456AM](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N456AM): [Krause Kade G](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/KRAUSE%20KADE%20G), [Jackson, MT](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/MT/Jackson), built 1998, S/N 1412
- [N456HU](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N456HU): [Cornelius Wayne](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/CORNELIUS%20WAYNE), [Mount Arlington, NJ](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/NJ/Mount%20Arlington), built 1998, S/N 1436
- [N503MZ](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N503MZ): [Wight Schuyler III](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/WIGHT%20SCHUYLER%20III), [Goldsmith, TX](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/TX/Goldsmith), built 1998, S/N 1405
- [N526VT](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N526VT): [N526ma LLC](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/N526MA%20LLC), [South Burlington, VT](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/VT/South%20Burlington), built 1998, S/N 1411
- [N56TA](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N56TA): [Barber Jason L](https://openairdocs.org/faa-owner/BARBER%20JASON%20L), [Oil Trough, AR](https://openairdocs.org/faa-place/AR/Oil%20Trough), built 1998, S/N 1420

All 58: https://openairdocs.org/model/aviat-a-1a/aircraft.md

## NTSB investigations (24)

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

- [NTSB WPR24LA316](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR24LA316), Sep 22, 2024: Aviat A-1A (N56TA), Taft, CA, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot receiving instruction’s failure to maintain directional control during landing roll and the flight instructor’s delayed remedial action.
- [NTSB WPR22FA304](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR22FA304), Aug 15, 2022: Aviat A-1A (N26HV), Yellow Pine, ID, substantial damage, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed during an initial climb, which resulted in the exceedance of the critical angle of attack, subsequent aerodynamic stall, and impact with terrain.…
- [NTSB CEN22LA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA076), Dec 9, 2021: Aviat A-1A (N111XJ), St. Jo, TX, substantial damage. Probable cause: The total loss of engine power due to carburetor icing during cruise flight, which resulted in a forced landing and impact with terrain.
- [NTSB WPR20CA093](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR20CA093), Feb 22, 2020: Aviat A1 (N462), Columbia, CA, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain bank control during landing in gusting wind conditions.
- [NTSB GAA19CA432](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA432), Jul 17, 2019: Aviat A1 (N137C), Ennis, MT, destroyed. Probable cause: The pilot's exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack while turning at low altitude, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's distraction due…
- [NTSB WPR13CA280](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR13CA280), Jun 21, 2013: Aviat A-1A (N26HV), McCall, ID, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate airspeed while on approach for landing, which resulted in a loss of airplane control and a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR10CA088](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10CA088), Dec 19, 2009: Aviat A1-A (N17HY), West Jordon, UT, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll in gusting wind conditions.
- [NTSB CEN09CA357](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09CA357), Jun 14, 2009: Aviat A1 (N190BA), Garrison, MN, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing on the water and subsequent loss of control.
- [NTSB CEN09CA352](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09CA352), Jun 12, 2009: Aviat A-1A (N391C), Marfa, TX, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain control while landing in gusty winds.
- [NTSB DFW07LA105](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DFW07LA105), May 5, 2007: Aviat A-1A (N16HY), Farmingdale, NY, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane during a short-field takeoff, which resulted in an inadvertent stall.
- [NTSB LAX07CA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX07CA013), Oct 7, 2006: Aviat A-1A (N40AW), Woodlake, CA, substantial damage. Probable cause: the collapse of the landing gear during the landing roll out due to an encounter with rough uneven terrain. Also causal was the pilot's in-flight decision to land on the unsuitable mountainous uneven…
- [NTSB DEN06CA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN06CA078), May 15, 2006: Aviat A-1A (N153C), Englewood, CO, substantial damage. Probable cause: the pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control while taxiing from landing, resulting in a collision with a refuse dumpster. A contributing factor was his physical impairment by alcohol.
- [NTSB SEA06CA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA06CA043), Jan 14, 2006: Aviat A1-A (N456AM), Pine, ID, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain clearance from terrain while maneuvering. Snow covered terrain and flat light conditions are contributing factors.
- [NTSB ATL05CA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL05CA067), Mar 29, 2005: Aviat A1A (N119WP), Alexander City, AL, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed which resulted in an inadvertent stall.
- [NTSB IAD04IA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD04IA032), Jul 16, 2004: Aviat A-1A (N4674L), Fryeburg, ME, incident, minor damage. Probable cause: The pilot's improper use of carburetor heat, which resulted in a loss of engine power. A factor was the lack of suitable terrain for the forced landing.
- [NTSB LAX04LA297](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04LA297), Apr 20, 2004: Aviat A-1A (N40AW), Visalia, CA, substantial damage. Probable cause: the pilot's failure to maintain an adequate airspeed on final approach, which resulted in an inadvertent stall and a hard landing.
- [NTSB ANC03LA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC03LA104), Aug 7, 2003: Aviat A-1A (N113N), Sitka, AK, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's delay in aborting the takeoff, which resulted in a collision with the shoreline during an aborted takeoff.
- [NTSB SEA03FA096](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA03FA096), Jun 8, 2003: Aviat A-1A (N141F), Sandpoint, ID, substantial damage, 1 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed during a low pass maneuver which resulted in a stall. A related factor was the trees.
- [NTSB ATL03LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL03LA035), Jan 11, 2003: Aviat Husky (N415JB), Dayton, TN, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing roll which resulted in a loss of control and collision with a ditch. A factor was separation of the spring clip from the landing…
- [NTSB LAX01LA175](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA175), May 9, 2001: Aviat A-1A (N281C), TontoNat.Forest, AZ, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's inadequate crosswind correction compensation during landing and his failure to maintain proper alignment with the usable runway. A contributing factor was the presence of bushes in…
- [NTSB DEN01LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA038), Jan 4, 2001: Aviat A-1A (N26HV), Eden, UT, substantial damage. Probable cause: the pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control during a landing attempt. A contributing factor was his failure to check the snow conditions in the field before the flight.
- [NTSB MIA00LA216](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA00LA216), Jul 6, 2000: Aviat Husky (N415JB), Dayton, TN, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during landing flare into a crosswind, resulting in a runway excursion off the runway edge and collision of the wingtip with the…
- [NTSB MIA98LA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA190), Jun 27, 1998: Aviat A-1A (N32HU), Daytona Beach, FL, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed, which resulted in a stall. A contributing factor was the pilot's delay in initiating remedial action.
- [NTSB FTW98LA110](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA110), Jan 28, 1998: Aviat A-1 (N503MZ), Buena Vista, CO, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. Factors were the crosswind changing to a tailwind, and the pilot's lack of experience in the type of aircraft.

## FAA accident and incident reports (38)

From the FAA Accident/Incident Data System. Reports are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

- [Accident 20240921020519A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20240921020519A), Sep 21, 2024: Aviat Aircraft Inc A-1A (N56TA), Taft, CA, Substantial damage. The instructional flight began at shafter minter field, where 18 landings were completed. The flight then proceeded south to private Property, where one…
- [Incident 20230225000949I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20230225000949I), Feb 25, 2023: Aviat Aircraft Inc A-1A (N42AK), Englewood, CO, No damage. Pilot departed Colorado spaceport, CO (kcfo) in calm conditions to attend a charity fundraiser at centennial airport, CO (kapa). Because of crosswind…
- [Accident 20220815014599A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20220815014599A), Aug 15, 2022: Aviat Aircraft Inc A-1A (N26HV), Yellow Pine, ID, Destroyed, 2 fatal. At 0630 on the morning of August 15, 2022 the pilot and one passenger on a multi-day backcountry camping trip appears to have stalled and crashed shortly after…
- [Accident 20211209022549A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20211209022549A), Dec 9, 2021: Aviat Aircraft Inc A-1A (N111XJ), St. Joe, TX, Substantial damage. Pilot statement: 1558 local takeoff from denton airport (dto). Around 1716 hrs local, at 2500 MSL, the pilot experience engine power loss; noted manafold…
- [Accident 20200222002299A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20200222002299A), Feb 22, 2020: Aviat Aircraft Inc A-1A (N462), Columbia, CA, Substantial damage. During landing rollout on rwy 29, the left wing began to lift and despite control inputs, the aircraft would not recover. The pilot applied full engine power…
- [Incident 20191023022179I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20191023022179I), Oct 23, 2019: Aviat Aircraft Inc A-1A (N214C), Shiprock, NM, Minor damage. On October 23, 2019, at 0910 MDT, an Aviat A-1A husky, N214C, registered to riverside pipe LLC., ground looped on landing at Shiprock Airstrip, Shiprock, new…
- [Incident 20190803013259I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20190803013259I), Aug 3, 2019: Aviat Aircraft Inc A-1A (N221JW), Charlestown, RI, Minor damage. Aircraft landed at watchaug pond in Charlestown, rhode island and forgot to retract the landing gear on the amphibious floats. Aircraft flipped over with only…
- [Accident 20190717011989A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20190717011989A), Jul 17, 2019: Aviat Aircraft Inc A-1A (N137C), Ennis, MT, Substantial damage. On July 17, 2019, at 0952 local time, an Aviat Aircraft Inc., husky A-1A, N137C, registered to [privacy data omitted] northern wings aviation LLC, was flying a…
- [Incident 20160915018599I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20160915018599I), Sep 15, 2016: Aviat Aircraft Inc A-1A (N241VY), Hanksville, UT, Minor damage. Upon landing the aircraft struck two portapotty's placed on the runway for a camping activity to begin the next day. The portapotty's color closely matched the…
- [Incident 20160622009809I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20160622009809I), Jun 22, 2016: Aviat Aircraft Inc A-1A (N15LF), Rochester, NY, Minor damage. The pilot of N15LF received taxi instructions and stated he understood the instructions. The pilot was flying a tail wheeled aircraft with 31 inch bush tires…
- [Accident 20130621011349A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20130621011349A), Jun 21, 2013: Aviat Aircraft Inc A-1A (N26HV), Substantial damage. Pilot was receiving back counrty instruction. They attempted to land at the Dewey Moore Airstrip (700 x 30 feet, gravel strip). First time at this Airstrip for…
- [Accident 20091219053019A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20091219053019A), Dec 19, 2009: Aviat Aircr A-1A (N17HY), West Jordan, UT, Substantial damage. The pilot stated that on landing touchdown, a gust turned the aircraft to the right. The pilot attempted to correct to the left, the oversized (29") left main…
- [Accident 20090614011219A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20090614011219A), Jun 14, 2009: Aviat A1A (N190BA), Garrison, MN, Substantial damage. (-23) Pilot was attempting to land on camp lake to the south. He chose a very narrow part of the lake to land. He bounced the landing and aircraft turned 45…
- [Accident 20090612007669A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20090612007669A), Jun 12, 2009: Aviat A1A (N391C), Marfa, TX, Substantial damage. (-23)On June 12, 2009 at approximately 1655 CDT, N391C, an Aviat aircraft inc. husky model A-1A, was attempting to land at a private strip on the san jancinto…
- [Accident 20070505019459A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20070505019459A), May 5, 2007: Aviat A1A (N16HY), Farmingdale, NY, Substantial damage. (-23) May 5, 2007 Republic Airport, Farmingdale, NY (frg). At approximately 0850 local time, Aviat-A-1A, N16HY, s/n 1455 departed runway 1. The aircraft was…
- [Accident 20061006024679A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20061006024679A), Oct 6, 2006: Aviat A1A (N40AW), Altra Sierra, CA, Substantial damage. (-23) Pilot stated he was landing in a meadow on red mountain when his left main dropped into a hole causing the accident. The left main gear was bent back;…
- [Accident 20060513009979A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20060513009979A), May 13, 2006: Aviat A1A (N153C), Denver, CO, Substantial damage. (-23) Pilot departed Centennial Airport on a local flight in night VFR conditions on runway 10. After about 30 minutes he returned to the airport, and called…
- [Accident 20060114000389A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20060114000389A), Jan 14, 2006: Aviat A1A (N456AM), Pine, ID, Substantial damage. (-23) Pilot stated that he and a second aircraft were flying over anderson ranch reservoir in an attempt to observe the snow condition and water level of the…
- [Incident 20060112000179I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20060112000179I), Jan 12, 2006: Aviat A1A (N478DM), Millsap, TX, Minor damage. (-23) On 01/12/2006, at 11:00 am, local time, an Aviat A-1A, registration number N478DM, owned by and registered to the pilot [privacy data omitted]…
- [Accident 20050329004799A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20050329004799A), Mar 29, 2005: Aviat A1A (N119WP), Alexander City, AL, Substantial damage. (-23) While attempting to land on lake martin, Alexander City, AL. Pilot stalled the aircraft and made hard landing on water causing the floats to separate…
- [Incident 20040716018009I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20040716018009I), Jul 16, 2004: Aviat A1A (N4674L), Fryburg, ME, Minor damage. (-23) Pilot was conducting scenic day VFR flight. Engine began to run rough. Pilot performed a precautionary landing on a sand bar in the saco river. Aircraft…
- [Accident 20040419018509A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20040419018509A), Apr 19, 2004: Aviat A1A (N40AW), Visalia, CA, Substantial damage. (-23) On 4/19/2004, at approximately 1800PDT, N40AW, piloted by [privacy data omitted] collided with N8321X on a parking ramp at Visalia Municipal Airport…
- [Accident 20030807037109A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20030807037109A), Aug 7, 2003: Aviat A1A (N113N), Baranof Island, AK, Substantial damage. (-23) On August 7, 2003, about 1100 Alaska daylight time, a float-equipped Aviat A-1A airplane, N113N, sustained substantial damage when it collided with the…
- [Accident 20030608011629A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20030608011629A), Jun 8, 2003: Aviat A1A (N141F), Sandpoint, ID, Substantial damage, 1 fatal. (-23) On June 8, 2003, approximately 1530 hrs local time, an Aviat husky A-1A N141F, impacted the ground near the edge of an open field approximately 10 miles…
- [Accident 20030111006959A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20030111006959A), Jan 11, 2003: Aviat A1A (N415JB), Dayton, TN, Substantial damage. (-23) During landing roll, aircraft veered abruptly to the right, departing the runway. The left main gear, left wing and prop received damage, after the…
- [Incident 20020306004309I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20020306004309I), Mar 6, 2002: Aviat A1A (N26HV), Denver, CO, Minor damage. (-23) Normal landing and normal rollout, ATCT requested pilot to exit 29R @ A2, pilot thought he could make the turn and started to apply light braking, the…
- [Incident 20011118031149I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20011118031149I), Nov 18, 2001: Aviat A1A (N15LF), Show Low, AZ, Minor damage. (-23) Departed chandler mun. Enroute monitored sow CTAF frequency. Obtained altimeter setting from taylor AWOS-3. Entered downwind for runway 21 at sow. Abeam…
- [Incident 20010930026589I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20010930026589I), Sep 30, 2001: Chris A1 (N444HU), Milford, UT, Minor damage. (-23)Pilot noticed high oil temp and fluctuating oil pressure-made precautionary landing on road and hit rock. Examination revealed broken oil ring on #1…
- [Incident 20010602013449I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20010602013449I), Jun 2, 2001: Aviat A1A (N202BE), Laconia, NH, Minor damage. (-23) Pilot stated that he was repositioning his AA-1A floatplane from opechee bay in lake winnipesaukee to another part of the lake to secure the aircraft.…
- [Accident 20010509008539A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20010509008539A), May 9, 2001: Aviat A1A (N281C), Tontonat, AZ, Substantial damage. (.19)On may 9, 2001, about 0730 hours mountain standard time, an Aviat A-1A, N281C, owned by stump jumper aero LLC, wilmington, Delaware, and operated by the…
- [Accident 20010104000229A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20010104000229A), Jan 4, 2001: Aviat A1A (N26HV), Eden, UT, Substantial damage. (-23) Pilot was attempting to check field conditions before landing. During first pass the right main wheel sunk into snow and broke the frozen crust causing…
- [Incident 20001202028009I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20001202028009I), Dec 2, 2000: Aviat A1A (N12TE), Cook, MN, Minor damage. (-23)[privacy data omitted]was practicing stol operations from the a/c owners Private airstrip, when a hard landing was made. The a/c suffered gear damage and…
- [Incident 20001012019459I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20001012019459I), Oct 12, 2000: Aviat A1A (N503MZ), Pinedale, WY, Minor damage. (-23) While flying low to look over some property, the a/c struck a powerline guide wire at approx. 50 feet above the ground.
- [Accident 20000706009449A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20000706009449A), Jul 6, 2000: Aviat A1A (N415JB), Dayton, TN, Substantial damage. (-23) During landing roll, aircraft pulled to the right and both main wheels left the side of the runway. Pilot was correcting direction when one of the main…
- [Incident 19990512014189I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19990512014189I), May 12, 1999: Aviat A1A (N153C), Denver, CO, Minor damage. The pilot recently purchased this aircraft and had training on tailwheel landings and takeoffs. A tailwheel endorsement was entered into his pilots log book by…
- [Accident 19980627015119A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19980627015119A), Jun 27, 1998: Aviat A1A (N32HU), Daytona Beach, FL, Substantial damage. Demo flight two ATP pilots. Took off stalled in nose high climb. Fell off on a wing prio impact. (.4) the pilot-in-command (PIC) was demonstrating a short…
- [Incident 19980213005089I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19980213005089I), Feb 13, 1998: Chris A1 (N15LF), Afton, WY, Minor damage. Narrative: the pilot departed Afton airport rwy 16. Shortly after takeoff the engine stopped. The pilot landed the aircraft straight ahead in a snow covered…
- [Accident 19980128002739A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19980128002739A), Jan 28, 1998: Chris A1 (N503MZ), Buena Vista, CO, Substantial damage. Lost control landing gusty wind. Dragged wing. Lsot control. Exited rwy down an embankment. Wind low time in type. (.4)the pilot said that although he had…

## Service difficulty reports (9)

As reported by operators and repair stations, by the model named in the report.

- [SDR 2006FA0000063](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2006FA0000063), Dec 24, 2005: PUSHROD. DISCONNECTED. REPORTED LOSS OF ELEV CNTRL ON FINAL APROACH. BOOT AROUND REAR CNTRL STICK WAS REMOVED, ELEV PUSH ROD WAS NO LONGER CONNECTED, NO NUT WAS FOUND. ROD ENDS WERE I
- [SDR 2004FA0000033](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2004FA0000033), Jan 5, 2004: ELT. CORRODED. OPERATIONAL TEST OF ELT ON PRE-FLIGHT AT THE REMOTE SWITCH SHOWED THE ELT WAS NOT WORKING. MANUALLY TURNED THE ELT ON AT THE UNIT, STILL NOT WORKING. REMOVED EL
- [SDR 2004FA0000122](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2004FA0000122), Jan 5, 2004: ELT. CORRODED. OPERATIONAL TEST OF ELT ON PRE-FLIGHT AT THE REMOTE SWITCH SHOWED THE ELT WAS NOT WORKING. MANUALLY TURNED THE ELT ON AT THE UNIT, STILL NOT WORKING. REMOVED EL
- [SDR 2003FA0001262](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2003FA0001262), Nov 20, 2003: VENT. OBSTRUCTED. ON RUNUP, ENGINE WOULD QUIT. ALLOWED TO SIT APPROX 3 MINUTES, IT WOULD START AND RUN, THEN QUIT. WHEN FUEL CAP WAS REMOVED A WHOOSH OF INCOMING AIR WAS HEARD. E
- [SDR 2004FA0000194](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2004FA0000194), Nov 17, 2003: DRAIN LINE. CHAFED. OIL LEAK NOTED ON LOWER COWL. DURING ANNUAL INSPECTION, NR 1 OIL DRAIN TUBE FOUND CHAFED BY CARB HEAT SCAT HOSE. SCAT HOSE WAS ROUTED BETWEEN OIL DRAIN TUBE AND
- [SDR 2003FA0000803](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2003FA0000803), Jun 15, 2003: BRACE. SHEARED. PREFLT INSPECTION FOUND THE TERMINAL HOLDING THE LT FORWARD TAIL BRACE TO THE HORIZONTAL STABILIZER TO BE SHEARED OFF.
- [SDR 2002FA0000955](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2002FA0000955), Jul 24, 2002: STOP. CRACKED. DURING FLAP HANDLE REPLACEMENT, THE FLAP SETTING STOP ASSY WAS REMOVED AND A CRACK WAS FOUND IN THE FULL FLAP NOTCH AND FAILURE OF THE ASSY WAS FORTHCOMING. THI
- [SDR 2002FA0000660](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2002FA0000660), May 10, 2002: TERMINAL. BROKEN. LEFT LOWER FORWARD TAIL STRUT THREADED ROD DISCOVERED BROKEN ON PREFLIGHT. (NO ADVERSE FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS NOTED ON PREVIOUS FLIGHT.) ROD BROKEN AT END OF 5/
- [SDR 2001FA0000073](https://openairdocs.org/sdr/2001FA0000073), May 25, 2000: ROD. BROKEN. THIS PART BROKE ON LANDING, I BELIEVE THE AIRCRAFT WAS RENDERED UNCONTROLLABLE.

## STCs that may be installed (OpenAirDocs) (131, first 50)

Approved for this model: the STC's model list names it on its data sheet, or a series that includes it. In force first, then newest. The registry doesn't record which STCs an aircraft has.

- [STC SA01233SE](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA01233SE): Fabrication and installation of Alaskan Bushwheel LLC tail wheel and fork assembly. ABI, LLC
- [STC SA02571SE](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02571SE): Installation of Garmin G500/G600 TXi Integrated Avionics System (Primary Flight Display, Multi-Function Display, and Engine Indicating System Display). Garmin International Inc
- [STC SA01800SE](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA01800SE): Fabrication and installation of new or replacement of existing instrument panel lights dimmer control. TCW Technologies, LLC
- [STC SA01861SE](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA01861SE): Fabrication and installation of Landing Light Controller. TCW Technologies, LLC
- [STC SA12428CH](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA12428CH): Installation of the Lycoming Engines Electronic Ignition System (EIS). Lycoming Engines, An Operating Division of AVCO Corporation
- [STC SA04837NY](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA04837NY): Installation of AeroLED's Holdings, LLC., position lights, navigation lights, strobe lights and beacon lights. AeroLED's Holdings, LLC
- [STC SA04652CH](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA04652CH): To allow use of 100R grade aviation fuel meeting Swift Fuel, LLC specification. Swift Fuels LLC
- [STC SA02636SE](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02636SE): Installation of Garmin GPS 175 Navigation System and GNX 375 Navigation System with ADS-B In/Out Transponder. Garmin International Inc
- [STC SA02019SE-D](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02019SE-D): Installation of Garmin Model GTN 625/635/650; 725/750 Navigation System. Garmin International Inc
- [STC SA01866WI](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA01866WI): Installation of Garmin GFC 500 Autopilot with Electronic Stability and Protection. Garmin International Inc
- [STC SA01005DE](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA01005DE): Installation of a EarthX ETX900-TSO Lithium battery. EarthX Inc
- [STC SA11177SC](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA11177SC): Installation of a Hartzell Propeller Inc. model HC-C2YR-IN/NG8301-3 propeller. Hartzell Propeller LLC
- [STC SA02738CH](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02738CH): Installation of L-3 Communications Avionics Systems. Acron Aviation Inc
- [STC SA04046CH PAGE 1](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA04046CH%20PAGE%201): Installation of L-3 GENESIS (TM) Electronic Standby Instrument System (ESI-500/MAG-500). Acron Aviation Inc
- [STC SA02396AK](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02396AK): Replacement of Sky International Inc. landing gear strut assemblies with Floats Alaska, LLC. +3 extended gear, part numbers 45017-501HD-3X and 45017-502HD-3X. Seaplanes North LLC
- [STC SA02589AK](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02589AK): Installation of the Hartzell Model 3C1-R430A1/80C01 Propeller. Momentum Aeronautics Holdings LLC
- [STC SA01240SE](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA01240SE): Installation of secondary voltage indication system. Visual Instruments LLC
- [STC SA04378CH](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA04378CH): Installation of an engine modified per STC SE04349CH. SureFly Partners Ltd
- [STC SA02765SE](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02765SE): Installation of Acme Stinger tailwheel landing gear shock absorber. Acme Suspensions LLC
- [STC SA39CH](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA39CH): Installation of an Amphibian Landing Gear Position Advisory System/Laser Gear Advisory System. Wipaire Inc
- [STC SA02594SE](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02594SE): SkyView HDX Instrumentation and Autopilot System manufactured. Dynon Avionics
- [STC SA04568CH](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA04568CH): Installation of the uAvionix tailBeaconX, a tail mounted position light with integrated Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) Out and 1090MHz Mode-S transponder functionality. uAvionix Corporation
- [STC SA02658SE](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02658SE): Installation of Garmin GI 275 Multi-Function Display System. Garmin International Inc
- [STC SA02576AK](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02576AK): Installation of Cleveland and ABI, LLC Wheel and Brake Kits. ABI LLC
- [STC SA01416SE](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA01416SE): Installation of a butterfly valve in the oil cooler inlet duct. Westview Aviation LLC
- [STC SA11137SC](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA11137SC): Installation of Plane-Power ALT-FLX alternator. Hartzell Engine Technologies, LLC
- [STC SA01606CH](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA01606CH): Installation of alternate electro-hydraulic power pack system for operation of main wheel skis. F.Atlee Dodge Aircraft Services
- [STC SA02838CH](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02838CH): Installation of Wipaire Skis Main Wheel Skis Model C2200. F.Atlee Dodge Aircraft Services
- [STC SA3-423](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA3-423): Installation of CT-3000 tail ski on airplanes equipped with Scott 3200 or 3400 tail wheels. F.Atlee Dodge Aircraft Services
- [STC SA02987CH](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02987CH): Installation of the Electroair Electronic Ignition System. Electroair Acquisition Corporation
- [STC SA02023CH](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02023CH): Installation of an MT-Propeller model MTV-15-B/210-58 and spinner assembly P-277-B. McFarlane Aviation LLC
- [STC SA02870CH](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02870CH): Installation of MT Propeller, model MTV-9-B/(198-200) -52, MTV-9-B-C-R-M/CR 198-200-52, MTV-15-B-C-R-M/CR 210-58, MTV-15-B/(205-210)-58, MTV-15-B/203-52 and MTV-15-B-C-R-M/CR-203-52, with matching spinner. McFarlane Aviation LLC
- [STC SA02568AK](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02568AK): Installation of Airframes Alaska Aluminum Lift Struts. Airframes Alaska LLC
- [STC SA02203AK](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02203AK): Installation of FlightLogic Synthetic Vision Electronic Flight Information System (EFIS-SV). Genesys Aerosystems Inc
- [STC SA01721CH](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA01721CH): Installation of Baumann Model BF2150A floats per Baumann Drawing List BF-2150A-01, Rev B, dtd 9/19/02 or later FAA approved revisions. Baumann Floats LLC
- [STC SA04776NY](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA04776NY): The HIPEC Covering and Finishing System must be performed and maintained. HIPEC Aircraft Coatings Inc
- [STC SA02444AK](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02444AK): Approval of the L-3 Communications NGT 9000/9000R ADS-B system installed. ADS-B Technologies LLC
- [STC SA02288AK](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02288AK): Installation of Alpha Omega Suspension System (AOSS) in place of original bungees. Burl's Aircraft LLC
- [STC SA02153AK](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02153AK): Installation of Burl's Aircraft Rebuild Magnum I tail wheel Penetration ski. Burl's Aircraft Rebuild LLC
- [STC SA03819NY](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA03819NY): Installation and maintenance of Oratex 6000 Covering and Coating System. Lanitz-Prena Folien Factory GmbH
- [STC SA01015SE](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA01015SE): Installation of eligible Alaska Bushwheel, Inc. wheels and TSO-C62d tires. ABI LLC
- [STC SA01818WI](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA01818WI): Installation of Garmin G5 Electronic Flight Instrument. Garmin International Inc
- [STC SA02553AK](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02553AK): Fabrication and installation of a Tail Wheel Anti-Shimmy Dampener. Keller Engineering Group LLC
- [STC SA11174SC PAGE 2](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA11174SC%20PAGE%202): Installation of BendixKing by Honeywell KSN 770 and KSN 765 WAAS LPV approach capable nav/comm systems. Honeywell International Inc (Bendix King)
- [STC SA02430SE](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA02430SE): Fabrication and installation of a camera housing. Airborne Sensor LLC
- [STC SA00401BO](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA00401BO): Installation of a SkyTrax100B UAT receiver. Avidyne Corporation
- [STC SA00410BO](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA00410BO): Installation of an AV-30-C Multi-Mode Indicator. uAvionix Corporation
- [STC SA01714WI](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA01714WI): Installation of a Garmin transponders: (a) GTX 330/330D/33/33D with ADS-B Out functionality; (b) GTX 335/335R/345/345R with ADS-B Out and In functionality; or (c) GTX 335R/345R with ADS-B Out functionality in select airplanes installed with G950/G1000 systems. Garmin International Inc
- [STC SA04032CH](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA04032CH): Install rocker switch assemblies. Electroair Acquisition Corporation
- [STC SA00344BO PAGE 2](https://openairdocs.org/stc/SA00344BO%20PAGE%202): Installation of Parmetheus Plus LED PAR36 and PAR46 taxi and landing lights. Whelen Aerospace Technologies

All 131: https://openairdocs.org/model/aviat-a-1a/stcs.md

---
OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.