# NTSB investigations: Lycoming I0360 series: Hard landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 1 of 2 · 54 cases

## Latest cases

- [NTSB WPR26LA365](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR26LA365.md): Cessna 172R · Ho'olehua, HI · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Investigation open · Sep 19, 2026 · N429ES · Substantial damage
- [NTSB CEN26LA063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN26LA063.md): Mooney M20E · Gonzales, LA · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Dec 16, 2025 · N9081V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper pitch control that resulted in a hard landing, and his improper recovery from multiple bounced landings. Contributing to the accident was the safety pilot’s delayed response to the initial bounced landing which led to the runway excursion.
- [NTSB ERA25LA323](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA25LA323.md): Cessna 172 · Spring Hill, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Aug 22, 2025 · N2460A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing and substantial damage to the airplane’s fuselage.
- [NTSB CEN25LA095](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN25LA095.md): Cessna 172S · Waco, TX · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Feb 6, 2025 · N798SP · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s inadequate landing flare that led to a bounced landing, and her improper pitch control during the attempted recovery that resulted in a nose down pitch attitude upon the second touchdown.
- [NTSB ERA24LA364](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA364.md): Cessna 172 · Louisa, VA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Aug 22, 2024 · N72664 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA24LA317](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA317.md): Mooney M20J · Montauk, NY · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jul 14, 2024 · N8201R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain an appropriate glide path during the landing approach in terrain induced turbulence, resulting in a hard landing and subsequent runway excursion.
- [NTSB CEN24LA349](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN24LA349.md): Cessna 172R · Hooper, NE · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jun 23, 2024 · N988CP · Substantial damage
  > The solo student pilot’s unstable approach to the runway, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing
- [NTSB ERA24LA132](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA132.md): Piper PA-28RT-201 · Allentown, PA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Mar 8, 2024 · N3023K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain a proper descent rate during the final approach, resulting in a hard landing and collision with a runway edge light.
- [NTSB CEN23LA421](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA421.md): Cessna 172S · Midland, TX · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 22, 2023 · N391SP · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing, and the nose landing gear collapse.
- [NTSB CEN23LA256](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA256.md): Cessna 172R · Romeoville, IL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · May 23, 2023 · N674MA · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s failure to attain/maintain a proper landing flare and failure to perform a go-around that resulted in an impact with the runway.
- [NTSB ERA22LA435](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA435.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Clearwater, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 26, 2022 · N1434T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing. Contributing to the accident was the flight instructor’s delayed remedial action.
- [NTSB ERA22LA385](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA385.md): Cessna 172 · Kissimmee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Aug 25, 2022 · N9968F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare and subsequent improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in the nose landing gear impacting the runway.
- [NTSB WPR22LA167](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR22LA167.md): Cessna 172R · Redding, CA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Apr 25, 2022 · N9572W · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare and remedial action which resulted in a bounced landing.
- [NTSB WPR21LA198](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA198.md): Diamond Aircraft Ind DA 40 · Paris, ID · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · May 16, 2021 · N321PF · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare which resulted in a bounced landing, loss of directional control and collision with terrain.
- [NTSB ERA21LA092](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA092.md): Cessna 172S · Culpeper, VA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Dec 22, 2020 · N505LP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s decision to land the airplane in crosswind conditions that exceeded the airplane’s maximum demonstrated crosswind velocity.
- [NTSB ERA20CA263](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA20CA263.md): Cessna 172 · Prattville, AL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Data collection · Final report · Jul 5, 2020 · N173ME · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN20TA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN20TA025.md): Piper PA34 · Mount Pleasant, TX · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Final report · Nov 25, 2019 · N15412 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's hard, bounced landing and the flight instructor's delayed remedial action, which resulted in a fracture of the nose landing gear mounting structure.
- [NTSB GAA19CA590](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA590.md): Cessna 172 · St. Augustine, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 25, 2019 · N309BR · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a bounced, hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN19LA302](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN19LA302.md): Cessna 172 · La Grange, TX · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Sep 2, 2019 · N212BS · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA19CA503](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA503.md): Cessna 172 · Ocean City, MD · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 4, 2019 · N197ME · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare with a tailwind, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing.
- [NTSB GAA18CA464](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA18CA464.md): Cessna 172 · Spring, TX · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 26, 2018 · N865CP · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare in a crosswind, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA18CA589](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA18CA589.md): Piper PA28R · Camarillo, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Apr 23, 2018 · N9368N · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA17LA301](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA17LA301.md): Piper PA28R · Monroe, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 2017 · N3805T · Substantial damage
  > A hard landing at an unknown time.
- [NTSB GAA17CA263](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA263.md): Piper PA28R · Frankfort, KY · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · May 7, 2017 · N33006 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare and subsequent failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll in gusting crosswind conditions.
- [NTSB GAA17CA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA069.md): Cessna 172 · Danville, KY · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 4, 2016 · N456SP · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA17CA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA047.md): Piper PA 34 · Springfield, OH · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 15, 2016 · N55378 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s inadequate compensation for gusting wind during the landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA17CA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA025.md): Cessna 172 · Kapolei, HI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 5, 2016 · N429ES · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s use of an excessive pitch attitude during the landing flare, which resulted in a bounced landing.
- [NTSB GAA16CA472](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16CA472.md): Cessna 172 · Kahului, HI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 10, 2016 · N335SP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's incorrect pitch control during the landing flare, which resulted in a porpoise and hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN16LA206](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN16LA206.md): Beech A23-24 · Clintonville, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 30, 2016 · N5771V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain the proper glidepath during the night visual approach, which resulted in impact with a runway threshold light, and his improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's…
- [NTSB GAA16CA236](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16CA236.md): Piper PA 28R · Lee's Summit, MO · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · May 12, 2016 · N228NC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper pitch control after the landing flare, resulting in an aerodynamic stall, hard landing, and consequent substantial left wing damage.
- [NTSB GAA16CA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16CA059.md): Cessna 172R · Westminster, MD · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 16, 2015 · N26499 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain pitch control during the landing, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA15CA237](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA15CA237.md): Cessna 172 · Springfield, OH · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 23, 2015 · N691SP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper pitch control during landing, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA15CA119](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA15CA119.md): Cessna 172R · Beaver Falls, PA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · May 28, 2015 · N984WU · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain airplane attitude control during the landing, resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR14CA259](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR14CA259.md): Beech A23 24 · Sedona, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 21, 2014 · N3611Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate flare and failure to maintain directional control during the aborted landing.
- [NTSB ERA14CA273](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA14CA273.md): Cessna 172S · Harrisburg, PA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · May 23, 2014 · N193ME · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to compensate for wind conditions during landing, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN14CA191](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN14CA191.md): Cessna 172S · Albuquerque, NM · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Apr 8, 2014 · N5306U · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare that resulted in a bounced landing.
- [NTSB ERA14CA121](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA14CA121.md): Cessna 172R · Fort Pierce, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Feb 3, 2014 · N828BM · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA13CA436](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA13CA436.md): Beech A23 24 · Lumberton, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 29, 2013 · N7626R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN13CA289](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN13CA289.md): Cessna 172S · Ankeny, IA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · May 14, 2013 · N947SP · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA12CA242](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA12CA242.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · New Smyrna, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Mar 18, 2012 · N15764 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing. Contributing to the accident was the flight instructor's inadequate remedial action.
- [NTSB WPR11CA314](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR11CA314.md): Piper PA-28R-201 · Spanish Fork, UT · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 4, 2011 · N47869 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare, inadequate recovery from a bounced landing and failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB CEN11CA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN11CA104.md): Cessna 172R · Warrensburg, MO · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 2, 2010 · N465CM · Substantial damage
  > A hard landing for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB ERA11CA052](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA11CA052.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Cambridge, MD · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 23, 2010 · N56101 · Substantial damage
  > The commercial pilot’s inadequate flare during landing and the certificated flight instructor's delayed remedial action, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA10CA513](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10CA513.md): Piper PA34 · Northampton, MA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 23, 2010 · N56196 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB CEN10CA522](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN10CA522.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Berrien Springs, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 6, 2010 · N404SE · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's delayed remedial action, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN10LA303](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN10LA303.md): Piper PA-28R-180 · Kingfisher, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 6, 2010 · N7559J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate airspeed while landing, which led to an aerodynamic stall and a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR10CA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10CA086.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Nogales, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 3, 2009 · N2085T · Substantial damage
  > The student's improper landing flare and the flight instructor's inadequate remedial action.
- [NTSB CEN09LA424](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09LA424.md): Consolidated Aeronautics Lake LA-4-200 · Racine, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 4, 2009 · N56LA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare that resulted in a hard landing and subsequent separation of the airplane's sponson.
- [NTSB CEN09CA217](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09CA217.md): Cessna 172R · Lafayette, IN · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Mar 17, 2009 · N2382R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare. Contributing to the accident were the wind gusts.
- [NTSB CEN09CA199](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09CA199.md): Roach Neil Glasair SU · Tulsa, OK · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Mar 9, 2009 · N47NR · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, and the flight instructor's delayed remedial action.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/cases.md?engine=41515&page=2

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT x.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' x WHERE x.engine_model_code IN ('41515')
    AND EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e WHERE e.case_mkey = x.case_mkey AND e.aircrafts_position = x.position AND e."isDefiningEvent" AND e."tier2Number" = '092'))
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/cases?engine=41515

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