# NTSB investigations: Lycoming TI0-540 series: Hard landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

## Latest cases

- [NTSB ANC25LA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC25LA032.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Redding, CA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Mar 8, 2025 · N32371 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain a stabilized approach and his delayed action to perform a go-around, resulting in a collision with the runway surface.
- [NTSB WPR24LA303](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR24LA303.md): Cessna T206H · Big Bend-Gold Bar, WA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Aug 30, 2024 · N379ME · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA22LA195](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA195.md): Piper PA-32 · Carlisle, PA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Mar 18, 2022 · N4468X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in the airplane’s empennage impacting the runway surface during landing.
- [NTSB ERA22LA123](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA123.md): Britten-Norman BN-2A-9 · Culebra, PR · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Feb 15, 2022 · N821RR · Substantial damage
  > The flight crew’s failure to arrest the descent rate during the non-standard approach, which resulted in a hard landing and failure of the right-wing structure. Contributing was the flight instructor’s selection of a challenging approach for initial training.
- [NTSB CEN21LA111](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA111.md): Cessna T182T · Hollister, MO · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Nov 26, 2020 · N182PP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain proper airspeed control during an instrument approach in instrument meteorological conditions, which led to a bounced landing, collapsing the nose landing gear, and resulting in substantial damage.
- [NTSB CEN20CA232](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN20CA232.md): Piper PA46 · Ely, MN · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Data collection · Final report · Jun 16, 2020 · N27RZ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing and the nose landing gear collapse during a gusty landing.
- [NTSB GAA19CA518](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA518.md): Piper PA32RT · Ashland, OR · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 28, 2019 · N2228B · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a bounced, hard landing and propeller strike, and his subsequent loss of directional control.
- [NTSB GAA17CA354](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA354.md): Piper PA28 · Big Bear, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 4, 2017 · N9238W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing and a subsequent loss of directional control.
- [NTSB GAA17CA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA007.md): Cessna T182 · Galesburg, IL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 4, 2016 · N400KX · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a bounced, hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA16CA222](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16CA222.md): Piper PA32RT · Gainesville, GA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · May 5, 2016 · N4450S · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain an appropriate descent rate during the landing flare in gusty crosswind conditions, which resulted in a hard landing, left main landing gear collapse, and runway excursion.
- [NTSB WPR16LA073](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR16LA073.md): Cessna T206H · Billings, MT · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 8, 2016 · N562H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to attain a proper flare during landing in gusting wind conditions and low-level wind shear, which resulted in a hard landing and a subsequent loss of directional control.
- [NTSB GAA15CA287](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA15CA287.md): Piper PA 24 · West Bend, WI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 26, 2015 · N8583P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain his descent rate during the landing, which resulted in a hard landing and runway excursion.
- [NTSB WPR14CA077](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR14CA077.md): Cessna T182T · Hillsboro, OR · Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 25, 2013 · N3531F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's decision to continue the instrument approach beyond the published missed approach point.
- [NTSB CEN12CA486](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN12CA486.md): Mooney M20M · Heber Springs, AR · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 25, 2012 · N9145L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, which led to a bounced landing and a subsequent loss of control.
- [NTSB ERA10CA412](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10CA412.md): Mooney M20M · Poughkeepsie, NY · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 9, 2010 · N9153Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing, loss of directional control and runway excursion.
- [NTSB ERA10LA004](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10LA004.md): Piper PA-32R-300 · Whiteville, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 3, 2009 · N8809C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and subsequent hard landing during an intentional gear-up landing following multiple mechanical malfunctions. Also causal to the accident was an inoperative landing gear emergency-down valve which had blockage for undetermined…
- [NTSB ERA09CA217](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA09CA217.md): Piper PA-32R-300 · Middletown, DE · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 1, 2008 · N276 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control while landing in gusty conditions.
- [NTSB ERA09CA016](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA09CA016.md): Cessna 182T · Gulf Shores, AL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 6, 2008 · N22AS · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB WPR09LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09LA014.md): Piper PA-31-350 · Fresno, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 29, 2008 · N27996 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged the flare resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB NYC08CA272](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC08CA272.md): Piper PA32 · Charleston, SC · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 3, 2008 · N4376X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control while landing. Contributing to the accident was the crosswind condition and a wind gust, as reported by the pilot.

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT x.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' x WHERE x.engine_model_code IN ('41533')
    AND EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e WHERE e.case_mkey = x.case_mkey AND e.aircrafts_position = x.position AND e."isDefiningEvent" AND e."tier2Number" = '092'))
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/cases?engine=41533

---
OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.