# NTSB investigations: Lycoming IO-360-L2A: Hard landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 1 of 2 · 68 cases

## Latest cases

- [NTSB ERA27LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA27LA014.md): Textron 172S · Jacksonville, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Investigation open · Oct 16, 2026 · N234EP · Substantial damage
- [NTSB ERA26LA174](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA26LA174.md): Cessna 172S · The Rock, GA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Apr 13, 2026 · N63405 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard, porpoised landing.
- [NTSB ERA26LA103](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA26LA103.md): Cessna 172 · Atlanta, GA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jan 28, 2026 · N407MD · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA25LA306](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA25LA306.md): Cessna 172 · Baltimore, MD · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Aug 17, 2025 · N6208C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s inadequate landing flare at night, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA24LA281](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA281.md): Textron 172 · Chesapeake, VA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jun 13, 2024 · N272HF · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB ERA24LA398](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA398.md): Cessna 172 · St. Augustine, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · May 17, 2024 · N371RH · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare resulting in a hard, bounced landing.
- [NTSB ANC24LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC24LA010.md): Cessna 172 · Kapolei, HI · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Dec 12, 2023 · N172CN · Substantial damage
  > The first pilot’s failure to maintain a stabilized approach, in gusty crosswind conditions, in an environment favoring wake turbulence.
- [NTSB CEN23LA430](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA430.md): Cessna 172S · West Bend, WI · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 13, 2023 · N529ER · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s inadequate landing flare that resulted in a hard landing and impact with the runway.
- [NTSB ERA23LA159](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA23LA159.md): Textron 172S · Tuskegee, AL · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Oct 27, 2022 · N858AU · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor’s improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing and subsequent runway excursion.
- [NTSB CEN22LA281](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA281.md): Cessna 172S · Fargo, ND · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jun 19, 2022 · N5256S · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor’s failure to adequately monitor the pilot flying, which resulted in a nose-wheel first hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN22LA056](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA056.md): Cessna 172 · Madison, MS · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Nov 8, 2021 · N5321A · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s failure to maintain aircraft control following a bounced landing.
- [NTSB ERA21LA180](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA180.md): Cessna 172S · Orangeburg, SC · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Apr 6, 2021 · N22467 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN21LA066](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA066.md): Cessna 172 · Lawrence, KS · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Nov 20, 2020 · N99HV · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare/touchdown which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA20CA165](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA20CA165.md): Cessna 172 · New Symrna Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Data collection · Final report · Mar 30, 2020 · N957TC · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's delayed remedial action and decision to not go-around after a bounced landing, which resulted in an inadvertent stall and hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA20CA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA20CA078.md): Cessna 172 · Ormond Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 26, 2019 · N882TC · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA18CA425](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA18CA425.md): Cessna 172 · Batavia, OH · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 13, 2018 · N12064 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA17CA479](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA479.md): Cessna 172 · Santa Ana, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 29, 2017 · N1129K · Substantial damage
  > A hard landing and propeller strike for reasons that could not be determined based on the available evidence.
- [NTSB GAA17CA389](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA389.md): Cessna 172 · Shreveport, LA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 3, 2017 · N2173Z · Substantial damage
  > The student’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA17CA351](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA351.md): Cessna 172 · Lawrence, KS · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 10, 2017 · N99HV · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's incorrect control application during landing after a simulated engine failure, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing, and the flight instructor's delayed action to perform a go-around in gusting wind conditions.
- [NTSB GAA17CA229](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA229.md): Cessna 172 · San Marcos, TX · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Apr 6, 2017 · N2477F · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA17CA122](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA122.md): Cessna 172 · Punta Gorda, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jan 12, 2017 · N10897 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s failure to maintain proper pitch control, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing.
- [NTSB GAA17CA065](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA065.md): Cessna 172 · Sarasota, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 8, 2016 · N2272C · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA16CA343](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16CA343.md): Cessna 172 · Frederick, MD · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 29, 2016 · N2473G · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain pitch control during the touch down resulting in a bounced landing, subsequent hard landing and substantial damage to the firewall.
- [NTSB GAA16CA295](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16CA295.md): Cessna 172 · Thomson, GA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 8, 2016 · N124CK · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's incorrect landing flare and the flight instructor's delayed remedial action, which resulted in a hard landing, nose wheel collapse, and runway excursion.
- [NTSB GAA16CA208](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16CA208.md): Cessna 172 · Durant, OK · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Apr 27, 2016 · N35387 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot candidate's incorrect action performance by pulling the throttle off early and the subsequent failure to maintain the descent rate, resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA16CA158](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16CA158.md): Cessna 172 · Frederick, MD · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Mar 23, 2016 · N65329 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper pitch control during the landing flare, which resulted in a hard bounced landing.
- [NTSB GAA16CA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16CA104.md): Cessna 172 · Dothan, AL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jan 12, 2016 · N417ER · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-rated student's hard landing, which resulted in fuselage damage.
- [NTSB GAA15CA140](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA15CA140.md): Cessna 172 - S · Traverse City, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 25, 2015 · N195NW · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain pitch control during the landing, resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA15CA179](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA15CA179.md): Cessna 172R · Addison, TX · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 6, 2015 · N178AF · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain pitch control during the landing touchdown, resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA15CA046](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA15CA046.md): Cessna 172S · Naples, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Apr 19, 2015 · N100PM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airplane control, resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA14CA452](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA14CA452.md): Cessna 172S · Naples, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 14, 2014 · N21670 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's self-induced pressure to land due to the deteriorating weather conditions.
- [NTSB WPR14CA274](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR14CA274.md): Cessna 172 - R · Buckeye, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · May 19, 2014 · N1590W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA14CA109](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA14CA109.md): Cessna 172S · Immokalee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jan 27, 2014 · N21670 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA13CA335](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA13CA335.md): Cessna 172S · New Smyrna Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 22, 2013 · N121CW · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare and subsequent inadequate recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB WPR13CA332](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR13CA332.md): Cessna 172S · Santa Barbra, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 17, 2013 · N971TA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA12CA560](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA12CA560.md): Cessna 172S · Sebring, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 3, 2012 · N9965P · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA12CA569](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA12CA569.md): Cessna 172S · Farmingdale, NY · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 1, 2012 · N2409E · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN12CA426](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN12CA426.md): Cessna 172S · Grand Forks, ND · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 10, 2012 · N548ND · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s inadequate landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA12CA439](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA12CA439.md): Cessna 172S · Frederick, MD · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 17, 2012 · N387AF · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA12CA209](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA12CA209.md): Cessna 172S · Lafayette, TN · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Mar 4, 2012 · N53460 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s inadequate compensation for gusting crosswind conditions during landing, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA11CA516](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA11CA516.md): Cessna 172S · Westminster, MD · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 30, 2011 · N11019 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a loss of airplane control. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's improper approach airspeed for a short-field landing.
- [NTSB WPR11CA472](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR11CA472.md): Cessna 172R · Napa, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 28, 2011 · N21284 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA11CA490](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA11CA490.md): Cessna 172R · Naples, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 14, 2011 · N10632 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing and subsequent loss of directional control.
- [NTSB CEN11CA624](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN11CA624.md): Cessna 172S · Bemidji, MN · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 5, 2011 · N548ND · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN11LA386](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN11LA386.md): Cessna 172S · Grand Forks, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 13, 2011 · N539ND · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor’s delayed remedial action to the student pilot’s bounced landing and subsequent loss of aircraft control.
- [NTSB ERA11CA147](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA11CA147.md): Cessna 172S · Daytona Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Feb 15, 2011 · N378FA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate flare that resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN11CA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN11CA100.md): Cessna 172S · Lawrence, KS · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 7, 2010 · N99HV · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s non-stabilized approach and improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN10LA563](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN10LA563.md): Cessna 172S · Longmont, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 22, 2010 · N2459K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate landing flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB ERA10CA468](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10CA468.md): Cessna 172S · Frederick, MD · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 25, 2010 · N387AF · Substantial damage
  > Undetermined.
- [NTSB ERA10CA398](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10CA398.md): Cessna 172 · White Plains, NY · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 24, 2010 · N1166W · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare and the flight instructor's delayed remedial action resulting in a bounced landing.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/cases.md?engine=41597&page=2

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT x.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' x WHERE x.engine_model_code IN ('41597')
    AND EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e WHERE e.case_mkey = x.case_mkey AND e.aircrafts_position = x.position AND e."isDefiningEvent" AND e."tier2Number" = '092'))
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/cases?engine=41597

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