# NTSB investigations: Hard landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 22 of 25 · 1,250 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB ERA10CA143](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10CA143.md): Cessna 172P · Fort Pierce, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Feb 11, 2010 · N106JK · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare during landing.
- [NTSB WPR10LA117](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10LA117.md): Bell 47G-4A · Shafter, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 22, 2010 · N28938 · Substantial damage
  > The loss of a main rotor blade counterweight due to corrosion. Contributing to the accident was the failure of the operator to perform the initial and recurrent inspections required by a Service Bulletin to detect the corrosion in the counterweight.
- [NTSB WPR10CA109](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10CA109.md): Young Dee C Kitfox II · St. Anthony, ID · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jan 12, 2010 · N345DY · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR10WA114](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10WA114.md): Cessna 182 · Palau International Airport, Palau · Accident · No injuries · Class 5 · Foreign · Jan 4, 2010 · T8A182P · Substantial damage
  > On January 4, 2010, about 1300 Palau standard time, a Cessna 182P, registered T8A182P, with amphibian floats, landed hard on runway 09 at Palau International Airport, Republic of Palau. The airplane was registered to, and operated by, ABA Sky, Inc. The…
- [NTSB ANC10CA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC10CA010.md): Stinson 108-1 · Selawik, AK · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 18, 2009 · N136SP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain a proper descent rate during landing, resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR10WA148](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10WA148.md): Robinson R-44 · Montreal, Canada, Canada · Accident · Serious injuries · Foreign investigation · Dec 16, 2009 · C-GDSF · Substantial damage
  > On December 16, 2009, at 0720 eastern standard time, a Robinson R-44, Canadian registered C-GDSF, executed an emergency landing near the Bonaventure Highway, in Montreal, Canada. The pilot and passenger were seriously injured, and the helicopter was…
- [NTSB WPR10CA081](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10CA081.md): Cessna 182P · Payson, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 11, 2009 · N11PG · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR10CA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10CA086.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Nogales, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 3, 2009 · N2085T · Substantial damage
  > The student's improper landing flare and the flight instructor's inadequate remedial action.
- [NTSB WPR10CA077](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10CA077.md): Pilatus Britten-Norman BN-2B-26 · Pago Pago, Antarctica · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 30, 2009 · N27BN · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's action to maneuver the airplane to avoid a collision with a flock of birds while on final approach, resulting in a hard landing. Contributing to the accident were the birds.
- [NTSB ERA10CA075](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10CA075.md): Schweizer 269C-1 · Lebanon, PA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 20, 2009 · N321ET · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to arrest the helicopter descent during the simulated engine out maneuver resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA10CA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10CA069.md): Paradise USA Paradise P-1 Slsa LW · Plant City, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 17, 2009 · N917ZZ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare while landing, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR10CA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10CA058.md): Cameron Balloons US A-250 · Napa, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 11, 2009 · N4062M · No damage
  > The pilot's encounter with variable winds which resulted in a hard landing and passenger injury.
- [NTSB WPR10CA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10CA054.md): Cirrus SR20 · Santa Barbara, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 6, 2009 · N702TM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing and porpoise pilot induced oscillation.
- [NTSB WPR10CA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10CA042.md): Robinson Helicopter R22 Beta · Marsing, ID · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 31, 2009 · N74607 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate main rotor rpm during the approach and subsequent go-around and the certified flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the flight.
- [NTSB WPR10CA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10CA037.md): Socata TB200 · Edwards, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 24, 2009 · N3052N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare resulting in a hard landing. Contributing to the accident was the sunglare.
- [NTSB WPR10CA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10CA028.md): Eurocopter AS 350 B3 · Marana, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 22, 2009 · N105LN · Substantial damage
  > The improper use of the throttle by the pilot receiving instruction, and the check pilot's inadequate supervision and delayed remedial action, which resulted in the collision with terrain.
- [NTSB CEN10CA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN10CA025.md): Cessna 172S · Grand Forks, ND · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 20, 2009 · N519ND · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare and recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB ERA10LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10LA023.md): Mcdonnell Douglas Helicopter 369E · Winnsboro, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 19, 2009 · N502SL · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's failure to monitor the simulated emergency procedure, resulting in a hard landing. Contributing to the accident was the intentional throttle application by one of the flightcrew.
- [NTSB WPR10TA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10TA025.md): Mcdonnell Douglas Helicopter 500N · Los Alamitos, CA · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Oct 16, 2009 · N521HB · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's delayed remedial action during the instructional autorotative landing, which resulted in a failure to maintain an adequate rotor rpm to avoid a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR10TA016](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10TA016.md): MD Helicopter 600 · San Diego, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Oct 12, 2009 · N613BP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate main rotor rpm during an autorotation, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN10CA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN10CA017.md): Cameron Z77 · Albuquerque, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 8, 2009 · N4502V · Minor damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain control of the balloon during the approach and landing.
- [NTSB ERA10LA004](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10LA004.md): Piper PA-32R-300 · Whiteville, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 3, 2009 · N8809C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and subsequent hard landing during an intentional gear-up landing following multiple mechanical malfunctions. Also causal to the accident was an inoperative landing gear emergency-down valve which had blockage for undetermined…
- [NTSB ERA09LA538](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA09LA538.md): Bombardier CL-600-2B16 · Vineyard Haven, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 27, 2009 · N190MP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare while landing in gusting wind, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR09FA464](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09FA464.md): Eurocopter AS 350 B3 · Tucson, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Sep 25, 2009 · N103LN · Substantial damage
  > The loss of directional control for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB WPR09CA448](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09CA448.md): Robinson Helicopter R22 · Irvine, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 15, 2009 · N796SH · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's failure to maintain an adequate airspeed and his delayed recovery action during the practice autorotation, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR09LA445](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09LA445.md): Cessna 182K · Chemehuevi Valley, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 11, 2009 · N2819R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare while landing with a tailwind, resulting in a bounced landing.
- [NTSB WPR09CA441](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09CA441.md): Cessna T210H · Avalon, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 5, 2009 · N2242R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed during approach to landing, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN09CA554](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09CA554.md): Socata TBM 700 · Ann Arbor, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 29, 2009 · N715V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's hard landing during gusty wind conditions.
- [NTSB ERA09LA549](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA09LA549.md): Cessna 172P · Pensacola, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 20, 2009 · N64344 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR09GA397](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09GA397.md): Eurocopter AS 350 B2 · Lancaster, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Final report · Aug 13, 2009 · N217LA · Substantial damage
  > The pilots’ decision to conduct a practice autorotation at low altitude in high density altitude conditions and their failure to attain and maintain an appropriate descent rate. Contributing to the accident was the high density altitude and the pilots’…
- [NTSB CEN09CA485](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09CA485.md): Taylorcraft BC12-65 · Flushing, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 31, 2009 · N77FJ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate descent rate and airspeed on final resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN09CA478](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09CA478.md): P&M Quik GT450 · Oshkosh, WI · Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 30, 2009 · N703PM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB WPR09CA375](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09CA375.md): Robinson Helicopter R22 Beta · Troutdale, OR · Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 29, 2009 · N7176W · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's failure to maintain adequate main rotor RPM.
- [NTSB WPR09CA377](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09CA377.md): Robinson Helicopter R22 Beta · Troutdale, OR · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 27, 2009 · N8340S · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper use of the collective control and the flight instructor’s delayed reaction to the student pilot’s incorrect control inputs.
- [NTSB ERA09LA427](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA09LA427.md): Piper PA-34-200T · Mount Holly, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 27, 2009 · N1494X · Substantial damage
  > A hard landing on an unknown date, resulting in damage to the left main landing gear support fitting.
- [NTSB ERA09FA414](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA09FA414.md): Hughes 369 · Franklin, PA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jul 22, 2009 · N61735 · Substantial damage
  > A loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion as a result of the pilot's fuel mismanagement.
- [NTSB WPR09CA360](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09CA360.md): Robinson R22 Beta · Jerome, AZ · Accident · Serious injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 21, 2009 · N747ER · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate main rotor rpm's, and the certified flight instructor’s inadequate supervision of the flight.
- [NTSB WPR09CA359](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09CA359.md): Schweizer SGS-2-33A · Truckee, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 19, 2009 · N65825 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed to avoid a stall during final approach to land. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s lack of experience.
- [NTSB ANC09CA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC09CA067.md): Cessna A185F · Skwentna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 6, 2009 · N4448R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to recognize his proximity to the glassy water landing surface while flying in smoke haze, and his failure to maintain a proper descent rate during the landing approach.
- [NTSB CEN09LA424](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09LA424.md): Consolidated Aeronautics Lake LA-4-200 · Racine, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 4, 2009 · N56LA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare that resulted in a hard landing and subsequent separation of the airplane's sponson.
- [NTSB CEN09CA404](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09CA404.md): Cessna 172S · Grand Forks, ND · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 2, 2009 · N538ND · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare that resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN09CA402](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09CA402.md): Cessna 172S · Grand Forks, ND · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 2, 2009 · N525ND · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare and recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB WPR09CA322](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09CA322.md): Diamond Aircraft Ind DA 20-C1 · Spanish Fork, UT · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 1, 2009 · N765DC · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare.
- [NTSB CEN09CA397](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09CA397.md): Weatherhead Peter L Stol CH 701 · Hayward, WI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 29, 2009 · N861SD · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare resulting in a hard landing during gusty wind conditions. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's lack of experience with the accident airplane.
- [NTSB WPR09CA311](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09CA311.md): Maule M-5-235C · Dixie, ID · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 25, 2009 · N725V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain an adequate airspeed while landing.
- [NTSB CEN09LA389](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09LA389.md): Piper PA-31T1 · St. Louis, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 25, 2009 · N701PT · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to establish and maintain a stabilized final approach which resulted in a hard landing and runway overrun.
- [NTSB WPR09CA306](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09CA306.md): Jenkins Jack Glastar SP · Coupeville, WA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 22, 2009 · N5617 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare that resulted in a hard landing on soft/grassy terrain.
- [NTSB ERA09CA362](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA09CA362.md): Cessna T206H · Columbus, GA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 21, 2009 · N6075M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR09LA302](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR09LA302.md): Mooney M20TN · San Jose, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 20, 2009 · N411JL · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare in gusting wind conditions resulting in a collision with an airport sign.
- [NTSB CEN09CA358](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09CA358.md): Aerostar International RX-9 · Marathon City, WI · Accident · Serious injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 14, 2009 · N9116M · Minor damage
  > A hard landing as a result of unexpected high winds and gusts.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/cases.md?page=23

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT e.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e WHERE e."isDefiningEvent" AND e."tier2Number" = '092')
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/cases?page=22

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