# NTSB investigations: Hard landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 4 of 25 · 1,250 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB WPR24LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR24LA058.md): Cessna 172P · Las Cruces, NM · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Nov 27, 2023 · N5495K · Substantial damage
  > An encounter with a downdraft during an approach to land, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA24LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA045.md): Bell 407 · Chesterfield, VA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Nov 16, 2023 · N26VA · Substantial damage
  > A hard landing, which resulted in a main rotor strike of the left vertical stablizer.
- [NTSB CEN24LA070](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN24LA070.md): Helicopteres Guimbal Cabri G2 · Claremore, OK · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Nov 8, 2023 · N522TF · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor’s failure to maintain sufficient rotor speed during a practice autorotation which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA24LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA035.md): Piper PA18 · Tompkinsville, KY · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Nov 4, 2023 · N4056Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed during the approach, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR24LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR24LA019.md): Cameron Balloons U S A-315 · Albuquerque, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 14, 2023 · N315RR · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s inability to maintain control of the balloon during landing due to unforecasted windshear and turbulent air.
- [NTSB WPR24LA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR24LA011.md): Cameron Balloons US A-105 · Albuquerque, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 8, 2023 · N105BM · No damage
  > A hard landing to a short field, due to windy conditions and a lack of suitable alternate landing areas, which resulted in a passenger sustaining a broken ankle.
- [NTSB ERA24LA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA013.md): Costruzioni Aeronautiche Tecna P2010 · Chesterfield, VA · Accident · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 5, 2023 · N143TU · Substantial damage
  > A hard landing that resulted in substantial damage to the airplane’s right wing.
- [NTSB WPR24LA006](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR24LA006.md): Ultramagic N-300 · Phoenix, AZ · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 3, 2023 · N27MU · No damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN23LA421](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA421.md): Cessna 172S · Midland, TX · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 22, 2023 · N391SP · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing, and the nose landing gear collapse.
- [NTSB ERA23LA376](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA23LA376.md): Embraer S A EMB-545 · St. Simons Island, GA · Accident · No injuries · Class 2 · Limited · Final report · Sep 21, 2023 · N434FX · Substantial damage
  > The control laws of the angle of attack limiter protection system, which precluded the system from disengaging during an approach in gusting wind conditions, limiting the flight crew’s ability to control the airplane’s pitch and resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB DCA23WA467](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA23WA467.md): Boeing 767 · Beirut, Lebanon · Occurrence · Class 5 · Foreign · Sep 18, 2023 · A9C-OHAB · Substantial damage
- [NTSB CEN23LA430](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA430.md): Cessna 172S · West Bend, WI · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 13, 2023 · N529ER · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s inadequate landing flare that resulted in a hard landing and impact with the runway.
- [NTSB CEN23LA404](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA404.md): Mcdonnell Douglas Helicopter 369E · Arcola, TX · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 7, 2023 · N8372F · Substantial damage
  > The instructor’s failure to re-apply engine power during a power recovery after a practice autorotation which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN23LA397](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA397.md): Titanium Auto Gyro Titanium Explorer · Falcon, CO · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 4, 2023 · N467TE · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to establish a proper airspeed before becoming airborne, which resulted in an inability to climb out of ground effect and subsequent hard landing. Contributing to the accident was high-density altitude.
- [NTSB CEN23LA389](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA389.md): Mcdonnell Douglas Heli 530FF · Liberty Hill, TX · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Aug 31, 2023 · N530JR · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper recovery from a practice autorotation resulting in a hard landing. Contributing to the accident was the instructor’s inadequate supervision of the pilot receiving instruction.
- [NTSB WPR23LA327](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23LA327.md): Cessna 310Q · Santa Fe, NM · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Aug 27, 2023 · N117TC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare following an unstable approach, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN23LA377](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA377.md): Air Tractor AT-502 · Great Bend, ND · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Aug 15, 2023 · N9082C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s hard landing on a road and subsequent loss of control, resulting in the airplane impacting a ditch.
- [NTSB CEN23LA358](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA358.md): Robinson Helicopter R22 Beta · Sevierville, TN · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Aug 9, 2023 · N798MG · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor’s improper flight control inputs during the practice hovering autorotation that resulted in a loss of control and impact with terrain.
- [NTSB WPR23LA360](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23LA360.md): Cessna 182Q · Aurora, OR · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Aug 7, 2023 · N4757N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing.
- [NTSB CEN23LA355](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA355.md): Cessna 172S · Waco, TX · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Aug 7, 2023 · N6319G · Substantial damage
  > The solo student pilot’s improper descent path which resulted in a hard landing on the nose wheel and subsequent bounced landing.
- [NTSB CEN23LA354](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA354.md): Cessna 172S · Clewiston, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Aug 2, 2023 · N1403R · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing on the nose landing gear. Contributing to the accident was the flight instructor’s inadequate supervision of the student pilot.
- [NTSB DCA23LA384](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA23LA384.md): Boeing 767-322 · Houston, TX · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Jul 29, 2023 · N641UA · Substantial damage
  > The first officer’s improper control inputs after the airplane touched down. Contributing to the severity of the damage was the flight crew’s lack of recognition that the speedbrakes were not armed, which led to their delayed deployment.
- [NTSB WPR23LA291](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23LA291.md): Cessna A185F · Friday Habor, WA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jul 28, 2023 · N185GG · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s loss of directional control during landing, which resulted in a ground loop.
- [NTSB CEN23LA323](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA323.md): Vans RV-10 · Oshkosh, WI · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jul 20, 2023 · N917CM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA23WA219](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA23WA219.md): Cessna 206 · Tuzla, Romania · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 5 · Foreign · Jul 15, 2023 · F-HGAZ · Destroyed
- [NTSB CEN23LA325](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA325.md): Ultramagic N-210 · Erie, CO · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jul 14, 2023 · N1958S · No damage
  > A hard landing due to the high wind conditions which resulted in two passengers sustaining serious injuries.
- [NTSB CEN23LA305](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA305.md): Adams Balloon AB · Lafayette, CO · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jul 14, 2023 · N895FA · No damage
  > An inadvertent hard landing in high wind conditions resulting in serious injury of two passengers. Contributing to the accident was the increase in prevailing winds prior to the forecast.
- [NTSB CEN23LA302](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA302.md): Arbc Inc DBA Lindstrand 260A · Custer, SD · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jul 12, 2023 · N605KD · No damage
  > The pilot’s weather encounter that resulted in a high speed landing, the balloon tipping over, and serious injury to a passenger.
- [NTSB CEN23LA293](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA293.md): Aerostar International RX 8 · Canandaigua, NY · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jul 8, 2023 · N9184D · No damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain the proper descent rate during the balloon’s approach to landing, which resulted in a hard landing, the passenger’s leg hitting the gas tank, and serious injury.
- [NTSB ERA23LA299](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA23LA299.md): Cessna 182 · Richmond, VA · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Jul 7, 2023 · N759HD · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s delay in performing a go-around after a likely encounter with low-level wind shear, resulting in a hard landing. Contributing to the accident were the pilot’s failure to recognize the severity of the actual and forecasted weather near the airport…
- [NTSB CEN23LA292](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA292.md): Cessna 172R · Burlington, VT · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jul 5, 2023 · N64AF · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing and the flight instructor’s delayed remedial action.
- [NTSB WPR23LA365](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23LA365.md): Cessna R172E · Alamogordo, NM · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jun 28, 2023 · N7881N · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain control of the airplane during the landing.
- [NTSB WPR23LA238](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23LA238.md): Piper PA-28-181 · Mesa, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jun 17, 2023 · N28034 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR23LA230](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23LA230.md): Vans RV6A · Mimbres, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jun 11, 2023 · N60605 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s inflight loss of control while landing with wind gusts that resulted in a hard landing and subsequent nose over.
- [NTSB ERA23LA269](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA23LA269.md): Bell 206B · Orlando, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jun 5, 2023 · N27UK · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare during a practice autorotation, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN23LA229](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA229.md): Piper J3C-65 · Salem, WI · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jun 5, 2023 · N42220 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing and the left main landing gear collapse.
- [NTSB CEN23LA215](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA215.md): Zenith 750 · Forest Lake, MN · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jun 1, 2023 · N827LC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain aircraft control during the approach to land that resulted in an excessive descent rate and impact with the runway.
- [NTSB WPR23LA209](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23LA209.md): Pipistrel Doo Ajdovscina Virus SW · Santa Fe, NM · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · May 30, 2023 · N69PV · Substantial damage
  > An encounter with a downdraft during landing that resulted in a hard landing and the pilot’s loss of control.
- [NTSB CEN23LA256](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA256.md): Cessna 172R · Romeoville, IL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · May 23, 2023 · N674MA · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s failure to attain/maintain a proper landing flare and failure to perform a go-around that resulted in an impact with the runway.
- [NTSB CEN23LA200](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA200.md): Flight Design Ctsw · Gregory, MI · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · May 23, 2023 · N165CT · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare that resulted in a hard, bounced landing and subsequent overstress failure of the nose landing gear.
- [NTSB CEN23LA199](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA199.md): Bell Helicopter Textron Canada 407 · Abbeville, LA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · May 23, 2023 · N451PH · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain proper helicopter control during autorotation that resulted in an abnormal ground contact which caused the subsequent main rotor strike on the tail boom that severed the tail rotor driveshaft. Contributing to the accident was…
- [NTSB ANC23LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC23LA038.md): Aerospatiale AS350B2 · Honolulu, HI · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · May 22, 2023 · N745RH · Substantial damage
  > The instructor pilot’s inadequate supervision of the pilot receiving instruction, which resulted in a hard landing, and substantial damage to the tail boom.
- [NTSB CEN23LA213](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA213.md): Piper PA-28-235 · Ray, MI · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · May 20, 2023 · N586SB · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor’s failure to maintain airplane control during simulated engine-out procedures. Contributing to the accident was the flight instructor’s decision to land with a tailwind.
- [NTSB WPR23LA191](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23LA191.md): Robinson Helicopter R22 · Spanish Fork, UT · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · May 15, 2023 · N227WM · Substantial damage
  > The instructor pilot’s improper landing flare during a straight-in autorotation, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR23LA169](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23LA169.md): Remos Acft Gmbh Flugzeugbau Remos GX · Glendale, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Apr 27, 2023 · N76GX · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing and the flight instructor’s delayed remedial action.
- [NTSB GAA23WA131](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA23WA131.md): Cirrus SR22 · Bankstown, Australia · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 5 · Foreign · Apr 17, 2023 · VH-XGR · Substantial damage
- [NTSB ERA23LA213](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA23LA213.md): Textron 172 · West Mifflin, PA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Apr 13, 2023 · N544TH · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s improper landing flare, and the flight instructor’s delayed remedial action, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB WPR23LA182](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23LA182.md): Schempp-Hirth DISCUS-2B · Marana, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Apr 2, 2023 · N774JP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard bounced landing in a dust devil.
- [NTSB ERA23LA177](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA23LA177.md): Diamond Aircraft Ind DA 42 NG · Leesburg, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Mar 31, 2023 · N306ER · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor’s delayed remedial action, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN23LA148](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA148.md): Cessna 550 · Oklahoma City, OK · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Mar 27, 2023 · N550DW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing, runway excursion, and subsequent collision with a runway sign. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s lack of experience in the airplane, the unstabilized approach, and…

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/cases.md?page=5

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT e.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e WHERE e."isDefiningEvent" AND e."tier2Number" = '092')
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/cases?page=4

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