# Placards and markings - Type: NTSB finding section - Path: [Aircraft](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01) › [Aircraft handling/service](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/0101) › Placards and markings - NTSB code: 010111 - Cases: 11 - In the probable cause: 9 - Fatal cases: 1 - All cases: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/010111/cases.md - Cases with it in the probable cause: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/010111/cases.md?cause=1 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/010111 ## Cases per year (in the probable cause / all) - 2009: 2 / 3 - 2010: 1 / 1 - 2011: 1 / 1 - 2012: 1 / 1 - 2015: 2 / 2 - 2018: 1 / 1 - 2021: 1 / 2 ## Findings - [Placards and markings, general](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01011100): 11 cases, 9 in the probable cause ## Defining events in these cases - [Loss of engine power (total)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341): 3 cases - [Loss of engine power (partial)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342): 2 cases - [Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240): 2 cases - [Fuel starvation](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/191): 2 cases - [Ground collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200): 1 cases - [Fuel contamination](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/193): 1 cases ## Aircraft models (registry) - [Smith AEROSTAR 601P](https://openairdocs.org/model/smith-aerostar-601p): 1 cases - [Silvaire LUSCOMBE 8A](https://openairdocs.org/model/silvaire-luscombe-8a): 1 cases - [Luscombe 8A](https://openairdocs.org/model/luscombe-8a): 1 cases - [Piper PA-28R-200](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28r-200): 1 cases - [Pilatus PC-12/45](https://openairdocs.org/model/pilatus-pc-12-45): 1 cases - [Cessna 210](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-210): 1 cases - [Cessna 172N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172n): 1 cases - [Beech C35](https://openairdocs.org/model/beech-c35): 1 cases - [Beech 23](https://openairdocs.org/model/beech-23): 1 cases - [Kohout J Michael GLASAIR III](https://openairdocs.org/model/kohout-j-michael-glasair-iii): 1 cases ## Other findings in the same cases - [Fuel](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071010) (Aircraft): 6 cases - [Aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040) (Personnel issues): 2 cases - [Preflight inspection](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02061510) (Personnel issues): 2 cases - [Lack of action](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030) (Personnel issues): 2 cases - [Descent/approach/glide path](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062040) (Aircraft): 2 cases - [Scheduled maint checks](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01010520) (Aircraft): 2 cases - [Tree(s)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020) (Environmental issues): 1 cases - [Object/animal/substance, general](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022000) (Environmental issues): 1 cases - [Unauthorized maint/repair](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02062040) (Personnel issues): 1 cases - [Fuel planning](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02061030) (Personnel issues): 1 cases ## Newest cases - [NTSB CEN22LA040](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA040), Nov 15, 2021: Beech 23 (N8701M), Abilene, TX, substantial damage. Probable cause: The flight instructor’s inadequate fuel management, which resulted in a loss of engine power due to fuel starvation. Contributing to the accident was the missing placard showing the usable fuel… - [NTSB CEN21LA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA145), Feb 25, 2021: Quicksilver Mxii (UNREG), Hattiesburg, MS, substantial damage. Probable cause: The total loss of engine power for undetermined reasons and the pilot’s failure to maintain clearance from the trees during the subsequent forced landing resulting in an impact with trees and terrain. - [NTSB CEN18LA209](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN18LA209), Jun 1, 2018: Luscombe 8A (N72066), Longview, TX, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to use carburetor heat for takeoff, which resulted in an interruption of continuous fuel flow to the engine and a loss of engine power during climb. Also causal was the lack of… - [NTSB CEN15LA436](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN15LA436), Sep 26, 2015: Beech C35 (N1990D), Belen, NM, substantial damage. Probable cause: The total loss of engine power due to contamination in the fuel system. - [NTSB WPR15LA141](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR15LA141), Apr 4, 2015: Piper PA 28R-200 (N5469T), Santa Maria, CA, substantial damage. Probable cause: The engine failure due to oil starvation, which resulted from the installation of an unapproved oil quick drain valve that subsequently led to the inadvertent draining of the oil when the nose… - [NTSB ERA13LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA13LA053), Nov 11, 2012: Cessna 210 (N9633T), Jasper, GA, substantial damage. Probable cause: A loss of engine power due to fuel starvation as a result of the pilot’s prolonged sideslip maneuvers during the descent to landing. Contributing to the accident was the airplane’s lack of a required… - [NTSB ERA11LA388](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA11LA388), Jul 4, 2011: Cessna 172N (N109DP), Orange Beach, AL, substantial damage. Probable cause: The operation of the airplane using unapproved fuels, which resulted in abnormal combustion and subsequent damage to the No. 3 cylinder. Contributing to the accident was the inadequate 100-hour… - [NTSB CEN10LA425](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN10LA425), Jul 22, 2010: Smith Aerostar (N601AT), Cleburne, TX, destroyed. Probable cause: A total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation as a result of the pilot’s improper fuel management. Contributing to the accident were the critical fuel placards that were difficult to see due to… - [NTSB ERA09LA370](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA09LA370), Jun 26, 2009: Michael J. Kohout Glassair III (N2YT), Manassas, VA, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control while attempting an emergency landing after takeoff. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's inadequate preflight inspection and distraction due… - [NTSB ERA09LA357](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA09LA357), Jun 19, 2009: Luscombe 8 (N41915), Chipley, FL, substantial damage. Probable cause: A partial loss of power due to the use of automotive gasoline that contained ethanol, which was prohibited by the operating limitations. Contributing to the accident was the pilot/owner's failure to… NTSB has coded findings and defining events since 2008; earlier cases used its older occurrence and cause codes and aren't counted. Findings: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings.md. Defining events: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events.md. Phases of flight: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases.md. Every investigation, filtered by finding, event, phase, state, year or model: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md (for example ?state=MI&fatal=1). NTSB's definitions: Accident and incident, 49 CFR 830.2 (https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-VIII/part-830/subpart-A/section-830.2), CICTT occurrence categories (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/OccurrenceCategoryDefinitions.pdf), CICTT phases of flight (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/PhaseofFlightDefinitions.pdf), and NTSB coding manual, before 2008 (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). NTSB publishes no definitions for its findings, only their names. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.