# Motivation/respond to pressure - Type: NTSB finding subsection - Path: [Personnel issues](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02) › [Psychological](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/0202) › [Personality/attitude](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/020210) › Motivation/respond to pressure - NTSB code: 02021025 - Cases: 53 - In the probable cause: 46 - Fatal cases: 28 - All cases: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021025/cases.md - Cases with it in the probable cause: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021025/cases.md?cause=1 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021025 ## Cases per year (in the probable cause / all) - 2008: 4 / 4 - 2010: 1 / 1 - 2011: 3 / 3 - 2012: 2 / 2 - 2013: 5 / 5 - 2015: 3 / 3 - 2016: 5 / 8 - 2017: 6 / 7 - 2018: 5 / 5 - 2019: 3 / 3 - 2020: 1 / 2 - 2021: 4 / 6 - 2022: 2 / 2 - 2023: 1 / 1 - 2025: 1 / 1 ## Defining events in these cases - [VFR encounter with IMC](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/401): 13 cases - [Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240): 13 cases - [Fuel exhaustion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/192): 4 cases - [Landing area overshoot](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/380): 3 cases - [Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230): 3 cases - [Controlled flight into terr/obj (CFIT)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/120): 3 cases - [Collision during takeoff/land](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490): 2 cases - [Low altitude operation/event](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/220): 2 cases - [Miscellaneous/other](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900): 1 cases - [Loss of visual reference](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/402): 1 cases ## Aircraft models (registry) - [Cessna 172N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172n): 3 cases - [Eurocopter AS 350 B2](https://openairdocs.org/model/eurocopter-as-350-b2): 2 cases - [Robinson Helicopter R44](https://openairdocs.org/model/robinson-helicopter-r44): 2 cases - [Piper PA-28-140](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28-140): 2 cases - [Cessna 172S](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172s): 2 cases - [Eurocopter France AS350B2](https://openairdocs.org/model/eurocopter-france-as350b2): 1 cases - [Eurocopter AS 350 B3](https://openairdocs.org/model/eurocopter-as-350-b3): 1 cases - [Sikorsky S-76B](https://openairdocs.org/model/sikorsky-s-76b): 1 cases - [Robinson Helicopter R44 II](https://openairdocs.org/model/robinson-helicopter-r44-ii): 1 cases - [Piper PA-32RT-300T](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-32rt-300t): 1 cases ## Other findings in the same cases - [Decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520) (Personnel issues): 32 cases - [Aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040) (Personnel issues): 26 cases - [Spatial disorientation](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022025) (Personnel issues): 14 cases - [Performance/control parameters, general](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062000) (Aircraft): 13 cases - [Clouds](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035025) (Environmental issues): 8 cases - [Low ceiling](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035010) (Environmental issues): 7 cases - [Fuel](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071010) (Aircraft): 7 cases - [Below VFR minima](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035075) (Environmental issues): 6 cases - [Fog](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035055) (Environmental issues): 5 cases - [Dark](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03036020) (Environmental issues): 4 cases ## Newest cases - [NTSB ERA25LA251](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA25LA251), Jun 27, 2025: Piper PA-22-135 (N3228B), Elberta, AL, substantial damage. Probable cause: Pilot’s decision to take off from a wet and unmaintained field that was unsuitable for airplane operations, resulting in a loss of control and subsequent nose over. Contributing was the pilot’s… - [NTSB CEN23FA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23FA190), May 17, 2023: Beech E-90 (N522MJ), Winslow, AR, destroyed, 1 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s poor preflight decision to depart into known instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) without a functional autopilot system, which resulted in spatial disorientation and his failure to… - [NTSB CEN23LA091](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA091), Dec 20, 2022: Cessna 150G (N2930J), Pocahantas, IA, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s landing flare which resulted in a bounced landing and the nose landing gear collapsing. Contributing to the accident was the airplane's encounter with adverse weather conditions which led… - [NTSB ERA22FA314](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22FA314), Jul 15, 2022: Cessna 210C (N3659Y), Shelby, MI, destroyed, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The non-instrument rated pilot’s decision to commence the flight in instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in spatial disorientation and a subsequent loss of airplane control.… - [NTSB WPR21LA348](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA348), Sep 19, 2021: Cessna 172N (N4977G), Grass Valley, CA, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to attain a proper touchdown point on the runway while landing in gusting wind conditions, which resulted in a runway overrun. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s… - [NTSB WPR21FA286](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21FA286), Jul 26, 2021: Bombardier CL-600-2B16 (N605TR), Truckee, CA, destroyed, 6 fatal. Probable cause: The first officer’s (FO’s) improper decision to attempt to salvage an unstabilized approach by executing a steep left turn to realign the airplane with the runway centerline, and the captain’s… - [NTSB CEN21FA297](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21FA297), Jun 30, 2021: Earthstar Gull 2000 (N1712L), Curtiss, WI, substantial damage, 1 fatal. Probable cause: The non-instrument-rated pilot’s decision to depart into instrument meteorological conditions with dense fog and low clouds, which resulted in spatial disorientation and a loss of airplane control.… - [NTSB CEN21LA293](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA293), Jun 25, 2021: Piper PA-28-140 (N4216J), Porter, TX, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s decision to continue the takeoff with degraded engine performance, which resulted in an inability to climb and a subsequent forced landing. The reason for the engine’s degraded… - [NTSB ERA21LA208](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA208), May 5, 2021: Israel Aerospace Industries Gulfstream G150 (N22ST), Ridgeland, SC, substantial damage. Probable cause: The flight crew’s continuation of an unstable approach and the failure of the ground air brakes to deploy upon touchdown, both of which resulted in the runway overrun. Contributing was the crew’s… - [NTSB ERA21FA189](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21FA189), Apr 21, 2021: Piper PA-28RT-201T (N4303G), Brownsville, TN, destroyed, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The student pilot’s continued visual flight rules flight into night instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in spatial disorientation and a rapid uncontrolled descent into terrain.… NTSB has coded findings and defining events since 2008; earlier cases used its older occurrence and cause codes and aren't counted. Findings: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings.md. Defining events: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events.md. Phases of flight: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases.md. Every investigation, filtered by finding, event, phase, state, year or model: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md (for example ?state=MI&fatal=1). NTSB's definitions: Accident and incident, 49 CFR 830.2 (https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-VIII/part-830/subpart-A/section-830.2), CICTT occurrence categories (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/OccurrenceCategoryDefinitions.pdf), CICTT phases of flight (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/PhaseofFlightDefinitions.pdf), and NTSB coding manual, before 2008 (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). NTSB publishes no definitions for its findings, only their names. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.