# NTSB investigations: Perception

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 1 of 2 · 61 cases

## Latest cases

- [NTSB CEN25LA140](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN25LA140.md): Air Tractor AT-802A · Cash, AR · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Mar 28, 2025 · N41687 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain clearance from an excavator during low-altitude aerial application operations.
- [NTSB WPR25LA110](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR25LA110.md): Robinson Helicopter R44 II · Las Vegas, NV · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Mar 10, 2025 · N44KY · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s loss of helicopter control after the door opened during takeoff. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s failure to confirm that the door was properly closed before departure.
- [NTSB DCA25LA117](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA25LA117.md): Boeing 737-832 · Seattle, WA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Feb 5, 2025 · N3737C · 2 aircraft · Substantial damage
  > The Japan Airlines flight crew’s failure to maintain adequate clearance from the parked Delta Air Lines aircraft while taxiing in congested ramp conditions.
- [NTSB WPR25LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR25LA036.md): Cessna 180 · Owinza, ID · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 13, 2024 · N9493C
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain clearance from the water during a low pass over a lake.
- [NTSB CEN24LA279](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN24LA279.md): Evolution Revolt · Rochelle, IL · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jul 21, 2024 · N798EE · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain terrain clearance during a low-level turn, that resulted in an impact with the ground.
- [NTSB ERA24FA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24FA104.md): Beech V35 · Clearwater, FL · Accident · 3 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Feb 2, 2024 · N6659L · Destroyed
  > An in-flight engine compartment fire due to a partially loose flexible fuel hose b-nut at the fuel metering unit. Contributing to the severity of the accident was the pilot’s inability to visually identify the destination airport at night, which prolonged the…
- [NTSB DCA24LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA24LA043.md): Boeing 787 · Chicago, IL · Incident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 19, 2023 · N30913 · Minor damage
  > The flight crew’s misperception of the distance required to safely pass the hangar and failure to request additional ground handling support while taxiing, which resulted in a collision with a hangar. Contributing to the accident was United Airlines…
- [NTSB CEN23LA377](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA377.md): Air Tractor AT-502 · Great Bend, ND · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Aug 15, 2023 · N9082C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s hard landing on a road and subsequent loss of control, resulting in the airplane impacting a ditch.
- [NTSB CEN23LA357](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA357.md): Piper PA25 · Hartington, NE · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Aug 8, 2023 · N8847L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s misperception of the rising terrain resulting in a collision with crops and terrain.
- [NTSB CEN23LA350](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA350.md): Bell 206 · Carthage, IL · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Aug 6, 2023 · N288AE · Substantial damage
  > A collision with a fence during landing due to the crew’s reduced distance estimation and depth perception while using night vision goggles. Contributing to the accident was the low moon angle, which made viewing the fence more challenging.
- [NTSB CEN23MA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23MA034.md): Boeing B17 · Dallas, TX · Accident · 6 fatal · Class 1 · Major · Final report · Nov 12, 2022 · N7227C · 2 aircraft · Destroyed
  > the air boss’s and air show event organizer’s lack of an adequate, prebriefed aircraft separation plan for the air show performance, relying instead on the air boss’s real-time deconfliction directives and the see-and-avoid strategy for collision avoidance,…
- [NTSB ERA22LA352](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA352.md): Cirrus Design SR20 · Nixon, PA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Aug 3, 2022 · N459BT · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control while landing, resulting in a runway excursion. Contributing to the outcome was the pilot’s failure to ensure that the airplane’s right side door was properly secured prior to departing on the accident…
- [NTSB ERA22LA433](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA433.md): Easter William C M-1 · Okeechobee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jul 16, 2022 · N150MM · Substantial damage
  > The premature placement of an airport runway closure marker short of the runway, which resulted in the airplane’s collision with the marker during the landing approach. Contributing was the pilot’s inability to see the marker due the nose-high attitude of the…
- [NTSB DCA22LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA22LA053.md): Airbus A330 · Newark, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Dec 31, 2021 · TC-JOK · 2 aircraft · Minor damage
  > Turkish Airlines flightcrew’ s misperception of the distance to safely pass the stopped Republic Airways airplane.
- [NTSB CEN20LA419](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN20LA419.md): Cessna 172S · San Marcos, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Sep 25, 2020 · N108VK · 2 aircraft · Substantial damage
  > The F1 pilot’s failure to see and avoid the lower altitude Cessna while on final approach for landing. Contributing to the accident were the restrictions to pilot visibility inherent to low- and high-wing airplanes, and both pilots’ failure to recognize the…
- [NTSB CEN20CA158](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN20CA158.md): Air Tractor AT 602 · El Campo, TX · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Apr 21, 2020 · N419TW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgment of a ground spray rig’s position and his incorrect belief that a runway incursion might occur, which resulted in the pilot attempting and then aborting a go-around, which resulted in a runway excursion and collision with a fence.
- [NTSB WPR20CA120](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR20CA120.md): Piper PA28R · Palm Springs, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Mar 31, 2020 · N679X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to see and avoid a parked vehicle near the taxiway edge.
- [NTSB CEN20CA119](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN20CA119.md): Cessna 208 · Rhinelander, WI · Accident · Serious injuries · Data collection · Final report · Mar 5, 2020 · N706FX · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper decision to continue an instrument approach to landing following a loss of visual reference with the runway, which resulted in the airplane touching down left of the runway in snow and flipping over.
- [NTSB CEN20CA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN20CA094.md): Cessna 172 · Boulder, CO · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Feb 20, 2020 · N370SP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's loss of directional control during the landing roll on the slush-covered runway.
- [NTSB GAA19CA378](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA378.md): Cessna 180 · Wasilla, AK · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 28, 2019 · N9939V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the takeoff roll, which resulted in the left wing striking bushes. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s distorted visual perception due to his flying with one seat cushion rather than the two…
- [NTSB ERA19FA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA19FA010.md): Vans RV8 · Culpeper, VA · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 2 · Field · Final report · Oct 12, 2018 · N804RL · Destroyed
  > The pilot's loss of attitude orientation while maneuvering at low altitude in dark night visual meteorological conditions, which resulted in impact with terrain.
- [NTSB GAA19CA001](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA001.md): Cessna 340 · Keokuk, IA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 1, 2018 · N89AM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to correctly identify the runway environment during an instrument approach at night in instrument meteorological conditions because he mistook building lights for runway lights, which resulted in landing short of the runway.
- [NTSB CEN18LA346](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN18LA346.md): Cessna 172 · Shreveport, LA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 22, 2018 · N4275Q · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's overshoot of the runway, which resulted from her misperception of an engine issue due to her failure to maintain proper pitch control during initial climb.
- [NTSB GAA18CA375](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA18CA375.md): Taylorcraft F19 · Goose Bay, AK · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 25, 2018 · N3570T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain a proper approach path during landing in dusky, flat light conditions, which resulted in a tree strike.
- [NTSB CEN18LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN18LA106.md): Schweizer 269D · Stockbridge, MI · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Feb 13, 2018 · N471RA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate clearance from terrain while maneuvering the helicopter at a low altitude after departure. Contributing to the accident were the pilot’s distraction by the smoke in the cabin and the limited visible features in the…
- [NTSB WPR18FA063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR18FA063.md): Cessna 172M · Ogden, UT · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Dec 29, 2017 · N4395R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain clearance from the water while flying over a lake with glassy surface conditions. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's use of three impairing medications.
- [NTSB GAA17CA452](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA452.md): Piper PA28 · St. Joseph, IL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 30, 2017 · N2204B · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in the nose landing gear collapsing and subsequent loss of directional control.
- [NTSB CEN17LA206](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN17LA206.md): Kenneth B Hines Nieuport 28 · Boonville, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 1, 2017 · N6165 · Substantial damage
  > A partial loss of engine power due to a compromised induction system.
- [NTSB CEN17FA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN17FA100.md): Bell 206B · Galveston, TX · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Feb 7, 2017 · N978RH · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to recognize the flight had encountered instrument meteorological conditions at night, which resulted in an unrecognized descent and collision with water.
- [NTSB CEN16LA309](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN16LA309.md): Cessna 172K · Neenah, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 2, 2016 · N46459 · Substantial damage
  > A loss of engine power due to oil starvation, which resulted from the pilot, who was not a certified airframe and powerplant mechanic, removing the vacuum pump from the engine, and his misconception that he could operate the airplane without the pump.
- [NTSB GAA16CA121](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16CA121.md): Glines Kenneth Tailwind W 8 · Big Bear, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jan 25, 2016 · N1983T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadvertent landing off the left side of the snow-covered runway, resulting in a ground loop and nose over.
- [NTSB GAA15CA290](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA15CA290.md): Cessna 172M · Shiocton, WI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 20, 2015 · N20079 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's decision to continue to land at an unlighted airstrip, at night, after the landing light failed on approach, which resulted in a bounced landing, runway excursion, and collision with terrain.
- [NTSB GAA15CA204](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA15CA204.md): Airbus AS350-B2 · Tucson, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 29, 2015 · N6095U · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's misperception of the helicopter's altitude in relation to the runway surface during a low altitude maneuver, resulting in ground impact.
- [NTSB GAA15CA206](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA15CA206.md): Cessna T210L · Duluth, MN · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 25, 2015 · N1650X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to extend the landing gear prior to landing, which resulted in substantial damage to the fuselage during landing. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's diverted attention to another airplane in the vicinity and that he inaccurately…
- [NTSB GAA15CA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA15CA166.md): Bryan Jerry R CH750 · Gainesville, MO · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 26, 2015 · N750AF · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's perception that the airplane was not climbing normally, which precipitated an aborted landing with insufficient runway remaining to stop the airplane safely.
- [NTSB GAA15CA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA15CA007.md): Aviat A1 - B · Afton, WY · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Mar 13, 2015 · C-FTAD · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing.
- [NTSB DCA15FA085](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA15FA085.md): Mcdonnell Douglas MD 88 · New York, NY · Accident · No injuries · Class 1 · Field · Final report · Mar 5, 2015 · N909DL · Substantial damage
  > the captain's inability to maintain directional control of the airplane due to his application of excessive reverse thrust, which degraded the effectiveness of the rudder in controlling the airplane's heading. Contributing to the accident were the captain's…
- [NTSB ERA14CA225](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA14CA225.md): Lake LA-4 · Chapin, SC · Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report · Apr 29, 2014 · N1029L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, which resulted in abnormal contact with the water and separation of the right pontoon..
- [NTSB ERA14FA128](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA14FA128.md): Beech 95-B55 · LaGrange, GA · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Feb 22, 2014 · N36638 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's overreaction to a perceived conflict with a tow plane and glider on an intersecting runway, which resulted in a loss of control during an attempted aborted landing. Contributing to the accident was the failure of the glider tow operator to follow…
- [NTSB DCA12CA122](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA12CA122.md): Airbus A330 · Dulles, VA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 10, 2012 · D-AIKE · 2 aircraft · Minor damage
  > the A330 flightcrew's failure to maintain a safe clearance between his wing and the tail of the DHC-8-400 that was stopped on the lead in line of the gate.
- [NTSB DCA12CA082](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA12CA082.md): Boeing 747 · Chicago, IL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · May 30, 2012 · B16481 · 2 aircraft · Minor damage
  > the B747 Captain's failure to maintain a safe clearance between his wing and the tail of the EMB135 that was stopped on a taxiway.
- [NTSB ERA12CA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA12CA190.md): Piper PA-32R-300 · Swainsboro, GA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Feb 18, 2012 · N47863 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain the proper glidepath during final approach in night visual meteorological conditions, which resulted in a collision with trees.
- [NTSB DCA12CA021](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA12CA021.md): Boeing 757-351 · Atlanta, GA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 9, 2011 · N583NW · 2 aircraft · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the captain of N303DQ to maintain a safe clearance from N583NW that was stopped on the taxiway.
- [NTSB WPR12CA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR12CA025.md): Cessna 172K · Florence, MT · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 30, 2011 · N7276G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain clearance from a power line during a low-level flight along a river. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's decision to fly at a low altitude.
- [NTSB DCA11CA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA11CA084.md): Bombardier CL600 2D24 · Boston, MA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 14, 2011 · N132EV · 2 aircraft · Substantial damage
  > the B767 Captain's failure to maintain a safe clearance between his wing and the tail of the CRJ900 that was stopped on a taxiway.
- [NTSB WPR11CA249](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR11CA249.md): Rusk Smith Super Cub · Heron, MT · Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 3, 2011 · N316BR · Substantial damage
  > The floatplane's collision with a submerged object during a water landing.
- [NTSB CEN11LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN11LA153.md): Cessna 172A · Clarendon, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 17, 2011 · N7262T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to correctly set the altimeter, which resulted in his erroneous perception that the airplane was at a safe altitude.
- [NTSB WPR11LA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR11LA094.md): Rockwell International S-2R · Oakley, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 10, 2011 · N4977X · Substantial damage
  > An in-flight collision with an unmarked meteorological evaluation tower (MET) during an aerial application flight due to the pilot's failure to see and avoid the obstacle. Contributing to the accident was the lack of visual conspicuity of the MET and the lack…
- [NTSB WPR10CA453](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR10CA453.md): Cessna 150C · Fields, OR · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 3, 2010 · N2068Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare, resulting in a bounced landing and loss of directional control. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's inaccurate perception of the airplane’s proximity to the ground as a result of the featureless white landing area.
- [NTSB ERA10LA299](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10LA299.md): Airbus Industrie A330-323 · Charlotte, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 5, 2010 · N277AY · 2 aircraft · Minor damage
  > The Airbus A330 flight crew's failure to maintain clearance from a standing airplane while taxiing.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022040/cases.md?page=2

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT f.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_findings.parquet' f WHERE starts_with(f."findingCode", '02022040'))
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022040/cases

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