# Confusion

- Type: NTSB finding subsection
- Path: [Personnel issues](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02) › [Psychological](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/0202) › [Mental/emotional state](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/020225) › Confusion
- NTSB code: 02022520
- Cases: 2
- In the probable cause: 0
- Fatal cases: 0
- All cases: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022520/cases.md
- Cases with it in the probable cause: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022520/cases.md?cause=1
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022520

## Cases per year (in the probable cause / all)

- 2019: 0 / 1
- 2025: 0 / 1

## Defining events in these cases

- [Miscellaneous/other](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900): 1 cases
- [Landing gear not configured](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/095): 1 cases

## Aircraft models (registry)

- [Robinson Helicopter R44 II](https://openairdocs.org/model/robinson-helicopter-r44-ii): 1 cases
- [Cessna 172RG](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172rg): 1 cases

## Other findings in the same cases

- [Forgotten action/omission](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041035) (Personnel issues): 2 cases
- [Visibility](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03041020) (Environmental issues): 1 cases
- [Stress](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022510) (Personnel issues): 1 cases
- [Perception](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022040) (Personnel issues): 1 cases
- [Monitoring equip/instruments](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021525) (Personnel issues): 1 cases
- [Directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020) (Aircraft): 1 cases
- [Passenger/crew doors](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01035210) (Aircraft): 1 cases
- [Gear extension and retract sys](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023230) (Aircraft): 1 cases

## Newest cases

- [NTSB WPR25LA110](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR25LA110), Mar 10, 2025: Robinson Helicopter R44 II (N44KY), Las Vegas, NV, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s loss of helicopter control after the door opened during takeoff. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s failure to confirm that the door was properly closed before departure.
- [NTSB GAA19CA138](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA138), Feb 13, 2019: Cessna 172RG (N5223V), Atlanta, GA, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to extend the landing gear before landing. Contributing to the accident were the pilot’s inability to see the landing gear position light because his iPad was blocking his view of…

NTSB has coded findings and defining events since 2008; earlier cases used its older occurrence and cause codes and aren't counted.

Findings: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings.md. Defining events: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events.md. Phases of flight: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases.md. Every investigation, filtered by finding, event, phase, state, year or model: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md (for example ?state=MI&fatal=1).

NTSB's definitions: Accident and incident, 49 CFR 830.2 (https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-VIII/part-830/subpart-A/section-830.2), CICTT occurrence categories (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/OccurrenceCategoryDefinitions.pdf), CICTT phases of flight (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/PhaseofFlightDefinitions.pdf), and NTSB coding manual, before 2008 (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). NTSB publishes no definitions for its findings, only their names.

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