# Total instruct/training recvd - Type: NTSB finding subsection - Path: [Personnel issues](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02) › [Experience/knowledge](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/0203) › [Training](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/020315) › Total instruct/training recvd - NTSB code: 02031510 - Cases: 24 - In the probable cause: 16 - Fatal cases: 14 - All cases: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031510/cases.md - Cases with it in the probable cause: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031510/cases.md?cause=1 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031510 ## Cases per year (in the probable cause / all) - 2008: 1 / 1 - 2010: 1 / 1 - 2012: 1 / 1 - 2013: 1 / 2 - 2014: 1 / 2 - 2015: 1 / 1 - 2016: 1 / 2 - 2018: 2 / 2 - 2019: 1 / 2 - 2020: 1 / 2 - 2021: 2 / 3 - 2022: 1 / 2 - 2023: 0 / 1 - 2024: 2 / 2 ## Defining events in these cases - [Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240): 8 cases - [VFR encounter with IMC](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/401): 2 cases - [Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230): 2 cases - [Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470): 1 cases - [Loss of visual reference](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/402): 1 cases - [Aircraft structural failure](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/337): 1 cases - [Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300): 1 cases - [Inflight upset](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/271): 1 cases - [Aerodynamic stall/spin](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241): 1 cases - [Low altitude operation/event](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/220): 1 cases ## Aircraft models (registry) - [Eurocopter AS 350 B3](https://openairdocs.org/model/eurocopter-as-350-b3): 1 cases - [Robinson Helicopter R44 II](https://openairdocs.org/model/robinson-helicopter-r44-ii): 1 cases - [Raytheon C90A](https://openairdocs.org/model/raytheon-c90a): 1 cases - [Piper PA-46-310P](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-46-310p): 1 cases - [Piper PA-31-325](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-31-325): 1 cases - [Hawker Beechcraft HAWKER 900XP](https://openairdocs.org/model/hawker-beechcraft-hawker-900xp): 1 cases - [Cessna 310D](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-310d): 1 cases - [Cessna T210H](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-t210h): 1 cases - [Cessna 172P](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172p): 1 cases - [Bombardier DHC-8-202](https://openairdocs.org/model/bombardier-dhc-8-202): 1 cases ## Other findings in the same cases - [Aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040) (Personnel issues): 11 cases - [Decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520) (Personnel issues): 9 cases - [Qualification/certification](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031010) (Personnel issues): 8 cases - [Total experience](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031015) (Personnel issues): 3 cases - [Not determined, general](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000) (Not determined): 2 cases - [Adequacy of policy/proc](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/04021015) (Organizational issues): 2 cases - [Thunderstorm](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03033010) (Environmental issues): 2 cases - [Use of policy/procedure](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063032) (Personnel issues): 2 cases - [Use of equip/system](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015) (Personnel issues): 2 cases - [Lack of action](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030) (Personnel issues): 2 cases ## Newest cases - [NTSB ERA25LA089](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA25LA089), Dec 21, 2024: Buckeye Dream Machine (UNREG), Myakka City, FL, no damage. Probable cause: The non-certificated pilot’s improper decision to operate the powered parachute in close proximity to a fence, which resulted in a collision with the fence during takeoff. Also causal was the pilot’s… - [NTSB WPR24FA083](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR24FA083), Feb 7, 2024: Hawker Beechcraft Hawker 900XP (N900VA), Westwater, UT, destroyed, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The flight crew’s decision to conduct a post-maintenance stall test in an area of icing conditions, which resulted in wing contamination that significantly decreased the airplane’s critical angle of… - [NTSB WPR24LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR24LA034), Nov 13, 2023: Cessna 310 (N86H), Hayden, ID, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate airspeed and his exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack, which resulted in a loss of control and subsequent stall during a precautionary… - [NTSB ANC23FA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC23FA008), Dec 15, 2022: Raytheon C90A (N13GZ), Kaupo, HI, substantial damage, 3 fatal. Probable cause: Guardian Flight’s inadequate pilot training and performance tracking, which failed to identify and correct the pilot’s consistent lack of skill, and which resulted in the pilot’s inability to… - [NTSB WPR22FA345](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR22FA345), Sep 13, 2022: Piper PA46 (N43605), Seligman, AZ, substantial damage, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The student pilot’s continued visual flight into instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in spatial disorientation, a loss of control, exceedance of the airplane’s design limitations,… - [NTSB ERA21LA295](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA295), Jul 19, 2021: Robinson Helicopter R44 II (N4529J), Point Harbor, NC, destroyed, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The noncertificated pilot’s decision to continue visual flight rules flight into instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in spatial disorientation over a large body of water and a high… - [NTSB ERA21LA272](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA272), Jun 28, 2021: Bell 47G-2A-1 (N147AH), Brasstown, NC, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s inflight loss of control while conducting a hovering maneuver. - [NTSB WPR21FA143](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21FA143), Mar 28, 2021: Airbus Helicopters AS350-B3 (N351SH), Palmer, AK, substantial damage, 5 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to adequately respond to an encounter with whiteout conditions, which resulted in the helicopter’s collision with terrain. Contributing to the accident was the (1) operator’s… - [NTSB CEN20LA272](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN20LA272), Jul 11, 2020: Golden Circle Air T-Bird (N50JH), Grosse Ile, MI, substantial damage, 1 fatal. Probable cause: The noncertificated pilot’s failure to maintain clearance from trees while maneuvering at low altitude in gusting wind conditions. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s lack of flight… - [NTSB CEN20FA098](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN20FA098), Feb 23, 2020: Innovator Mosquitto (N840GS), North Manchester, IN, substantial damage, 1 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s loss of control for reasons that could not be determined based on the available information. NTSB has coded findings and defining events since 2008; earlier cases used its older occurrence and cause codes and aren't counted. Findings: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings.md. Defining events: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events.md. Phases of flight: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases.md. Every investigation, filtered by finding, event, phase, state, year or model: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md (for example ?state=MI&fatal=1). NTSB's definitions: Accident and incident, 49 CFR 830.2 (https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-VIII/part-830/subpart-A/section-830.2), CICTT occurrence categories (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/OccurrenceCategoryDefinitions.pdf), CICTT phases of flight (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/PhaseofFlightDefinitions.pdf), and NTSB coding manual, before 2008 (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). NTSB publishes no definitions for its findings, only their names. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.