# Initial instruct/training - Type: NTSB finding subsection - Path: [Personnel issues](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02) › [Experience/knowledge](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/0203) › [Training](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/020315) › Initial instruct/training - NTSB code: 02031515 - Cases: 9 - In the probable cause: 5 - Fatal cases: 0 - All cases: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031515/cases.md - Cases with it in the probable cause: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031515/cases.md?cause=1 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031515 ## Cases per year (in the probable cause / all) - 2012: 1 / 1 - 2014: 0 / 1 - 2015: 2 / 2 - 2016: 0 / 1 - 2017: 0 / 1 - 2018: 1 / 1 - 2021: 1 / 1 - 2023: 0 / 1 ## Defining events in these cases - [Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240): 3 cases - [Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230): 2 cases - [Miscellaneous/other](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900): 1 cases - [Collision during takeoff/land](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490): 1 cases - [Loss of engine power (partial)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342): 1 cases - [Loss of tail rotor effectiveness](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/242): 1 cases ## Aircraft models (registry) - [Luscombe 8A](https://openairdocs.org/model/luscombe-8a): 1 cases - [Cessna 150B](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-150b): 1 cases - [American Eurocopter AS350B3](https://openairdocs.org/model/american-eurocopter-as350b3): 1 cases - [Buckeye Industries DREAM MACHINE](https://openairdocs.org/model/buckeye-industries-dream-machine): 1 cases - [Gilbert Thomas Jeffrey LANCAIR 235](https://openairdocs.org/model/gilbert-thomas-jeffrey-lancair-235): 1 cases ## Other findings in the same cases - [Aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040) (Personnel issues): 6 cases - [Directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020) (Aircraft): 4 cases - [Decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520) (Personnel issues): 3 cases - [Initial training](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/04031010) (Organizational issues): 2 cases - [Tree(s)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020) (Environmental issues): 2 cases - [Knowledge of equipment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02032015) (Personnel issues): 2 cases - [Qualification/certification](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031010) (Personnel issues): 2 cases - [Training, general](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/04031000) (Organizational issues): 1 cases - [High wind](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034055) (Environmental issues): 1 cases - [Use of equip/system](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015) (Personnel issues): 1 cases ## Newest cases - [NTSB WPR23LA328](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23LA328), Aug 27, 2023: Luscombe 8A (N28841), Hillsboro, OR, substantial damage. Probable cause: The student pilot’s failure to maintain airplane control during the landing roll and the flight instructor’s delayed remedial action, which resulted in a ground loop. - [NTSB ERA22LA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA062), Nov 13, 2021: Maxair Drifter (UNREG), Sebring, FL, substantial damage. Probable cause: The non-certificated pilot’s decision to operate the airplane without flight training or a pilot certificate and his loss of control shortly after takeoff, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall at… - [NTSB ERA18LA202](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA18LA202), Jul 26, 2018: Cessna 150 (N1193Y), Matthews, NC, substantial damage. Probable cause: The student pilot's improper decision to conduct a solo flight without an endorsement to do so and to perform an off-airport landing based on a perceived performance issue with the airplane.… - [NTSB GAA17CA435](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA435), Jul 22, 2017: Gilbert Thomas Jeffrey Lancair 235 (N91JG), Denison, TX, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during the takeoff roll. - [NTSB GAA16LA199](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16LA199), Apr 23, 2016: Buckeye Industries Dream Machine (N2564A), Culver, IN, substantial damage. Probable cause: The noncertificated pilot’s failure to attain a climb in the powered-parachute and its subsequent impact with a tree. - [NTSB GAA15CA143](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA15CA143), Jul 17, 2015: Aventura II (N1204A), Fenton, MI, substantial damage. Probable cause: The failure of the student pilot to ensure that the experimental seaplane was airworthy prior to take off. - [NTSB CEN15LA212](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN15LA212), Apr 18, 2015: Buckeye Breeze (UNREG), Smithville, TX, minor damage. Probable cause: The noncertificated pilot's loss of directional control during takeoff, which resulted in impact with a utility pole and hangar. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's failure to obtain flight… - [NTSB CEN14GA109](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN14GA109), Jan 10, 2014: American Eurocopter AS350B3 (N3948A), Encino, TX, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control while maneuvering, which resulted in a loss of tail rotor effectiveness. Contributing to the accident were the pilot’s limited experience in the… - [NTSB ANC13FA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC13FA017), Dec 15, 2012: Eurocopter AS350 B3 (C-GYPH), Beluga, AK, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to stabilize the external load, which led to the synthetic long-line separating about midspan and the remaining line becoming entangled in the tail rotor gearbox output shaft and… NTSB has coded findings and defining events since 2008; earlier cases used its older occurrence and cause codes and aren't counted. Findings: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings.md. Defining events: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events.md. Phases of flight: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases.md. Every investigation, filtered by finding, event, phase, state, year or model: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md (for example ?state=MI&fatal=1). NTSB's definitions: Accident and incident, 49 CFR 830.2 (https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-VIII/part-830/subpart-A/section-830.2), CICTT occurrence categories (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/OccurrenceCategoryDefinitions.pdf), CICTT phases of flight (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/PhaseofFlightDefinitions.pdf), and NTSB coding manual, before 2008 (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). NTSB publishes no definitions for its findings, only their names. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.