# Type/qual of instruct/training - Type: NTSB finding subsection - Path: [Personnel issues](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02) › [Experience/knowledge](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/0203) › [Training](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/020315) › Type/qual of instruct/training - NTSB code: 02031535 - Cases: 8 - In the probable cause: 7 - Fatal cases: 2 - All cases: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031535/cases.md - Cases with it in the probable cause: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031535/cases.md?cause=1 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031535 ## Cases per year (in the probable cause / all) - 2009: 1 / 1 - 2011: 1 / 1 - 2012: 1 / 1 - 2013: 2 / 2 - 2019: 1 / 1 - 2021: 0 / 1 - 2023: 1 / 1 ## Defining events in these cases - [Loss of visual reference](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/402): 1 cases - [Runway incursion veh/AC/person](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/320): 1 cases - [Abrupt maneuver](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/270): 1 cases - [Near midair/TCAS alert/loss of separation](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/260): 1 cases - [Midair collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/250): 1 cases - [Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230): 1 cases - [Low altitude operation/event](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/220): 1 cases - [Cabin safety event](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/110): 1 cases ## Aircraft models (registry) - [Robinson Helicopter R44 II](https://openairdocs.org/model/robinson-helicopter-r44-ii): 1 cases - [Piper PA-31-350](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-31-350): 1 cases - [Embraer EMB-145XR](https://openairdocs.org/model/embraer-emb-145xr): 1 cases - [Cessna A185F](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-a185f): 1 cases - [Cessna 182L](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182l): 1 cases - [Cessna 172S](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172s): 1 cases - [Cessna 150K](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-150k): 1 cases - [Bombardier CL-600-2C10](https://openairdocs.org/model/bombardier-cl-600-2c10): 1 cases - [Beech 65-A90](https://openairdocs.org/model/beech-65-a90): 1 cases ## Other findings in the same cases - [Decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520) (Personnel issues): 4 cases - [Aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040) (Personnel issues): 3 cases - [Oversight of operation](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/04032015) (Organizational issues): 2 cases - [Oversight of maintenance](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/04032020) (Organizational issues): 1 cases - [Upgrade training](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/04031020) (Organizational issues): 1 cases - [Initial training](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/04031010) (Organizational issues): 1 cases - [Safety](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/04024010) (Organizational issues): 1 cases - [Adequacy of policy/proc](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/04021015) (Organizational issues): 1 cases - [Below VFR minima](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035075) (Environmental issues): 1 cases - [Fog](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035055) (Environmental issues): 1 cases ## Newest cases - [NTSB CEN23FA125](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23FA125), Mar 7, 2023: Robinson Helicopter R44 (N494SH), Port O'Connor, TX, destroyed, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s initiation of the visual flight into instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in spatial disorientation and a subsequent loss of helicopter control. Contributing to the… - [NTSB DCA21LA096](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA21LA096), Mar 16, 2021: Bombardier CL-600-2C10 (N706SK), Los Angeles, CA, no damage. Probable cause: the improper retraction of the main cabin door, which resulted in the flight attendant falling when she opened the door at the destination. - [NTSB WPR19MA177](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR19MA177), Jun 22, 2019: Beech 65-A90 (N256TA), Mokuleia, HI, destroyed, 11 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s aggressive takeoff maneuver, which resulted in an accelerated stall and subsequent loss of control at an altitude that was too low for recovery. Contributing to the accident were (1) the… - [NTSB CEN14LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN14LA036), Nov 2, 2013: Cessna 182L (N70520), Superior, WI, destroyed. Probable cause: The failure of the pilot who was flying the trail airplane to maintain separation from the lead airplane. Contributing to the accident was the inadequate pilot training for formation skydiving… - [NTSB CEN13LA342](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN13LA342), Jun 10, 2013: Cessna 150K (N6412G), Morrilton, AR, substantial damage. Probable cause: The flight instructor's inadequate training and oversight of the student pilot, which resulted in the noncertificated student pilot's loss of control during landing. - [NTSB CEN12LA414](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN12LA414), Jun 30, 2012: Cessna 172S (N917SA), Glenwood Springs, CO, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's decision to fly into a mountainous area where conditions were such that the airplane was unable to climb above rising terrain. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's insufficient… - [NTSB OPS11IA653](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/OPS11IA653), Jun 14, 2011: Beech 1900C (N121WV), Fairbanks, AK, incident, no damage. Probable cause: Inadequate air traffic control actions that failed to establish and maintain required separation between the two airplanes. Contributing to the incident was inexperience on the part of the local… - [NTSB OPS09IA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/OPS09IA009), Jun 26, 2009: Bombardier DHC-8-202 (N375PH), Cleveland, OH, incident, no damage. Probable cause: The local controller did not visually scan the runways and ensure that the E145 had crossed runway 24L prior to issuing a takeoff clearance to the DH8, did not ensure separation between the two… NTSB has coded findings and defining events since 2008; earlier cases used its older occurrence and cause codes and aren't counted. Findings: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings.md. Defining events: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events.md. Phases of flight: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases.md. Every investigation, filtered by finding, event, phase, state, year or model: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md (for example ?state=MI&fatal=1). NTSB's definitions: Accident and incident, 49 CFR 830.2 (https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-VIII/part-830/subpart-A/section-830.2), CICTT occurrence categories (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/OccurrenceCategoryDefinitions.pdf), CICTT phases of flight (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/PhaseofFlightDefinitions.pdf), and NTSB coding manual, before 2008 (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). NTSB publishes no definitions for its findings, only their names. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.