# Knowledge of procedures - Type: NTSB finding subsection - Path: [Personnel issues](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02) › [Experience/knowledge](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/0203) › [Knowledge](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/020320) › Knowledge of procedures - NTSB code: 02032010 - Cases: 41 - In the probable cause: 32 - Fatal cases: 8 - All cases: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02032010/cases.md - Cases with it in the probable cause: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02032010/cases.md?cause=1 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02032010 ## Cases per year (in the probable cause / all) - 2008: 0 / 1 - 2009: 2 / 2 - 2011: 5 / 5 - 2012: 0 / 2 - 2013: 1 / 1 - 2014: 1 / 2 - 2015: 3 / 3 - 2016: 2 / 2 - 2017: 2 / 3 - 2018: 2 / 3 - 2019: 1 / 1 - 2020: 0 / 1 - 2021: 1 / 1 - 2022: 3 / 3 - 2023: 2 / 2 - 2024: 3 / 4 - 2025: 3 / 3 - 2026: 1 / 2 ## Defining events in these cases - [Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240): 8 cases - [Loss of engine power (partial)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342): 3 cases - [Loss of engine power (total)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341): 3 cases - [Midair collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/250): 3 cases - [Ground collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200): 3 cases - [Fuel exhaustion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/192): 3 cases - [Sys/Comp malf/fail (non-power)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/330): 2 cases - [Fuel starvation](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/191): 2 cases - [Prop/jet/rotor blast/suction](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/082): 2 cases - [Miscellaneous/other](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900): 1 cases ## Aircraft models (registry) - [Cessna 172F](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172f): 2 cases - [Beech C90](https://openairdocs.org/model/beech-c90): 2 cases - [Schweizer 269C](https://openairdocs.org/model/schweizer-269c): 1 cases - [Robinson Helicopter R44 II](https://openairdocs.org/model/robinson-helicopter-r44-ii): 1 cases - [Robinson Helicopter R44](https://openairdocs.org/model/robinson-helicopter-r44): 1 cases - [Robinson Helicopter R22 BETA](https://openairdocs.org/model/robinson-helicopter-r22-beta): 1 cases - [Piper PA-28-236](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28-236): 1 cases - [Piper PA-28R-201T](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28r-201t): 1 cases - [Piper PA-23-150](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-23-150): 1 cases - [Piper PA-23](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-23): 1 cases ## Other findings in the same cases - [Decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520) (Personnel issues): 12 cases - [Aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040) (Personnel issues): 9 cases - [Incorrect action performance](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041015) (Personnel issues): 5 cases - [Incorrect action selection](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041010) (Personnel issues): 5 cases - [Fuel](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071010) (Aircraft): 5 cases - [Use of equip/system](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015) (Personnel issues): 3 cases - [Fuel planning](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02061030) (Personnel issues): 3 cases - [Situational awareness](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022035) (Personnel issues): 3 cases - [Oversight of operation](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/04032015) (Organizational issues): 2 cases - [Below VFR minima](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035075) (Environmental issues): 2 cases ## Newest cases - [NTSB WPR26LA176](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR26LA176), May 3, 2026: Cameron Balloons US C-80 (N4022X), Rio Rancho, NM, no damage. Probable cause: The passenger’s improper hand placement on the basket upright during landing, which resulted in injury when the upright fractured during the basket’s bounce and drag sequence. - [NTSB DCA26LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA26LA164), Mar 24, 2026: Boeing 737-8 (N17316), Dulles, VA, no damage. Probable cause: The tug drivers improper positioning of the airplane during pushback, which resulted in the airplane’s jet blast impacting an active gate area during taxi and the subsequent injury to a maintenance… - [NTSB WPR25LA284](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR25LA284), Sep 15, 2025: Cameron Balloons US A-225 (N980VA), Albuquerque, NM, no damage. Probable cause: The balloon pilot’s improper landing, which resulted in serious injury to a passenger. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s failure to brief the proper landing procedure. - [NTSB DCA25LA267](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA25LA267), Jul 19, 2025: Boeing 787 (JA986A), North Charleston, SC, substantial damage. Probable cause: The ground crews improper parking of N247BZ, which left its tail protruding into the taxiway, and the JA986A flight crew’s failure to maintain adequate clearance while taxiing. - [NTSB CEN25LA176](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN25LA176), Apr 28, 2025: Beech C90 (N501MS), Lancaster, TX, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s improper fuel planning, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and a total loss of power to both engines. - [NTSB CEN25LA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN25LA051), Nov 27, 2024: Cessna 340 (N5757C), Muskogee, OK, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s improper fuel planning, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and a total loss of power to both engines. - [NTSB ERA25LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA25LA064), Nov 20, 2024: AMS Flight D O O Carat A (N17GF), Centralhatchee, GA, substantial damage. Probable cause: Maintenance personnel’s failure to comply with the engine manufacturer’s guidance, which resulted in improper valvetrain clearances, unseating of the intake valve keepers, and a total loss of engine… - [NTSB ANC24LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC24LA039), May 30, 2024: Robinson Helicopter R22 Beta (N333PJ), Kailua-Kona, HI, substantial damage. Probable cause: The flight instructor’s failure to implement the correct action for low rotor RPM recovery. - [NTSB CEN24LA144](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN24LA144), Apr 1, 2024: Piper PA28 (N8438B), Muncie, IN, destroyed, 1 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s spatial disorientation and subsequent loss of control while maneuvering outside established instrument approach procedures in instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in an… - [NTSB ERA24LA079](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA079), Dec 30, 2023: Robinson Helicopter R44 (N828AK), Daytona Beach, FL, substantial damage. Probable cause: The UAS operator’s failure to operate within the limitations of the COA that he was using to operate inside class C airspace, which resulted in a collision between the UAS and the helicopter. NTSB has coded findings and defining events since 2008; earlier cases used its older occurrence and cause codes and aren't counted. Findings: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings.md. Defining events: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events.md. Phases of flight: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases.md. Every investigation, filtered by finding, event, phase, state, year or model: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md (for example ?state=MI&fatal=1). NTSB's definitions: Accident and incident, 49 CFR 830.2 (https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-VIII/part-830/subpart-A/section-830.2), CICTT occurrence categories (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/OccurrenceCategoryDefinitions.pdf), CICTT phases of flight (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/PhaseofFlightDefinitions.pdf), and NTSB coding manual, before 2008 (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). NTSB publishes no definitions for its findings, only their names. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.