# Knowledge of geographic area - Type: NTSB finding subsection - Path: [Personnel issues](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02) › [Experience/knowledge](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/0203) › [Knowledge](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/020320) › Knowledge of geographic area - NTSB code: 02032030 - Cases: 24 - In the probable cause: 15 - Fatal cases: 1 - All cases: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02032030/cases.md - Cases with it in the probable cause: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02032030/cases.md?cause=1 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02032030 ## Cases per year (in the probable cause / all) - 2008: 2 / 2 - 2009: 0 / 1 - 2010: 3 / 4 - 2011: 2 / 3 - 2012: 1 / 2 - 2013: 1 / 1 - 2015: 1 / 2 - 2016: 2 / 2 - 2017: 0 / 1 - 2021: 0 / 1 - 2022: 1 / 3 - 2023: 1 / 1 - 2025: 1 / 1 ## Defining events in these cases - [Controlled flight into terr/obj (CFIT)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/120): 4 cases - [Nose over/nose down](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096): 4 cases - [Miscellaneous/other](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900): 3 cases - [Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090): 3 cases - [Landing area overshoot](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/380): 2 cases - [Aerodynamic stall/spin](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241): 2 cases - [Collision during takeoff/land](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490): 1 cases - [Electrical system malf/failure](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/332): 1 cases - [Runway incursion veh/AC/person](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/320): 1 cases - [Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240): 1 cases ## Aircraft models (registry) - [Sukhoi SU-31M](https://openairdocs.org/model/sukhoi-su-31m): 1 cases - [Weatherly 620A](https://openairdocs.org/model/weatherly-620a): 1 cases - [Schweizer 269C-1](https://openairdocs.org/model/schweizer-269c-1): 1 cases - [Piper PA-46-310P](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-46-310p): 1 cases - [Piper PA-28-180](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28-180): 1 cases - [Piper PA-28-161](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28-161): 1 cases - [Piper PA-18-150](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-18-150): 1 cases - [Maule M-5-210C](https://openairdocs.org/model/maule-m-5-210c): 1 cases - [Diamond Aircraft Ind DA20-C1](https://openairdocs.org/model/diamond-aircraft-ind-da20-c1): 1 cases - [Cirrus Design SR22](https://openairdocs.org/model/cirrus-design-sr22): 1 cases ## Other findings in the same cases - [Aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040) (Personnel issues): 5 cases - [Decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520) (Personnel issues): 5 cases - [Wire](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022032) (Environmental issues): 4 cases - [Flight planning/navigation](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02061025) (Personnel issues): 4 cases - [Identification/recognition](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041510) (Personnel issues): 4 cases - [Situational awareness](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022035) (Personnel issues): 4 cases - [Airspeed](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062010) (Aircraft): 4 cases - [Planning/preparation, general](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02061000) (Personnel issues): 3 cases - [Incorrect action performance](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041015) (Personnel issues): 3 cases - [Runway/land/takeoff/taxi surface, general](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023000) (Environmental issues): 2 cases ## Newest cases - [NTSB ERA25LA199](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA25LA199), May 8, 2025: Cessna 182A (N174A), Ocala, FL, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s decision to depart on the flight with known electrical issues and his subsequent loss of situational awareness (geographic position), which resulted in his eventual decision to perform an… - [NTSB CEN23LA263](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN23LA263), Jun 23, 2023: Cessna 182G (N3289S), Gunnison, CO, destroyed. Probable cause: The pilot’s improper decision to fly into an area of unsuitable terrain which the airplane was unable to exit, resulting in an aerodynamic stall and subsequent impact with terrain. - [NTSB CEN22LA422](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA422), Sep 7, 2022: Piper PA-18-150 (N590DC), Galena, AK, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s selection of unsuitable terrain for landing which resulted in a nose over. - [NTSB CEN22LA373](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA373), Aug 4, 2022: Cessna 180C (N9211T), Cantwell, AK, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's excessive brake application during the landing roll that resulted in a nose over. - [NTSB CEN22LA340](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA340), Jul 25, 2022: Weatherly 620A (N4651W), Stewart, MN, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate clearance from crops during an agricultural flight. - [NTSB CEN21LA224](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA224), May 6, 2021: DJI Matrice (FA3HW43WTF), Young Harris, GA, minor damage. Probable cause: The remote pilot-in-command’s (RPIC) decision to physically hold onto the drone’s landing gear in flight, which resulted in the rotors striking his hand and causing serious injury. Contributing to… - [NTSB ERA18LA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA18LA020), Nov 8, 2017: Bell 206 (N275AE), Union City, TN, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s inadvertent slope landing and attempted recovery, which resulted in an incipient dynamic rollover, mast bumping, and separation of the main rotor. - [NTSB WPR16LA093](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR16LA093), Apr 17, 2016: Cessna 172 (N7133G), Avalon, CA, destroyed. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain a proper approach path on landing because he failed to familiarize himself with the airport's unique approach hazards and recommended procedures before the flight.… - [NTSB GAA16LA135](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16LA135), Feb 18, 2016: Pinkston Randy T RV-7 (N705RP), Tavernier, FL, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's misidentification of a parallel roadway for the runway and the airplane's subsequent collision with numerous objects during landing. - [NTSB ANC15CA072](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC15CA072), Sep 7, 2015: Cessna 150D (N5947T), Delta Junction, AK, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilots decision to land on an unfamiliar, unimproved airstrip which resulted in a loss of control and runway excursion. NTSB has coded findings and defining events since 2008; earlier cases used its older occurrence and cause codes and aren't counted. Findings: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings.md. Defining events: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events.md. Phases of flight: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases.md. Every investigation, filtered by finding, event, phase, state, year or model: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md (for example ?state=MI&fatal=1). NTSB's definitions: Accident and incident, 49 CFR 830.2 (https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-VIII/part-830/subpart-A/section-830.2), CICTT occurrence categories (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/OccurrenceCategoryDefinitions.pdf), CICTT phases of flight (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/PhaseofFlightDefinitions.pdf), and NTSB coding manual, before 2008 (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). NTSB publishes no definitions for its findings, only their names. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.