# Aeronautical knowledge - Type: NTSB finding subsection - Path: [Personnel issues](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02) › [Experience/knowledge](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/0203) › [Knowledge](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/020320) › Aeronautical knowledge - NTSB code: 02032035 - Cases: 7 - In the probable cause: 3 - Fatal cases: 2 - All cases: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02032035/cases.md - Cases with it in the probable cause: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02032035/cases.md?cause=1 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02032035 ## Cases per year (in the probable cause / all) - 2012: 0 / 1 - 2014: 0 / 1 - 2015: 0 / 1 - 2016: 0 / 1 - 2019: 1 / 1 - 2020: 1 / 1 - 2021: 1 / 1 ## Defining events in these cases - [Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240): 2 cases - [Collision during takeoff/land](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490): 1 cases - [Settling with power/vortex ring state](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/244): 1 cases - [Low altitude operation/event](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/220): 1 cases - [Structural icing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/210): 1 cases - [Ground collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200): 1 cases ## Aircraft models (registry) - [Robinson Helicopter R22 MARINER](https://openairdocs.org/model/robinson-helicopter-r22-mariner): 1 cases - [Piper PA 46-350P](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-46-350p): 1 cases - [Piper PA-46-310P](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-46-310p): 1 cases - [Grumman American Avn. AA-5A](https://openairdocs.org/model/grumman-american-avn-aa-5a): 1 cases - [Cessna 172L](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172l): 1 cases - [Cessna 172F](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172f): 1 cases - [Buckeye Industries DREAM MACHINE](https://openairdocs.org/model/buckeye-industries-dream-machine): 1 cases - [Aero Commander 500-B](https://openairdocs.org/model/aero-commander-500-b): 1 cases ## Other findings in the same cases - [Aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040) (Personnel issues): 3 cases - [Decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520) (Personnel issues): 3 cases - [Below VFR minima](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035075) (Environmental issues): 1 cases - [Ceiling/visibility/precip, general](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035000) (Environmental issues): 1 cases - [Tailwind](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034015) (Environmental issues): 1 cases - [Aircraft](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022040) (Environmental issues): 1 cases - [Tree(s)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020) (Environmental issues): 1 cases - [VHF/HF radio](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03016010) (Environmental issues): 1 cases - [Task allocation](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02064020) (Personnel issues): 1 cases - [Use of equip/system](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015) (Personnel issues): 1 cases ## Newest cases - [NTSB CEN21FA198](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21FA198), Apr 23, 2021: Piper PA-46-310P (N461DK), Danville, AR, substantial damage, 4 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s improper decision to continue flight in an area of moderate-to-heavy icing conditions, which resulted in exceedance of the airplane’s anti-icing system capabilities, a degradation of… - [NTSB ERA21LA056](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA056), Nov 25, 2020: Cessna 172 (N8125U), Atlanta, GA, substantial damage. Probable cause: The Cessna pilot’s failure to tune his radio to the common traffic advisory frequency, which resulted in a lack of awareness of the other aircraft operating at the airport. Contributing to the… - [NTSB CEN19FA088](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN19FA088), Feb 28, 2019: Piper PA46 (N428CD), Shreveport, LA, substantial damage, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot's conduct of a departure into instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), which resulted in spatial disorientation and subsequent loss of airplane control. Contributing to the accident was… - [NTSB GAA16LA199](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16LA199), Apr 23, 2016: Buckeye Industries Dream Machine (N2564A), Culver, IN, substantial damage. Probable cause: The noncertificated pilot’s failure to attain a climb in the powered-parachute and its subsequent impact with a tree. - [NTSB GAA15CA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA15CA153), Jul 1, 2015: Grumman American Avn. AA 5A (N9887U), Mackay, ID, substantial damage. Probable cause: The student pilot's disorientation in mountainous terrain and course deviation into a canyon, which resulted in the airplane's inability to out climb terrain and a forced landing. - [NTSB ERA14CA314](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA14CA314), Jun 28, 2014: Cessna 172L (N7867G), Danbury, CT, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's use of a person unfamiliar with aviation and his failure to properly secure the airplane during hand starting of the engine. - [NTSB WPR13LA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR13LA025), Oct 27, 2012: Robinson Helicopter R22 Mariner (N2627M), Lake Havasu, AZ, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s unintentional and unrecognized entry into a vortex ring state as a result of conducting a course reversal turn into a tailwind while at a low altitude and airspeed, which resulted in an… NTSB has coded findings and defining events since 2008; earlier cases used its older occurrence and cause codes and aren't counted. Findings: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings.md. Defining events: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events.md. Phases of flight: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases.md. Every investigation, filtered by finding, event, phase, state, year or model: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md (for example ?state=MI&fatal=1). NTSB's definitions: Accident and incident, 49 CFR 830.2 (https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-VIII/part-830/subpart-A/section-830.2), CICTT occurrence categories (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/OccurrenceCategoryDefinitions.pdf), CICTT phases of flight (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/PhaseofFlightDefinitions.pdf), and NTSB coding manual, before 2008 (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). NTSB publishes no definitions for its findings, only their names. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.