# Wet surface

- Type: NTSB finding subsection
- Path: [Environmental issues](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03) › [Physical environment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/0302) › [Runway/land/takeoff/taxi surface](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/030230) › Wet surface
- NTSB code: 03023010
- Cases: 141
- In the probable cause: 62
- Fatal cases: 1
- All cases: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023010/cases.md
- Cases with it in the probable cause: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023010/cases.md?cause=1
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023010

## Cases per year (in the probable cause / all)

- 2008: 8 / 10
- 2009: 1 / 7
- 2010: 3 / 11
- 2011: 0 / 4
- 2012: 4 / 7
- 2013: 1 / 5
- 2014: 3 / 13
- 2015: 1 / 2
- 2016: 3 / 16
- 2017: 0 / 4
- 2018: 3 / 9
- 2019: 8 / 9
- 2020: 9 / 12
- 2021: 3 / 4
- 2022: 4 / 9
- 2023: 3 / 5
- 2024: 5 / 10
- 2025: 3 / 3
- 2026: 0 / 1

## Defining events in these cases

- [Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230): 49 cases
- [Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300): 41 cases
- [Landing area overshoot](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/380): 14 cases
- [Collision during takeoff/land](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490): 7 cases
- [Nose over/nose down](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096): 6 cases
- [Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240): 4 cases
- [Miscellaneous/other](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900): 3 cases
- [Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090): 3 cases
- [Fuel starvation](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/191): 2 cases
- [Glider tow event](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/510): 1 cases

## Aircraft models (registry)

- [Cessna 140](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-140): 5 cases
- [Piper PA-28-140](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28-140): 4 cases
- [Cirrus Design SR22](https://openairdocs.org/model/cirrus-design-sr22): 4 cases
- [Cessna T207](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-t207): 3 cases
- [Cessna 172M](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172m): 3 cases
- [Air Tractor AT-602](https://openairdocs.org/model/air-tractor-at-602): 3 cases
- [Piper PA-18-150](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-18-150): 2 cases
- [Cessna 182P](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182p): 2 cases
- [Cessna 207A](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-207a): 2 cases
- [Cessna T210N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-t210n): 2 cases

## Other findings in the same cases

- [Aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040) (Personnel issues): 75 cases
- [Decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520) (Personnel issues): 52 cases
- [Directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020) (Aircraft): 32 cases
- [Descent/approach/glide path](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062040) (Aircraft): 21 cases
- [Surface speed/braking](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062045) (Aircraft): 18 cases
- [Airspeed](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062010) (Aircraft): 18 cases
- [Soft surface](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023020) (Environmental issues): 13 cases
- [Incorrect action performance](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041015) (Personnel issues): 12 cases
- [Tailwind](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034015) (Environmental issues): 11 cases
- [Landing distance](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01061030) (Aircraft): 11 cases

## Newest cases

- [NTSB CEN26LA170](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN26LA170), Apr 17, 2026: Piper PA 31P 350 (N9262Y), Ardmore, OK, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain control of the airplane while landing on a wet runway with a tailwind.
- [NTSB ERA26LA021](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA26LA021), Oct 11, 2025: Cessna 140 (N2812N), Plymouth, CT, substantial damage. Probable cause: The plot’s failure to account sufficiently for the decrease in the airplane’s takeoff performance due to the wet turf runway, which resulted in a collision with a log barrier and subsequent nose over…
- [NTSB CEN25LA351](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN25LA351), Aug 28, 2025: Cirrus Design SR22 (N45JN), Nora Springs, IA, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s improper decision-making for the attempted landing, which resulted in a runway overrun due to inadequate runway landing distance with a quartering tailwind. Contributing to the accident…
- [NTSB ERA25LA251](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA25LA251), Jun 27, 2025: Piper PA-22-135 (N3228B), Elberta, AL, substantial damage. Probable cause: Pilot’s decision to take off from a wet and unmaintained field that was unsuitable for airplane operations, resulting in a loss of control and subsequent nose over. Contributing was the pilot’s…
- [NTSB CEN25LA074](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN25LA074), Dec 27, 2024: Cessna 560 (N753MB), Pagosa Springs, CO, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s inadequate preflight planning and poor preflight inspection and decision-making, which led to a takeoff attempt above the airplane’s certified maximum takeoff weight with…
- [NTSB CEN25LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN25LA045), Nov 18, 2024: Cessna R182 (N738PG), Crowley, LA, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s un-stabilized landing approach and high airspeed during the approach, that resulted in touchdown with insufficient runway remaining to stop the airplane.
- [NTSB WPR25LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR25LA035), Nov 6, 2024: Cessna 182E (N9207X), Priest River, ID, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to attain a proper touchdown point and his inability to stop the landing roll on a wet gras runway, which resulted in a collision with a tree.
- [NTSB ERA24LA353](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA353), Aug 20, 2024: Gulfstream American AA-5B (N4533F), Mohawk, NY, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll in wet conditions, which resulted in a runway excursion and collision with a fence.
- [NTSB CEN24LA265](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN24LA265), Jul 14, 2024: Cessna 180 (N7827K), Le Roy, MI, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain control of the airplane while performing a go-around, which resulted in an inflight collision with trees.
- [NTSB ANC24LA065](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC24LA065), Jul 12, 2024: Beech 65-B80 (N44MA), Woleai Atoll, Micronesia, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's selection of an unsuitable takeoff area, resulting in a loss of directional control. Contributing to the accident was a flooded runway.

NTSB has coded findings and defining events since 2008; earlier cases used its older occurrence and cause codes and aren't counted.

Findings: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings.md. Defining events: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events.md. Phases of flight: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases.md. Every investigation, filtered by finding, event, phase, state, year or model: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md (for example ?state=MI&fatal=1).

NTSB's definitions: Accident and incident, 49 CFR 830.2 (https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-VIII/part-830/subpart-A/section-830.2), CICTT occurrence categories (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/OccurrenceCategoryDefinitions.pdf), CICTT phases of flight (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/PhaseofFlightDefinitions.pdf), and NTSB coding manual, before 2008 (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). NTSB publishes no definitions for its findings, only their names.

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