# Conducive to structural icing - Type: NTSB finding subsection - Path: [Environmental issues](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03) › [Conditions/weather/phenomena](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/0303) › [Temp/humidity/pressure](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/030310) › Conducive to structural icing - NTSB code: 03031025 - Cases: 103 - In the probable cause: 78 - Fatal cases: 51 - All cases: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03031025/cases.md - Cases with it in the probable cause: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03031025/cases.md?cause=1 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03031025 ## Cases per year (in the probable cause / all) - 2008: 7 / 7 - 2009: 8 / 9 - 2010: 7 / 10 - 2011: 4 / 13 - 2012: 6 / 6 - 2013: 9 / 11 - 2014: 4 / 5 - 2015: 3 / 4 - 2016: 3 / 5 - 2017: 3 / 3 - 2018: 8 / 9 - 2019: 4 / 4 - 2020: 1 / 2 - 2021: 3 / 3 - 2022: 2 / 3 - 2023: 2 / 2 - 2024: 3 / 5 - 2025: 0 / 1 - 2026: 1 / 1 ## Defining events in these cases - [Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240): 33 cases - [Structural icing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/210): 32 cases - [Aerodynamic stall/spin](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241): 9 cases - [VFR encounter with IMC](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/401): 4 cases - [Hard landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092): 4 cases - [Loss of engine power (partial)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342): 3 cases - [Miscellaneous/other](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900): 2 cases - [Turbulence encounter](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/360): 2 cases - [Inflight upset](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/271): 2 cases - [Controlled flight into terr/obj (CFIT)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/120): 2 cases ## Aircraft models (registry) - [Piper PA 46-350P](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-46-350p): 5 cases - [Cirrus Design SR22](https://openairdocs.org/model/cirrus-design-sr22): 3 cases - [Cessna 208B](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-208b): 3 cases - [Socata TBM 700](https://openairdocs.org/model/socata-tbm-700): 2 cases - [Raytheon 58](https://openairdocs.org/model/raytheon-58): 2 cases - [Piper PA-32-260](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-32-260): 2 cases - [Piper PA-28R-200](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28r-200): 2 cases - [Piper PA-18-150](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-18-150): 2 cases - [Gulfstream AM Corp Comm Div 690C](https://openairdocs.org/model/gulfstream-am-corp-comm-div-690c): 2 cases - [Beech A36](https://openairdocs.org/model/beech-a36): 2 cases ## Other findings in the same cases - [Decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520) (Personnel issues): 49 cases - [Aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040) (Personnel issues): 43 cases - [Airspeed](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062010) (Aircraft): 29 cases - [Performance/control parameters, general](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062000) (Aircraft): 19 cases - [Angle of attack](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062042) (Aircraft): 12 cases - [Use of equip/system](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015) (Personnel issues): 7 cases - [Weather planning](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02061020) (Personnel issues): 6 cases - [Freezing rain/sleet](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035040) (Environmental issues): 5 cases - [Turbulence, general](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03032000) (Environmental issues): 5 cases - [Preflight inspection](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02061510) (Personnel issues): 5 cases ## Newest cases - [NTSB WPR26LA126](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR26LA126), Mar 10, 2026: Cirrus Design SR20 (N619AV), Redington, AZ, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s improper decision to continue the flight into icing conditions, which resulted in the accumulation of airframe icing and a subsequent aerodynamic stall. - [NTSB ERA25LA130](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA25LA130), Feb 26, 2025: Piper PA-28-235 (N43DN), Manchester, VT, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s improper decision to continue the visual flight rules flight into instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in the accumulation of airframe icing and a subsequent aerodynamic… - [NTSB CEN25LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN25LA053), Dec 2, 2024: Piper PA-28R-200 (N41997), Boscobel, WI, substantial damage. Probable cause: The ice obstruction of the engine oil breather tube and alternate air outlet, which resulted in a failure of the crankcase oil seal and loss of engine oil. Contributing to the accident was the… - [NTSB ERA24FA209](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24FA209), May 5, 2024: Rockwell International 690A (N690BM), Palmyra, VA, destroyed, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s loss of control following an encounter with structural icing, which resulted in an inflight breakup of the airplane. - [NTSB WPR24FA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR24FA124), Apr 14, 2024: Gulfstream 695A (N965BC), San Bernardino, CA, destroyed, 1 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s continued use of the airplane’s autopilot after flight into moderate to severe icing conditions, which resulted in an exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack and an… - [NTSB WPR24FA083](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR24FA083), Feb 7, 2024: Hawker Beechcraft Hawker 900XP (N900VA), Westwater, UT, destroyed, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The flight crew’s decision to conduct a post-maintenance stall test in an area of icing conditions, which resulted in wing contamination that significantly decreased the airplane’s critical angle of… - [NTSB ERA24LA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA094), Jan 19, 2024: Cessna 208 (N1983X), Dulles, VA, incident, minor damage. Probable cause: The pilot-in-command’s approach to the critical angle of attack during initial climb, which resulted in a vibration the flight crew improperly identified as an engine issue and resulted in the… - [NTSB WPR23FA188](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23FA188), May 14, 2023: Cessna T182T (N665B), Albany, WY, destroyed, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s decision to conduct flight into an area of icing in an airplane that was prohibited from such conditions, which resulted in exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack, an… - [NTSB WPR23FA141](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23FA141), Apr 2, 2023: Cirrus Design SR22 (N424SW), Oxbow, OR, destroyed, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s continued visual flight into instrument meteorological conditions, resulting in airframe ice accretion and a subsequent loss of airplane control. - [NTSB WPR22FA173](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR22FA173), May 8, 2022: Blue Side UP Comp AIR 8 SS52 (N801DT), Grasmere, ID, substantial damage, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain proper airspeed and his exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall. NTSB has coded findings and defining events since 2008; earlier cases used its older occurrence and cause codes and aren't counted. Findings: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings.md. Defining events: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events.md. Phases of flight: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases.md. Every investigation, filtered by finding, event, phase, state, year or model: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md (for example ?state=MI&fatal=1). NTSB's definitions: Accident and incident, 49 CFR 830.2 (https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-VIII/part-830/subpart-A/section-830.2), CICTT occurrence categories (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/OccurrenceCategoryDefinitions.pdf), CICTT phases of flight (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/PhaseofFlightDefinitions.pdf), and NTSB coding manual, before 2008 (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). NTSB publishes no definitions for its findings, only their names. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.