# NTSB investigations: Conducive to structural icing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 1 of 3 · 103 cases

## Latest cases

- [NTSB WPR26LA126](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR26LA126.md): Cirrus Design SR20 · Redington, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Mar 10, 2026 · N619AV · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper decision to continue the flight into icing conditions, which resulted in the accumulation of airframe icing and a subsequent aerodynamic stall.
- [NTSB ERA25LA130](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA25LA130.md): Piper PA-28-235 · Manchester, VT · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Feb 26, 2025 · N43DN · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper decision to continue the visual flight rules flight into instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in the accumulation of airframe icing and a subsequent aerodynamic stall/spin.
- [NTSB CEN25LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN25LA053.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Boscobel, WI · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Dec 2, 2024 · N41997 · Substantial damage
  > The ice obstruction of the engine oil breather tube and alternate air outlet, which resulted in a failure of the crankcase oil seal and loss of engine oil. Contributing to the accident was the incorrect engine oil breather tube installed in the airplane by…
- [NTSB ERA24FA209](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24FA209.md): Rockwell International 690A · Palmyra, VA · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · May 5, 2024 · N690BM · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s loss of control following an encounter with structural icing, which resulted in an inflight breakup of the airplane.
- [NTSB WPR24FA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR24FA124.md): Gulfstream 695A · San Bernardino, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Apr 14, 2024 · N965BC · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s continued use of the airplane’s autopilot after flight into moderate to severe icing conditions, which resulted in an exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack and an aerodynamic stall.
- [NTSB WPR24FA083](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR24FA083.md): Hawker Beechcraft Hawker 900XP · Westwater, UT · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 2 · Field · Final report · Feb 7, 2024 · N900VA · Destroyed
  > The flight crew’s decision to conduct a post-maintenance stall test in an area of icing conditions, which resulted in wing contamination that significantly decreased the airplane’s critical angle of attack. Also causal was the airplane manufacturer’s lack of…
- [NTSB ERA24LA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA094.md): Cessna 208 · Dulles, VA · Incident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Jan 19, 2024 · N1983X · Minor damage
  > The pilot-in-command’s approach to the critical angle of attack during initial climb, which resulted in a vibration the flight crew improperly identified as an engine issue and resulted in the subsequent off-airport landing. Contributing to the accident was…
- [NTSB WPR23FA188](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23FA188.md): Cessna T182T · Albany, WY · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · May 14, 2023 · N665B · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s decision to conduct flight into an area of icing in an airplane that was prohibited from such conditions, which resulted in exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack, an aerodynamic stall/spin, and the pilot’s spatial disorientation…
- [NTSB WPR23FA141](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23FA141.md): Cirrus Design SR22 · Oxbow, OR · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Apr 2, 2023 · N424SW · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s continued visual flight into instrument meteorological conditions, resulting in airframe ice accretion and a subsequent loss of airplane control.
- [NTSB WPR22FA173](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR22FA173.md): Blue Side UP Comp AIR 8 SS52 · Grasmere, ID · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · May 8, 2022 · N801DT · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain proper airspeed and his exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall.
- [NTSB ERA22LA191](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA191.md): Piper PA-32-260 · Grantsville, MD · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Apr 16, 2022 · N3618W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s decision to continue the flight into an area of moderate to heavy icing conditions, which resulted in a degradation of airplane performance and subsequent loss of control.
- [NTSB ANC22LA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC22LA013.md): Leach Michael Rans S7S · Winnemucca, NV · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Jan 16, 2022 · N828S · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to ensure the airplane’s wings were free of contaminates before departure.
- [NTSB WPR22FA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR22FA023.md): Mooney M20M · Snoqualmie, WA · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Oct 28, 2021 · N40KA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s decision to fly the airplane into known icing conditions, which resulted in a loss of airplane control and collision with terrain.
- [NTSB WPR21LA151](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA151.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Yacolt, WA · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Mar 29, 2021 · N665FL · Substantial damage
  > A partial loss of power caused by carbon build up in the cylinders, which prevented the exhaust valves from seating properly. Contributing to the accident was flying in moderate icing conditions which resulted in reduced aircraft performance and vibrations.
- [NTSB ERA21LA122](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA122.md): Piper PA46 · Leicester, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Feb 2, 2021 · N221ST · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain the minimum airspeed for flight in icing conditions, which resulted in a loss of elevator control during approach due to ice accumulation.
- [NTSB CEN21LA101](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA101.md): Beech 65-A80-8800 · Alexandria, MN · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Dec 29, 2020 · N134BA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s decision to attempt takeoff with frost covering the airplane and rotating below the published rotation speed, which led to exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack and an aerodynamic stall.
- [NTSB CEN20FA075](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN20FA075.md): Cessna 182 · Chatham, LA · Accident · 3 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Feb 6, 2020 · N60381 · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s encounter with icing in-flight, which resulted in a loss of control and impact with terrain.
- [NTSB GAA20CA075](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA20CA075.md): Cessna 182 · Broomfield, CO · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 6, 2019 · N97596 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s inadvertent flight into icing conditions, which resulted in the accumulation of structural icing and an aerodynamic stall.
- [NTSB WPR19FA154](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR19FA154.md): Cirrus SR22 · Grover, UT · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 2 · Field · Final report · May 24, 2019 · N809SR · Destroyed
  > The pilot's encounter with moderate to severe icing conditions during cruise flight, which resulted in structural icing and a subsequent loss of control. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s decision to continue a flight route through known moderate…
- [NTSB ANC19FA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC19FA038.md): Cessna 172 · Skwentna, AK · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 2 · Field · Final report · Mar 7, 2019 · N7469A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s decision to depart into marginal visual flight rule conditions in mountainous terrain with the potential for icing, and the airplane’s accumulation of structural icing, which resulted in the pilot’s inability to maintain airplane control and the…
- [NTSB CEN19FA082](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN19FA082.md): Cessna 421 · Canadian, TX · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 2 · Field · Final report · Feb 15, 2019 · N421NS · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane while in instrument meteorological conditions with icing conditions present, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall and spin into terrain.
- [NTSB ERA19LA072](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA19LA072.md): Piper PA46 · Mayport, FL · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Dec 20, 2018 · N307JM · Destroyed
  > An in-flight loss of control following an encounter with supercooled large droplet icing conditions, which ultimately resulted in an uncontrolled descent and subsequent inflight breakup. Also causal was the pilot’s failure to maintain an appropriate airspeed…
- [NTSB GAA19CA096](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA096.md): Beech 36 · Hartford, WI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 12, 2018 · N6650M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall and impact with terrain during landing in icing conditions.
- [NTSB CEN19LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN19LA039.md): Cessna 550 · Fargo, ND · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 30, 2018 · N941JM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to lower the flaps during the approach and maintain sufficient airspeed while flying in instrument meteorological and icing conditions and the accumulation of ice on the wings’ leading edges, which resulted in the exceedance of the…
- [NTSB CEN19FA029](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN19FA029.md): Beech 55 · Liberal, KS · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 17, 2018 · N4817M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper decision to fly in an area where moderate icing conditions were forecasted in an airplane that was not certified for such conditions, and in the effort to get out of the icing conditions, his decision to fly below the minimum descent…
- [NTSB ERA19FA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA19FA039.md): Cessna 310 · Walton, NY · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 9, 2018 · N5044J · Destroyed
  > An in-flight fire of undetermined origin. Contributing to the accident were the severe icing conditions encountered during the final minutes of the flight, which led to a loss of airplane control.
- [NTSB CEN19FA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN19FA008.md): Cessna 182 · Canoncito, NM · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Oct 16, 2018 · N9326G · Substantial damage
  > The partial loss of engine power due to induction system icing. Contributing to the accident was the fractured carburetor heat control cable, which rendered the carburetor heat inoperative.
- [NTSB CEN18LA146](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN18LA146.md): Cessna T303 · Pine Ridge, SD · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 24, 2018 · N9746C · Substantial damage
  > The airplane’s inadvertent encounter with severe icing conditions during descent, which resulted in structural icing, the pilot’s inability to maintain altitude, and an emergency landing. Contributing to the accident was an incomplete preflight weather…
- [NTSB CEN18FA143](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN18FA143.md): Beech G33 · Warsaw, OH · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 16, 2018 · N9345Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's decision to continue flight in known icing conditions, which resulted in structural icing, degraded airplane performance, and a subsequent loss of control. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's failure to obtain an official weather briefing…
- [NTSB WPR18FA073](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR18FA073.md): Piper PA 23-250 · Elko, NV · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jan 12, 2018 · N54857 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight weather planning, which resulted in the flight over mountainous terrain into forecast instrument meteorological conditions, icing, and mountain wave, and resulted in an uncontrolled descent and collision with terrain.
- [NTSB CEN17CA114](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN17CA114.md): Cessna 340A · Waukesha, WI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Feb 25, 2017 · N255BC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s decision to fly in in conditions conducive to structural icing and her subsequent failure to maintain airplane control during the instrument approach.
- [NTSB ANC17TA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC17TA015.md): Piper PA-32 · Pilot Point, AK · Accident · Serious injuries · Final report · Jan 17, 2017 · N4261T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's continued flight into known icing conditions, which resulted in structural icing and a forced landing on icy, snow-covered terrain.
- [NTSB CEN17LA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN17LA076.md): Cessna 182T · Green Bay, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 11, 2017 · C-GTBI · Substantial damage
  > The airplane’s encounter with unforecast icing conditions, which led to structural icing that obscured the pilot’s vision, an aerodynamic stall, and a subsequent hard landing.
- [NTSB GAA17CA109](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA109.md): Piper PA28R · Kewanee, IL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 16, 2016 · N55484 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to extend the landing gear during the approach to land.
- [NTSB ANC17FA004](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC17FA004.md): Fairchild Heli-Porter Pilatus PC-6 · Port Alsworth, AK · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 29, 2016 · N5308F · Substantial damage
  > The airplane's collision with mountainous terrain while operating in an area of reduced visibility and icing conditions. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's inadequate preflight planning, which would have identified deteriorating weather conditions…
- [NTSB CEN16FA095](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN16FA095.md): Cirrus Design SR22T · Xenia, OH · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jan 26, 2016 · N1703 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed while turning from the base leg to final, which resulted in the wing's critical angle-of-attack being exceeded and a subsequent aerodynamic stall.
- [NTSB GAA16CA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16CA107.md): Piper PA 46 · Ottawa, KS · Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jan 19, 2016 · N113WB · Substantial damage
  > The flight crews encounter with un-forecasted freezing rain resulting in an uncontrolled descent, forced landing, and substantial damage to the airplane's firewall, and forward pressure bulkhead.
- [NTSB CEN16LA093](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN16LA093.md): Socata TBM700 · Wichita, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 19, 2016 · N602MA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain the minimum-recommended approach airspeed in icing conditions, which resulted in a loss of airplane control.
- [NTSB CEN16LA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN16LA076.md): Beech 200 · Gary, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 30, 2015 · N999VB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain the glidepath and appropriate airspeed during landing in icing conditions, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall and a hard landing.
- [NTSB CEN15LA137](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN15LA137.md): Beech A36 · Andrews, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 5, 2015 · N29AC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to note that icing conditions existed in the airport area despite having received that information in a preflight briefing, which resulted in his flight into an area of icing and the subsequent loss of airplane control due to ice…
- [NTSB CEN15LA109](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN15LA109.md): Cessna 182R · Santa Fe, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 15, 2015 · N9611H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to remove ice from the airplane’s surfaces before departure, which resulted in the airplane’s inability to attain sufficient airspeed shortly after takeoff, the subsequent exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle-of-attack, and an…
- [NTSB ERA15CA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA15CA100.md): Shannon William RV6A · Pikeville, KY · Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jan 14, 2015 · N32SN · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed during landing, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's failure to obtain a preflight weather briefing, and his subsequent flight into icing conditions, which resulted in…
- [NTSB CEN15LA091](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN15LA091.md): Cessna 208B · Roswell, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 30, 2014 · N950FE · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed to compensate for icing on the airplane's wings and control surfaces during a circling approach, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall and impact with terrain.
- [NTSB CEN15LA021](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN15LA021.md): Raytheon 58 · Dixon, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 4, 2014 · N345PG · Substantial damage
  > The pilots’ improper decision to continue flight in icing conditions after the deicing boots could not shed accumulated ice, which resulted in a temporary loss of airplane control.
- [NTSB CEN14IA139](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN14IA139.md): Cirrus Design SR22 · Gunnison, CO · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Feb 14, 2014 · N18DN · Minor damage
  > The pilot's improper decision to initiate the flight into an area with forecast icing conditions, which resulted in an encounter with in-flight icing conditions that prevented the airplane from being able to maintain altitude.
- [NTSB DCA14FA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA14FA058.md): Embraer EMB145 - EP · Memphis, TN · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Feb 5, 2014 · N802HK · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the flight crew to adequately monitor the system for proper operation and manually activate the system during the flight in icing conditions. Contributing to the accident was the crew's limited training on the manual operation of the anti-ice…
- [NTSB ERA14FA112](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA14FA112.md): Gulfstream AM Corp Comm Div 690 · Bellevue, TN · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Feb 3, 2014 · N840V · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed with one engine inoperative, which resulted in a loss of control while on approach. Contributing to the accident were airframe ice accumulation due to conditions conducive to icing and the loss of engine power on one…
- [NTSB WPR14CA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR14CA067.md): Beech 58P · Kalispell, MT · Accident · Serious injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 9, 2013 · N53MT · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airplane control during the landing sequence.
- [NTSB ANC14CA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC14CA010.md): Bellanca 7GCBC · Soldotna, AK · Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 4, 2013 · N88342 · Substantial damage
  > The operation of the airplane by the uncertificated student pilot, his failure to recognize conditions conducive to structural icing, and subsequent decision to depart in conditions conducive to structural icing, resulting in a severe icing encounter and…
- [NTSB WPR14FA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR14FA094.md): Beech B36TC · Yellow Pine, ID · Accident · 5 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Dec 1, 2013 · N36ML · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s continued flight into known light-to-moderate icing conditions over mountainous terrain. Contributing to the accident was the loss of engine power due to induction icing.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03031025/cases.md?page=2

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT f.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_findings.parquet' f WHERE starts_with(f."findingCode", '03031025'))
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03031025/cases

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