# Below approach minima - Type: NTSB finding subsection - Path: [Environmental issues](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03) › [Conditions/weather/phenomena](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/0303) › [Ceiling/visibility/precip](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/030350) › Below approach minima - NTSB code: 03035070 - Cases: 11 - In the probable cause: 8 - Fatal cases: 7 - All cases: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035070/cases.md - Cases with it in the probable cause: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035070/cases.md?cause=1 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035070 ## Cases per year (in the probable cause / all) - 2008: 1 / 1 - 2009: 0 / 1 - 2010: 2 / 2 - 2011: 2 / 2 - 2012: 0 / 1 - 2014: 1 / 1 - 2016: 0 / 1 - 2021: 2 / 2 ## Defining events in these cases - [Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240): 5 cases - [Controlled flight into terr/obj (CFIT)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/120): 3 cases - [Landing area overshoot](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/380): 1 cases - [Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300): 1 cases - [Aerodynamic stall/spin](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241): 1 cases ## Aircraft models (registry) - [Beech A36](https://openairdocs.org/model/beech-a36): 2 cases - [Raytheon 1900D](https://openairdocs.org/model/raytheon-1900d): 1 cases - [Piper PA46-500TP](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa46-500tp): 1 cases - [Piper PA-34-200T](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-34-200t): 1 cases - [Mooney M20E](https://openairdocs.org/model/mooney-m20e): 1 cases - [Cessna T310R](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-t310r): 1 cases - [Cessna 172M](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172m): 1 cases - [Beech B200](https://openairdocs.org/model/beech-b200): 1 cases - [Beech F33A](https://openairdocs.org/model/beech-f33a): 1 cases - [Agusta A109S](https://openairdocs.org/model/agusta-a109s): 1 cases ## Other findings in the same cases - [Aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040) (Personnel issues): 4 cases - [Decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520) (Personnel issues): 4 cases - [Low ceiling](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035010) (Environmental issues): 2 cases - [Incorrect action performance](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041015) (Personnel issues): 2 cases - [Incorrect action selection](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041010) (Personnel issues): 2 cases - [Spatial disorientation](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022025) (Personnel issues): 2 cases - [Altitude](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062012) (Aircraft): 2 cases - [Performance/control parameters, general](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062000) (Aircraft): 2 cases - [Policy/procedure, general](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/04021000) (Organizational issues): 1 cases - [Dark](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03036020) (Environmental issues): 1 cases ## Newest cases - [NTSB CEN22FA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22FA069), Dec 11, 2021: Piper PA46-500TP (N744Z), Steamboat Springs, CO, substantial damage, 1 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to adhere to the published instrument approach procedure, which resulted in controlled flight into terrain. - [NTSB ERA21LA101](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA101), Jan 13, 2021: Beech F33 (N266DC), Columbia, SC, destroyed, 1 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot's in-flight loss of airplane control due to spatial disorientation during a missed approach in instrument meteorological conditions. - [NTSB CEN16FA372](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN16FA372), Sep 17, 2016: Agusta A109 (N91NM), Alexandria, MN, destroyed. Probable cause: The pilot's excessive cyclic input during a missed approach maneuver in night instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in a loss of control and spiraling descent into terrain. - [NTSB CEN15FA087](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN15FA087), Dec 24, 2014: Piper PA-34-200T (N38884), Port Huron, MI, destroyed, 1 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s decision to continue flight below the minimum descent altitude without visually acquiring the runway and his delayed and improperly executed missed approach procedure in instrument… - [NTSB CEN13LA088](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN13LA088), Dec 3, 2012: Cessna 172M (N9853Q), Rochester, MN, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s spatial disorientation during the instrument approach in night, instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in the airplane descending below decision height and impacting terrain… - [NTSB CEN11FA417](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN11FA417), Jun 24, 2011: Beech A36 (N88MN), Charlevoix, MI, substantial damage, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot's inadequate airspeed while maneuvering at low altitude, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's decision to not execute a missed approach in… - [NTSB WPR11FA170](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR11FA170), Mar 19, 2011: Cessna T310R (N4914A), Butte, MT, substantial damage, 1 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot's loss of airplane control during the missed approach for undetermined reasons. Contributing to the accident was the rapid and unforecast deterioration of the weather conditions to below… - [NTSB CEN11FA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN11FA124), Dec 22, 2010: Mooney M20E (N79869), Colorado Springs, CO, substantial damage, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot’s decision to initiate an approach into weather conditions where the ceiling and visibility were below the minimums for the approach and where reported icing existed, in an airplane not… - [NTSB CEN10LA105](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN10LA105), Jan 19, 2010: Beech B200 (N586BC), Sioux City, IA, substantial damage. Probable cause: The flight crew's decision to attempt a flight that was below takeoff, landing, and alternate airport weather minimums, which led to a touchdown off the runway surface by the pilot-in-command. - [NTSB CEN10FA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN10FA069), Dec 9, 2009: Beech A36 (N1105N), Eagle Pass, TX, destroyed, 1 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot's decision to continue the approach below minimums without visual references, and subsequent collision with the perimeter fence/terrain. NTSB has coded findings and defining events since 2008; earlier cases used its older occurrence and cause codes and aren't counted. Findings: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings.md. Defining events: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events.md. Phases of flight: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases.md. Every investigation, filtered by finding, event, phase, state, year or model: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md (for example ?state=MI&fatal=1). NTSB's definitions: Accident and incident, 49 CFR 830.2 (https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-VIII/part-830/subpart-A/section-830.2), CICTT occurrence categories (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/OccurrenceCategoryDefinitions.pdf), CICTT phases of flight (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/data/Documents/datafiles/PhaseofFlightDefinitions.pdf), and NTSB coding manual, before 2008 (PDF) (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). NTSB publishes no definitions for its findings, only their names. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.