# NTSB investigations: Standing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 16 of 42 · 2,085 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB ATL94LA178](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94LA178.md): Piper PA-28-235B · Kill Devil Hill, NC · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 23, 1994 · N622MK · No damage
  > The pilot's failure to assure that the passenger did not exit the airplane while the propeller was still turning.
- [NTSB ANC94LA136](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC94LA136.md): Cessna 140 · Willow, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 13, 1994 · N76680 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper starting procedures. Factors in the accident were the unavailability of a parking brake and tiedowns to secure the airplane.
- [NTSB LAX94LA347](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA347.md): Cessna 182P · Mesa, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1994 · N58645 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to properly secure the aircraft prior to a start attempt by handpropping.
- [NTSB MIA94LA202](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA202.md): Taylorcraft BC-12-D · Punta Gorda, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 30, 1994 · N39283 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot-in-command to tiedown the airplane prior to attempting an engine start by hand propping. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's complacency.
- [NTSB MIA94LA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA190.md): Cessna 152 · Clearwater, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 7, 1994 · N67334 · Minor damage
  > The pilot-in-command's decision to intentionally exit the airplane with the engine running, and failure to maintain a clearance from the propeller. The improper aircraft preflight was a factor.
- [NTSB NYC94LA144](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA144.md): de Havilland DHC-8-311 · Washington, DC · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 1, 1994 · N433AW · Substantial damage
  > The vehicle operator's improper handling of the baggage tractor resulting in loss of control of a second baggage tractor being pushed and its subsequent collision with the airplane.
- [NTSB ANC94FA089](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC94FA089.md): Aerospatiale AS-350 · Juneau, AK · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jul 20, 1994 · N39GT · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable landing terrain. A factor was the crevasse in the ice.
- [NTSB NYC94LA117](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA117.md): WSK PZL Wilga 80 · Churchville, MD · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 11, 1994 · N7080B · No damage
  > Improper starting procedure by the pilot.
- [NTSB ANC94LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC94LA064.md): Hiller FH1100 · Tyonek, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 4, 1994 · N746FH · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing which resulted in a dynamic rollover. A factor was the soft landing area selected.
- [NTSB FTW94LA180](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA180.md): Cessna 182A · Roland, AR · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · May 25, 1994 · N3848D · Minor damage
  > Both the pilot and passenger's failure to follow procedure/directives.
- [NTSB SEA94FA121](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94FA121.md): Aero Commander 500A · Livermore, CA · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 20, 1994 · N601MK · Destroyed
  > A fuel system leak, inadequate preflight by the pilot (PIC), and by the non-flying pilot/passenger intentionally allowing operation of the aircraft with a known deficiency (fuel leak). A factor related to the accident was: the lack of suitable terrain for a…
- [NTSB LAX94LA220](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA220.md): Robinson R22-B · Stockton, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 19, 1994 · N140PH · 2 aircraft · Substantial damage
  > A failure of the pilot-in-command of a landing helicopter to maintain sufficient clearance from a second helicopter.
- [NTSB FTW94LA182](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA182.md): Cessna 182P · Boerne, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 19, 1994 · N6504M · No damage
  > The pilot-in-command's inadequate supervision of his deplaning passenger.
- [NTSB FTW94LA148](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA148.md): Cessna 140 · Lancaster, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 8, 1994 · N111NZ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to use tie downs and proper assistance during the hand propping engine start.
- [NTSB LAX94LA209](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA209.md): Cessna 182P · Phoenix, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 1, 1994 · N1454S · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to ensure that the magneto switch was in the off position prior to rotating the propeller by hand.
- [NTSB SEA94LA105](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA105.md): Cessna 152 · Auburn, WA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 20, 1994 · N159BC · No damage
  > Clearance was not maintained by an other person. A factor to the accident was: procedures/directives were inadequate.
- [NTSB MIA94LA118](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA118.md): Cessna 310J · Ocala, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 10, 1994 · N310JF · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to assure the generators were engaged before flight (failed to follow the checklist).
- [NTSB MIA94LA096](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA096.md): Luscombe 8A · Wimauma, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 18, 1994 · N71891 · No damage
  > The failure of the person removing the chock to maintain sufficient clearance from the propeller. A contributing factor was the total lack of experience by person on ground.
- [NTSB LAX94LA147](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA147.md): Cessna 150H · Sacramento, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 4, 1994 · N22682 · No damage
  > the child's disregard for prescribed safety procedures which was compounded by the diminishing lighting conditions existing at the time, and her lack of familiarity with an aviation environment.
- [NTSB NYC94LA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA051.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Falls Of Rough, KY · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 3, 1994 · N4487J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate tiedown and starting procedure which resulted in a runaway aircraft, which subsequently collided with a building.
- [NTSB NYC94LA050](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA050.md): Bell 47G-5 · Plymouth, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 1, 1994 · N7043J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate clearance of the fuel truck from the aircraft, which resulted in the main rotor striking the fuel hose and truck during refueling operation. A factor was the pilot's failure to follow company policy pertaining to the…
- [NTSB LAX94LA136](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA136.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Santa Rosa, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 23, 1994 · N20BS · No damage
  > A failure of the pilot-in-command to ensure that the powerplant controls were configured properly before moving the aircraft propeller. Inadequate planning/decision making was a factor in this accident.
- [NTSB BFO94LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA041.md): Cessna 150 · Lima, OH · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 18, 1994 · N7843E · Minor damage
  > The failure of the passenger to maintain clerance from the propeller.
- [NTSB ATL94LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94LA042.md): Cessna 182D · Donalsonville, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 22, 1994 · N8980X · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to clear the induction systems of excessive fuel.
- [NTSB BFO94LA033](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA033.md): Cessna 152 · Georgetown, DE · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 21, 1994 · N95537 · No damage
  > The failure of ground personnel to maintain clearance from the engine propeller.
- [NTSB CHI94IA066](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94IA066.md): British Aerospace ATP · South Bend, IN · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Jan 19, 1994 · N857AW · No damage
  > an internal failure of the auxiliary power unit.
- [NTSB MIA94IA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94IA043.md): Boeing 767-322 · Miami, FL · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Jan 1, 1994 · N648UA · No damage
  > Emergency procedure initiated by an unqualified person.
- [NTSB NYC94LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA041.md): Cessna 172N · Bar Harbor, ME · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 17, 1993 · N5753E · Substantial damage
  > A disconnected fuel line with the carburetor not installed, and improper dispatch of the aircraft.
- [NTSB LAX94LA050](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA050.md): Cessna 172RG · Santa Ana, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 18, 1993 · N9620B · 2 aircraft · Substantial damage
  > were the CFI's inadequate supervision of the flight and his delay in taking remedial action. The dual student's excessive taxi speed and the worn right brake lining were factors in this accident.
- [NTSB MIA94LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA019.md): Cessna 421 · Miami, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 10, 1993 · N1600B · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot-in-command to obtain the proper assistance after being notified of a fuel leak from the left wing fuel tanks after refueling.
- [NTSB BFO94LA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA002.md): Fairchild SA 227-AC · Newark, NJ · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 5, 1993 · N550TD · No damage
  > 1) The failure of the ramp agent to follow proper procedures during the servicing of the airplane, and 2) her lack of attention to the hazards surrounding her. Factors related to the accident are 1) the pressure placed on the ramp agent to rush the servicing…
- [NTSB MIA94LA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA009.md): Grumman American AA-5B · Fort Myers, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 17, 1993 · N28930 · Minor damage
  > Improper decision by the other person (pilot's mother) to go to the airplane, while the pilot was making checks in preparation for flight, and her failure to identify the hazardous condition (turning propeller).
- [NTSB MIA94LA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA007.md): Cessna 182-P · Orlando, FL · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 15, 1993 · N20718 · Minor damage
  > The pilot's improper procedures and his complacency during his attempts to start the engine.
- [NTSB FTW93GA269](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93GA269.md): Bell 206B · Wht Sands Mr, NM · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Sep 29, 1993 · N39049 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to land an adequate distance away from the unsecured parachute.
- [NTSB FTW93LA266](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA266.md): Beech A36 · Houston, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 27, 1993 · N80010 · Destroyed
  > The fuel leak which resulted from the mechanic's improper installation of the fuel line. A factor was the lead mechanic's inadequate post run up inspection.
- [NTSB BFO93LA186](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA186.md): Piper PA-24-260 · Niagara Falls, NY · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 26, 1993 · N8992P · No damage
  > The pilot's failure to follow starting procedures and his inadequate preflight inspection by not removing the wheel chocks and the passenger not maintaining clearance from the propeller.
- [NTSB SEA93LA209](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA209.md): Aerospatiale SA 315B · Avery, ID · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 24, 1993 · N351RM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of the cyclic control.
- [NTSB ANC93IA183](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93IA183.md): Cessna 180C · Anchorage, AK · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Sep 22, 1993 · N9211T · Minor damage
  > A frayed fuel hose.
- [NTSB ANC93LA171](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA171.md): Piper PA-12 · Ptarmigan Pass, AK · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 6, 1993 · N3629M · No damage
  > The pilot inadvertently walked into a turning propeller. Factors in the accident were the soft runway which mired the airplane and the pilot's diverted attention during the attempt to free the airplane.
- [NTSB NYC93LA172](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA172.md): Bellanca 7ECA · Ashland, NH · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1993 · N82819 · No damage
  > The pilot's improper decision to leave the airplane unattended with the engine operating.
- [NTSB FTW93LA209](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA209.md): Cessna 172G · Longview, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 8, 1993 · N3631L · Minor damage
  > The pilot's failure to follow procedures.
- [NTSB LAX93GA270](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93GA270.md): Bell 206L-3 · Agoura Hills, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Jun 30, 1993 · N911VC · Destroyed
  > The improper configuration of the aerial ignition device by the crew chief and an inadvertent activation of the unit by the pilot. The improper installation and configuration of the unit by maintenance personnel, inadequate crew coordination, and insufficient…
- [NTSB ANC93LA105](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA105.md): Piper PA-31-350 · Gambell, AK · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 29, 1993 · N4112D · No damage
  > Intentional personal injury. Factors in the accident were: the person's psychological condition, and the lack of sufficient procedures/airport staff by the operator(s).
- [NTSB CHI93LA222](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA222.md): Cessna 172 · St. Cloud, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 25, 1993 · N1670Y · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper starting procedures.
- [NTSB FTW93LA179](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA179.md): Grumman-Schweizer G-164B · Kaplan, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 5, 1993 · N6693Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to have the airplane properly attended during start when people were available. A factor was the inadequate tie down rope.
- [NTSB DEN93FA066](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93FA066.md): Cessna 310J · Broomfield, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jun 5, 1993 · N3005L · Destroyed
  > Friction of escaping oxygen under high pressure igniting a lubricant in the nosewheel well area, and improper aircraft servicing by maintenance personnel.
- [NTSB CHI93LA176](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA176.md): Cessna 172 · Plainwell, MI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 16, 1993 · N8657B · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's initiating hand starting of the airplane unattended by a qualified person.
- [NTSB CHI93LA327](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA327.md): British Aerospace ATP · Green Bay, WI · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 7, 1993 · N852AW · No damage
  > the passenger's loss of footing (miscellaneous).
- [NTSB FTW93LA147](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA147.md): Raven S-55A · Bentonville, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 1, 1993 · N6465K · Substantial damage
  > Aircraft control was not maintained by the pilot. A factor was unfavorable winds
- [NTSB NYC93LA095](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA095.md): Macphee RV6 · Farmingdale, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 30, 1993 · N726WM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper starting procedure, which caused the airplane to nose down.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/150/cases.md?page=17

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 150)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/150/cases?page=16

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