# NTSB investigations: Takeoff

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 105 of 281 · 14,038 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB NYC97LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA086.md): Cessna 177 · Lancaster, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 30, 1997 · N2921X · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's inadequate supervision and his failure to maintain directional control during the takeoff roll, which resulted in the airplane departing the runway and striking the precision approach path indicator lights.
- [NTSB CHI97IA117](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97IA117.md): Boeing 737-200 · Chicago, IL · Incident · Minor injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Apr 28, 1997 · N9063U · Minor damage
  > inadequate nickel plating was applied to the compressor disk during the rework process at the operator's overhaul facility, which resulted in a brittle fracture in the disk and an uncontained engine failure. A factor was the operator's lack of written…
- [NTSB ATL97LA063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97LA063.md): Rockwell S-2R · Lincolnton, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 26, 1997 · N8473V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight planning of the fuel requirement for this flight that resulted in fuel exhaustion and the subsequent loss of engine power.
- [NTSB ANC97LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA053.md): Piper PA-12 · Nikiski, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1997 · N92793 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper installation of the landing gear wheel.
- [NTSB CHI97LA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA104.md): Cessna 177 · Harrisburg, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 15, 1997 · N3322T · Destroyed
  > the loss of engine power followed by an engine fire for reason or reasons undetermined.
- [NTSB MIA97LA138](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA138.md): Piper PA-28-160 · Pickens, SC · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 14, 1997 · N5363W · Substantial damage
  > failure of the student pilot to maintain directional control during the takeoff roll from a touch-and-go landing, which resulted in the airplane going off the side of the runway, down an embankment, and into brush/trees.
- [NTSB ATL97FA057](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97FA057.md): Douglas C54A-DC · Griffin, GA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 4, 1997 · N83FA · Destroyed
  > The flightcrew's inadequate procedures, during a rejected takeoff following a possible engine malfunction at a critical time in the takeoff, and the second pilot's physical impairment.
- [NTSB SEA97LA079](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA079.md): Rose VP-1 · Gardiner, WA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 30, 1997 · N89PR · Destroyed
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain control of the aircraft. Factors contributing to the accident were gusty and high winds.
- [NTSB FTW97LA143](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA143.md): Cessna 180D · Erie, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 27, 1997 · N6484X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airplane directional control. A factor was the crosswind.
- [NTSB FTW97LA140](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA140.md): Air Tractor AT-502 · Watson, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 23, 1997 · N9185G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain lift off speed and the ground loop/swerve encountered. Factors were the gravel and soft terrain at the end of the runway.
- [NTSB FTW97LA139](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA139.md): Piper PA-16 · Abilene, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 20, 1997 · N6883K · Substantial damage
  > The unlatching of the front bench seat for an undetermined reason.
- [NTSB ANC97LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA043.md): Cessna 170B · Fairbanks, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 16, 1997 · N3486C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the takeoff roll.
- [NTSB CHI97LA087](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA087.md): Cessna T210 · Janesville, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 15, 1997 · N6677N · Substantial damage
  > the pilot inadvertently retracting the landing gear during the takeoff roll.
- [NTSB CHI97FA083](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97FA083.md): McDonnell Douglas DC-9-87 · Detroit, MI · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 14, 1997 · N753RA · Substantial damage
  > the captains failure to have the airplane deiced prior to takeoff which resulted in ice ingestion into both engines. Factors associated with the accident were the icing weather conditions, wing ice, an inadequate detection of the ice during the preflight, and…
- [NTSB SEA97IA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97IA071.md): McDonnell Douglas DC-8-71F · Portland, OR · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Mar 12, 1997 · N830BX · No damage
  > improper installation of four attach bolts on the elevator drive torque tube.
- [NTSB ATL97LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97LA048.md): Bill Parson Parson 2+2 · Bunnell, FL · Accident · 2 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 11, 1997 · N254WP · Destroyed
  > The owner/pilot mechanic's improper bending of the front flight control stick that resulted in an fatigue failure, and the subsequent loss of flight control.
- [NTSB FTW97IA119](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97IA119.md): Boeing 727-2K5 · Dfw Airport, TX · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Mar 10, 1997 · N909PG · Minor damage
  > failure of the outer bearing for undetermined reason(s).
- [NTSB MIA97FA095](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97FA095.md): Cessna T210L · Meridianville, AL · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 6, 1997 · N2142S · Destroyed
  > the pilot's improper decision to takeoff downwind which resulted in his failure to maintain control of the airplane. The winds were a factor.
- [NTSB ANC97LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA030.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Dillingham, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 26, 1997 · N32979 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for departure, and his inadequate evaluation of the wind conditions. Factors associated with the accident were: a snow/slush covered runway, and a quartering tailwind.
- [NTSB ANC97LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA028.md): Cessna 185F · Delta Junction, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 23, 1997 · N93189 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation of wind conditins, and failure to maintain directional control during the takeoff run. The crosswind was a related factor.
- [NTSB NYC97LA056](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA056.md): Cessna 150 · Clarksville, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 20, 1997 · N11438 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control and failure to abort the takeoff.
- [NTSB FTW97LA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA107.md): Piper PA-32R-300 · Salida, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 18, 1997 · N4477F · Substantial damage
  > The airplane's performance being exceeded due to the pilot's inadequate preflight planning. Factors were the uphill runway, high density altitude, and the pilot's lack of experience performing takeoffs from a high altitude airport.
- [NTSB CHI97TA070](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97TA070.md): Cessna 172 · Oconto, WI · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Feb 15, 1997 · N61914 · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to maintain proper runway alignment and thus clearance with the snow drifts during takeoff. A factor was the distance the snow drifts extended past the runway edge.
- [NTSB ATL97IA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97IA042.md): Boeing 727-232 · Atlanta, GA · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Feb 13, 1997 · N416DA · Minor damage
  > failure of ground service personnel to properly close the aft cargo door before the airplane departed.
- [NTSB LAX97LA099](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA099.md): Ayres S2R-T65 · Firebaugh, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 8, 1997 · N3101K · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to compensate for crosswind conditions and to maintain proper runway alignment. Factors relating to the accident were: the crosswind, narrow runway condition, and the soft terrain and ditch beside the runway.
- [NTSB MIA97LA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA084.md): Hughes 269A · Homosassa, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 7, 1997 · N9061R · Substantial damage
  > the unqualified person's poor judgment, by taking the helicopter without the owner's permission and attempting an unauthorized flight at night; and his failure (or inability) to maintain control the helicopter. Darkness was a related factor.
- [NTSB CHI97LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA064.md): Cessna 150G · Dowagiac, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 1, 1997 · N4655X · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control. A factor was the snowbank.
- [NTSB MIA97LA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA071.md): Socata TB-9 · Daytona Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 22, 1997 · N121ER · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's failure to maintain direction control of the airplane during takeoff. The crosswind was a factor.
- [NTSB FTW97LA082](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA082.md): John T. Garrett Baby Great Lakes · El Paso, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 14, 1997 · N1030G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control during takeoff.
- [NTSB CHI97LA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA051.md): Piper PA-32-260 · St. Ignace, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 13, 1997 · N33797 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain proper runway alignment during the takeoff roll. A factor associated with the accident was the snowbank which the airplane contacted.
- [NTSB LAX97LA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA084.md): Beech N35 · Holbrook, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 9, 1997 · N7HB · Substantial damage
  > fatigue failure of the propeller hub, which resulted in separation of the propeller assembly and reduction of aircraft control. Also causal was: the resultant lack of compliance with Airworthiness Directive (AD) 89-26-08, due to ambiguous and unclear wording…
- [NTSB IAD97LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD97LA041.md): Cessna 152 · Blue Bell, PA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 9, 1997 · N68304 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate handling of the airplane and failure to maintain adequate airspeed, which resulted in a stall, and collision with the ground.
- [NTSB IAD97FA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD97FA039.md): Aerostar 601P · Chesapeake, VA · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jan 3, 1997 · N3CD · Destroyed
  > failure of the pilot to maintain proper altitude/clearance above the ground after takeoff. A related factor was the pilot's self-induced pressure to depart before the arrival of bad weather.
- [NTSB MIA97LA056](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA056.md): Cessna 441 · Lakeland, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 2, 1997 · N441MS · Destroyed
  > Failure of the electronic engine control, which caused an overtorque condition in the right engine that made directional control of the airplane not possible by the pilot when the power to the left engine was retarded to idle during the takeoff roll.
- [NTSB MIA97LA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA054.md): Cessna 150K · Daytona Beach, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 1, 1997 · N5813G · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper planning/decision, by failing to ensure there was sufficient fuel for continued flight, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and subsequent collision with objects (concrete blocks) during a forced landing. Factors relating to the accident…
- [NTSB MIA97IA050](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97IA050.md): Douglas DC8-62 · Orlando, FL · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Dec 31, 1996 · N804AX · Minor damage
  > The failure of the captain to center the rudder and close all engine throttles during an aborted takeoff resulting in an uncontrolled turn to the right due to nose wheel steering through the rudder pedals and asymmetric engine thrust. A factor in the incident…
- [NTSB LAX97LA081](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA081.md): Globe GC-1B · Jean, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 31, 1996 · N3325K · Substantial damage
  > The failure of both pilots to maintain directional control of the aircraft, and the instructor's inadequate supervision of the flight. A factor in the accident was the limited conventional gear experience of both pilots.
- [NTSB NYC97LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA028.md): Cessna 152 · Mansfield, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 11, 1996 · N68180 · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the takeoff roll, which resulted in the airplane veering into a snowbank. The proximity of the snowbank was a related factor.
- [NTSB ANC97LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA010.md): Cessna 172M · Bethel, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 4, 1996 · N20024 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper planning/decision, and resultant failure to obtain/maintain sufficient airspeed during takeoff. A factor related the accident was: taking off with a tailwind.
- [NTSB LAX97LA055](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA055.md): Cessna 170A · El Cajon, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 28, 1996 · N1729D · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain directional control, which resulted in a ground swerve. The pilot's low total time in conventional gear aircraft was a related factor.
- [NTSB NYC97LA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA020.md): Zukowski EAA Biplane · Williamsport, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 23, 1996 · N818Z · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate preflight preparation, which resulted in opening of the unsecured canopy during the takeoff roll, and subsequent loss of directional control and a nose over. A factor was: the pilot's failure to use a checklist.
- [NTSB FTW97IA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97IA045.md): McDonnell Douglas MD-82 · Dfw Airport, TX · Incident · Minor injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Nov 23, 1996 · N3507A · Minor damage
  > The failure of the low pressure turbine shaft. A factor was the coke build up on the low pressure turbine shaft.
- [NTSB IAD97FA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD97FA023.md): Beech 65-A90 · Orange, VA · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 16, 1996 · N814SW · Destroyed
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight inspection and his failure to complete the pretakeoff checklist which resulted in a takeoff roll with the control lock in place.
- [NTSB LAX97LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA041.md): Beech F33A · Marana, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 14, 1996 · N1567P · Substantial damage
  > improper planning/decision by the flight instructor (CFI), which resulted in his failure to recover from a descent during demonstration of a simulated (engine-out) emergency procedure.
- [NTSB ATL97LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97LA018.md): Piper PA-30-160 · Cartersville, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 11, 1996 · N7392Y · Substantial damage
  > the flight instructor's (CFI's) inadequate supervision by failing to ensure that directional control of the aircraft was maintained, during a simulated engine failure. The student pilot's delay in performing the appropriate single-engine emergency procedure…
- [NTSB LAX97LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA045.md): Air Tractor AT-401 · Calexico, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 9, 1996 · N1014N · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's premature lift-off from the runway and his failure to attain adequate airspeed.
- [NTSB SEA97LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA028.md): Piper PA-28-151 · Bruneau, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 7, 1996 · N32518 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to perform adequate preflight planning to ensure that the aircraft could complete a takeoff in the distance available. Factors relating to the accident included: a short takeoff area, and a dirt bank at the end of the road from which the…
- [NTSB ATL97FA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97FA014.md): Piper PA-24-250 · Avon Park, FL · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 31, 1996 · N8353P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of the elevator trim, which resulted in runway contact by the propeller during the takeoff roll and subsequent loss of aircraft control.
- [NTSB CHI97MA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97MA017.md): Gulfstream G-IV · Wheeling, IL · Accident · 4 fatal · Major investigation · Final report · Oct 30, 1996 · N23AC · Destroyed
  > failure of the pilot-in-command (PIC) to maintain directional control of the airplane during the takeoff roll in a gusty crosswind, his failure to abort the takeoff, and failure of the copilot to adequately monitor and/or take sufficient remedial action to…
- [NTSB SEA97LA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA020.md): Karmy Rotorway Exec · Redmond, OR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 25, 1996 · N728PC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to remove the dolly wheels during the preflight inspection.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/300/cases.md?page=106

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 300)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/300/cases?page=105

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