# NTSB investigations: Takeoff

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 92 of 281 · 14,038 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB NYC01LA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA124.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Elizabethtown, KY · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 12, 2001 · N6899W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the takeoff roll.
- [NTSB SEA01LA081](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA01LA081.md): de Havilland DHC-2 · Seattle, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 30, 2001 · N6781L · Substantial damage
  > The high wind conditions encountered as the aircraft began its takeoff roll. Contributing factors were the variable and gusty wind conditions.
- [NTSB IAD01LA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD01LA047.md): Stinson 108 · White Post, VA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 26, 2001 · N97168 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to remove frost from the airplane prior to departure. A factor in the accident was the tall wet grass.
- [NTSB SEA01LA075](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA01LA075.md): Cessna 177RG · Seattle, WA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 21, 2001 · N8283G · Substantial damage
  > the reverse rigging of the aileron flight control system resulting in aileron deflections opposite that of the pilot's inputs which lead to an uncontrolled descent into the terrain. Factors include the pilot's failure to detect the misrigged ailerons during…
- [NTSB MIA01LA125](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA01LA125.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Chapel Hill, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 19, 2001 · N118AW · Substantial damage
  > The loss of engine power for undetermined reasons during takeoff, resulting in an inflight collision with trees during the subsequent emergency landing. A factor in the accident was the lack of suitable terrain to conduct an emergency landing.
- [NTSB SEA01LA072](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA01LA072.md): Maule M-4-210C · Bonners Ferry, ID · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 16, 2001 · N51463 · Substantial damage
  > Inadequate preflight inspection/preparation of the aircraft by the pilot and consequent foreign object fouling of the rudder control, rendering directional control impossible. A factor was the pilot's distraction/preoccupation with personal problems.
- [NTSB CHI01LA116](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA116.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Culver, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 13, 2001 · N3573S · Substantial damage
  > the CFI delayed remedial action during the takeoff. Additional factors were the wrong runway was selected, the tailwind, and the trees.
- [NTSB MIA01LA120](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA01LA120.md): Henry Pelican · Lakeland, FL · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 9, 2001 · N696DH · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's delay in aborting the takeoff in a downwind condition resulting in an overrun and subsequent collision with a ditch. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's failure to conduct performance planning for the flight.
- [NTSB LAX01LA142](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA142.md): Schweizer 2-33A · Peoria, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 8, 2001 · N7778S · Substantial damage
  > The glider's encounter with a dust devil during takeoff that resulted in a loss of control.
- [NTSB NYC01LA092](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA092.md): Piper PA-28R-180 · Lexington, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 4, 2001 · N4586J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the runway conditions. Factors included the soggy runway conditions, and the lack of available takeoff performance data in the owners manual.
- [NTSB FTW01LA105](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW01LA105.md): Cessna 195B · Conroe, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 1, 2001 · N195S · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to compensate for the wind conditions during takeoff, which resulted in a ground loop.
- [NTSB DEN01LA080](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA080.md): Fox Pegazair 100 · Angel Fire, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 1, 2001 · N679WB · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control during takeoff. A contributing factors was the gusty crosswind condition.
- [NTSB ANC01LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC01LA045.md): Piper PA-22-108 · Palmer, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 31, 2001 · N4606Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable takeoff area. A factor associated with the accident was rough/uneven terrain.
- [NTSB DEN01LA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA078.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Grand Junction, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 29, 2001 · N9464D · Substantial damage
  > Failure by the pilot to maintain directional control during takeoff roll. A factor was a crosswind.
- [NTSB SEA01LA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA01LA069.md): Cessna 180H · Coeur d'Alene, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 27, 2001 · N2780X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control during the aborted takeoff. A factor was gusty crosswinds.
- [NTSB ANC01LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC01LA042.md): Cessna 180 · Soldotna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 22, 2001 · N1702C · Substantial damage
  > The private pilot/student's inadequate compensation for crosswind conditions and subsequent loss of directional control of the airplane during a touch and go, and the instructor pilot's inadequate supervision of the flight. Factors in the accident were a…
- [NTSB CHI01LA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA107.md): Cessna 172K · Holland, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 20, 2001 · N79301 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot failed to maintain directional control of the airplane. Factors included the soft ground and the runway lights.
- [NTSB CHI01FA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01FA104.md): Airbus Industrie A320-200 · Detroit, MI · Accident · Minor injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 17, 2001 · N357NW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot induced oscillations and the delay in aborting the takeoff. Factors associated with the accident were the first officer used an improper trim setting and the captain did not identify and correct the setting during the taxi checklist, and the wet…
- [NTSB LAX01IA118](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01IA118.md): McDonnell Douglas MD-88 · Tucson, AZ · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Mar 15, 2001 · N996DL · Minor damage
  > the failure of 4th stage turbine blades during takeoff roll, which resulted in a dynamic imbalance in the engine.
- [NTSB FTW01LA075](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW01LA075.md): Cessna 172F · Clovis, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 6, 2001 · N5175F · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control during take off roll resulting in a ground loop. A contributing factor was the crosswind.
- [NTSB ANC01LA040](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC01LA040.md): Taylorcraft 19 · Salcha, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 4, 2001 · N22N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to compensate for a tailwind during takeoff, and his delay in aborting the takeoff. Factors in the accident were a tailwind, and snow-covered terrain.
- [NTSB IAD01LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD01LA036.md): Lenart Rotorway Exec 162F · Wallingford, CT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 3, 2001 · N929BL · Substantial damage
  > flight instructor's failure to follow published checklist procedures, which resulted in the forward ballast weight not being moved to the tailboom prior to departure.
- [NTSB LAX01LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA106.md): Ascher Yakolev YAK 11 · Ione, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 27, 2001 · N18AW · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control during the takeoff run. A factor in the accident was the pilot's lack of total experience in the type aircraft.
- [NTSB LAX01LA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA104.md): Schneider, Edmund, Pty. Starduster SA300 · Chino Valley, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 23, 2001 · N1173 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight planning and his failure to dissiminate/coordinate the total distance required to successfully operate the airplane.
- [NTSB SEA01LA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA01LA051.md): Landry Gyrobee · Chehalis, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 19, 2001 · N392JL · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's reverse application of cyclic to counteract a right drift during the takeoff roll in a gyroplane whose controls had been designed reverse of standard. Contributing factors were the gusty wind conditions and the pilot's "expectancy" or…
- [NTSB CHI01IA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01IA124.md): Boeing 717-231 · Milwaukee, WI · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Feb 19, 2001 · N2410W · No damage
  > The failure of the operator to provide complete and comprehensive thrust reverser lock-out maintenance procedures and guidance to the contract maintenance personnel resulting in a partial and inadequate securing of the faulty thrust reverser and a subsequent…
- [NTSB CHI01FA089](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01FA089.md): Piper PA-28R-201 · Webb Lake, WI · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Feb 15, 2001 · N120CC · Destroyed
  > the pilot not maintaining altitude/clearance from the trees during takeoff. Factors were the trees, transmission wire, and the dark night.
- [NTSB CHI01LA092](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA092.md): Cessna 172R · Battle Creek, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 13, 2001 · N975BC · Substantial damage
  > Aircraft control not maintained by the student pilot during the takeoff roll. Factors to the accident were the student pilot's lack of experience and the snowbank.
- [NTSB DEN01LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA049.md): Cessna 180K · Clovis, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 4, 2001 · N180PG · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control, which resulted in the subsequent swerve of the airplane. Contributing factors were the pilot's lack of experience in make and model and his diverted attention while attempting to adjust the trim.
- [NTSB CHI01LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA106.md): Cessna 172RG · Sunfield, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 31, 2001 · N6448V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight preparation and the unsuitable terrain for takeoff encountered. Factors included the slushy runway and the snowbank.
- [NTSB MIA01LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA01LA064.md): Robinson R22 · Long Beach, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 27, 2001 · N128PH · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to relinquish the flight controls while the CFI was demonstrating a takeoff to a hover. This resulted in an in-flight loss of directional control, in-flight collision with terrain, and subsequent roll over.
- [NTSB LAX01LA081](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA081.md): Piper PA-22 · Camarillo, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 27, 2001 · N9411D · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control during takeoff.
- [NTSB FTW01LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW01LA053.md): Schweizer 269C · Damon, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 27, 2001 · N99DK · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain helicopter control during takeoff to a hover, which resulted in a dynamic rollover.
- [NTSB IAD01LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD01LA030.md): Cessna 120 · Trenton, ME · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 25, 2001 · N3070N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper touchdown in the snow after the airplane became prematurely airborne during an attempted takeoff. A factor was the pilot's inadequate training.
- [NTSB CHI01LA072](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA072.md): Cessna 172P · Prairie Du Sac, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 21, 2001 · N53118 · Substantial damage
  > the improper trim setting and the pilot failed to maintain control of the airplane. A factor was the snowbank.
- [NTSB IAD01LA029](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD01LA029.md): Piper PA 46-350P · Chillicothe, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 19, 2001 · N747RC · Substantial damage
  > pilot's improper pre-flight planning and failure to follow the published checklist procedures, which resulted in ice and snow not being removed from the wings prior to take-off.
- [NTSB ANC01LA031](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC01LA031.md): Cessna 207 · Kongiganak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 19, 2001 · N7340U · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions during the takeoff roll. A factor associated with the accident was a crosswind.
- [NTSB CHI01LA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA062.md): Cessna 152 · Mattoon, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 10, 2001 · N5394Q · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control. Factors were the crosswind, the pilots lack of total experience, and the snow covered terrain adjacent to the runway.
- [NTSB IAD01LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD01LA022.md): Learjet 35 · Schenectady, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 4, 2001 · N435JL · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper trim setting, which resulted in a runway overrun and impact with a fence.
- [NTSB CHI01LA060](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA060.md): Cessna 172S · Sioux Falls, SD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 4, 2001 · N727SP · Substantial damage
  > Aircraft directional control not being maintained by the student pilot during the takeoff roll. Factors to the accident were the snow bank and the student pilot's lack of total experience.
- [NTSB CHI01LA057](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA057.md): Cessna 172N · Lincoln, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 1, 2001 · N737WQ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control on the runway. Factors relating to this accident were the aborted takeoff attempt, the pilot's improper in-flight planning/decision, and the snowbank.
- [NTSB NYC01LA063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA063.md): Cessna 172M · Farmville, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 29, 2000 · N73404 · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB NYC01FA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01FA062.md): McDonnell Douglas DC-9-51 · Jamaica, NY · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Dec 28, 2000 · N769NC · Substantial damage
  > The low cycle fatigue fracturing of the approach lighting cover securing bolts.
- [NTSB MIA01LA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA01LA047.md): Larry Groover Eagle · Auburndale, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 22, 2000 · N8132L · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain adequate clearance during takeoff, which resulted in an inflight collision with a fence and substantial damage to the aircraft.
- [NTSB CHI01LA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA051.md): Cessna 172M · Sturgis, SD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 19, 2000 · N13584 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot failed to maintain control of the airplane during takeoff and he discontinued an aborted takeoff once initiated. Factors associated with the accident were the inaccurate elevator trim indicator, the pilot's failure to verify the trim setting,…
- [NTSB MIA01LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA01LA036.md): Air Tractor AT-602 · Clarksville, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 6, 2000 · N9046D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's delay in aborting a takeoff after hitting a soft spot (sand) in the runway resulting in the airplane going off the end of the runway and colliding with trees. Contributing to the accident was the pilots decision to attempt the flight in an over…
- [NTSB NYC01LA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA047.md): Cessna 152 · Cross Keys, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 2, 2000 · N757RR · Substantial damage
  > The overstress separation of the control yoke from the control column.
- [NTSB SEA01LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA01LA022.md): Aerofab Lake 250 · Mercer Island, WA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 1, 2000 · N8551Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control during a left turning step taxi to takeoff, resulting in a wing contacting the water during the step turn.
- [NTSB NYC01LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA045.md): Piper PA-28 · Lebanon, OH · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 28, 2000 · N5035W · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's failure to maintain aircraft control during an aborted takeoff. A factor in the accident was a partial loss of engine power.
- [NTSB CHI01LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA041.md): Cessna 150M · Jefferson City, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 24, 2000 · N66633 · Substantial damage
  > the student pilots failure to maintain directional control. Factors were the service road and the nose gear collapse.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/300/cases.md?page=93

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 300)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/300/cases?page=92

---
OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.
