# NTSB investigations, MA: Initial climb

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 1 of 6 · 268 cases

## Latest cases

- [NTSB ERA24LA386](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA386.md): Cessna 402 · Boston, MA · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Sep 17, 2024 · N18VV · Substantial damage
  > The failure of a solid hydraulic fluid line, which resulted in a loss of hydraulic fluid that prevented the landing gear extension process from completing normally. Contributing to the outcome was the pilot’s failure to fully activate the emergency landing…
- [NTSB ERA24FA265](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24FA265.md): Vans RV6 · Methuen, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Jun 17, 2024 · N715PA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to manage the available fuel supply, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation.
- [NTSB ERA23FA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA23FA078.md): Rotorsport UK Cavalon · Beverly, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Dec 4, 2022 · N401GR · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper yaw control during the takeoff initial climb, which resulted in an excessive sideslip and a subsequent loss of aircraft control.
- [NTSB ERA20FA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA20FA124.md): Cessna 177RG · Sterling, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Mar 11, 2020 · N1572H · Substantial damage
  > A total loss of engine power during takeoff due to fuel exhaustion. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s inadequate preflight inspection.
- [NTSB ERA20CA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA20CA100.md): Cessna 402 · Barnstable, MA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Feb 12, 2020 · N409BK · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to properly secure the crew hatch door before takeoff, which resulted in the door’s forward hinge assembly tearing from its fuselage mount point.
- [NTSB ERA19FA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA19FA107.md): Cessna 172 · Mansfield, MA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Feb 23, 2019 · N224TA · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's failure to maintain airplane control during initial climb after a touch-and-go landing, which resulted in an exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack and an aerodynamic stall.
- [NTSB ERA18FA230](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA18FA230.md): Aeronca 7AC · Hanson, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 2018 · N65HM · Substantial damage
  > A loss of engine power due to carburetor icing, the pilot's decision to turn back to the runway shortly after takeoff, and his failure to maintain airspeed during the turn, which resulted in an exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack, and…
- [NTSB GAA18CA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA18CA071.md): Cessna 402 · Hyannis, MA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 4, 2017 · N2748Y · Substantial damage
  > Encounter with a flock of birds during takeoff at night, resulting in multiple bird strikes and structural damage.
- [NTSB ERA16LA280](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA16LA280.md): Piper PA 28R-201 · Northampton, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 6, 2016 · N3783M · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the alternate air valve plate hinge pin, which caused the alternate air valve plate to lodge in the fuel servo assembly, which resulted in a restriction of air to the fuel servo assembly, a loss of engine power, and an off-airport emergency…
- [NTSB ERA16LA115](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA16LA115.md): Beech 95 C55 · Plymouth, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 27, 2016 · N482S · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane during an aborted takeoff in gusting wind conditions.
- [NTSB ERA16FA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA16FA023.md): Mooney M20M · Worcester, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 24, 2015 · N243CW · Substantial damage
  > A total loss of engine power during the initial climb due to a fatigue failure of the engine's crankshaft. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall.
- [NTSB ERA14LA248](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA14LA248.md): Bell Helicopter Textron Canada 206 L4 · Beverly, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 21, 2014 · N55SL · Substantial damage
  > Maintenance personnel’s inadequate inspection of the engine’s outer combustion case, which resulted in the failure of the case due to fatigue cracks that initiated on the inside surface of the case and the subsequent total loss of engine power.
- [NTSB ERA14LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA14LA043.md): Maule M-5-180C · Marshfield, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 15, 2013 · N76RD · Destroyed
  > A partial loss of engine power for reasons that could not be determined in postaccident examinations because fire damage precluded testing of the fuel and several engine accessories.
- [NTSB ERA13FA372](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA13FA372.md): Aeronca 7AC · Taunton, MA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 2013 · N83863 · Destroyed
  > The pilot/owner’s inadequate preflight inspection and inadequate pretakeoff check of the flight controls, which resulted in a takeoff with the rudder gust lock installed. Contributing to the accident was the pilot-rated passenger’s failure to detect that the…
- [NTSB ERA13CA354](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA13CA354.md): Stetson Norman B Challenger II · Orange, MA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 6, 2013 · N94454 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain airspeed during the initial climb after takeoff, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s lack of total flight experience in the accident airplane make and model.
- [NTSB ERA13LA270](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA13LA270.md): Maule BEE DEE M-4-210 · Cuttyhunk, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 5, 2013 · N9807M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate airspeed after takeoff, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall and loss of airplane control.
- [NTSB ERA13LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA13LA034.md): Cessna 150H · Mansfield, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 21, 2012 · N7250S · Substantial damage
  > The pilots’ failure to apply carburetor heat during takeoff, which resulted in a partial loss of engine power due to the formation of carburetor ice.
- [NTSB ERA13IA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA13IA036.md): Cessna 560XL · Nantucket, MA · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Oct 19, 2012 · N576QS · Minor damage
  > The incorrect installation of the left main gear aft trunnion pivot pin by maintenance personnel, which resulted in separation of the aft portion of the left main gear trunnion from the aft trunnion fitting and minor damage to the airplane.
- [NTSB ERA12FA143](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA12FA143.md): Cessna 150G · Fitchburg, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jan 11, 2012 · N4041J · Substantial damage
  > A partial loss of engine power due to the formation of carburetor ice and the flight instructor's improper application of carburetor heat.
- [NTSB ERA11LA502](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA11LA502.md): Cessna P210N · South Deerfield, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 23, 2011 · N210LE · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the electrical system due to an alternator failure during flight in instrument meteorological conditions, and the pilot’s inadequate preflight inspection and failure to use the approved checklist for the dual alternator system. Contributing to…
- [NTSB ERA11FA480](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA11FA480.md): Piper PA-28-181 · Provincetown, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Sep 1, 2011 · N6249C · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate clearance from trees and terrain during the initial climb. Contributing was spatial disorientation due to a vestibular illusion and the pilot’s likely impairment due to alcohol consumption.
- [NTSB ERA11LA383](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA11LA383.md): Cessna 150L · Plymouth, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 4, 2011 · N150ET · Substantial damage
  > A partial loss of engine power during initial climb due to a stuck cylinder valve, which resulted from excessive corrosion and carbon deposits on the valve springs due to inadequate maintenance.
- [NTSB ERA11FA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA11FA094.md): Piper PA-28-151 · Spencer, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Dec 22, 2010 · N30ZZ · Substantial damage
  > The in-flight collision with a tree while returning to land for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB ERA11LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA11LA049.md): Airborne Classic · Stow, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 6, 2010 · N582YA · Substantial damage
  > The operator's inadequate engine maintenance, which resulted in a total loss of engine power. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's decision to conduct a downwind takeoff.
- [NTSB ERA10FA414](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10FA414.md): Cessna 172 · Orange, MA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 11, 2010 · N21363 · Substantial damage
  > The pilots did not maintain control of the airplane during a flight in dark night conditions due to spatial disorientation.
- [NTSB ERA10CA393](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10CA393.md): Maule M-7-260 · Onset, MA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 2, 2010 · N3188L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's loss of airplane control during the initial climb.
- [NTSB NYC08FA324](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC08FA324.md): Cessna 402 · Vineyard Haven, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Sep 27, 2008 · N770CA · Destroyed
  > A loss of aircraft control due to spatial disorientation.
- [NTSB MIA08LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA08LA041.md): Grumman American AA-5B · Norwood, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 17, 2008 · N414DJ · Substantial damage
  > The loss of engine power for undetermined reasons. *This report was modified on May 20, 2008.*
- [NTSB ATL07FA125](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL07FA125.md): Cessna 172M · Mansfield, MA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Sep 8, 2007 · N19952 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of wing flaps during takeoff, which resulted in reduced climb performance and a subsequent stall. Contributing to the accident was the exceedance of the airplane's maximum gross weight.
- [NTSB NYC07CA165](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC07CA165.md): Piper J3C-65 · Uxbridge, MA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 17, 2007 · N7088H · Destroyed
  > A partial loss of engine power for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB NYC06LA224](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC06LA224.md): Garlick OH-58A · East Bridgewate, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 19, 2006 · N802JB · No damage
  > The completion center's installation of the incorrect (shorter) release cable, and the ground crewmember's improper movement under the flight path during a bin transfer.
- [NTSB NYC06LA101](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC06LA101.md): Mooney M20J · Norwood, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 24, 2006 · N201BD · Substantial damage
  > Improper maintenance, which resulted in a fatigue fracture of the dual magneto mounting flange, and a subsequent loss of engine power.
- [NTSB NYC06LA092](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC06LA092.md): Michaud KR2S · North Andover, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 11, 2006 · N24065 · Substantial damage
  > A partial loss of engine power for undetermined reasons, during the initial climb, which resulted in a forced landing into trees.
- [NTSB NYC06IA044](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC06IA044.md): Boeing 717-200 · Boston, MA · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Dec 21, 2005 · N924ME · Minor damage
  > Water dilution of the grease, which resulted in the failure of the number 4 wheel bearing.
- [NTSB NYC05LA141](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC05LA141.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Marstons Mills, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 10, 2005 · N6777W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain a climb during takeoff which resulted in a diminished climb rate and subsequent collision with trees. Factors were the turf runway and a tailwind.
- [NTSB NYC05LA103](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC05LA103.md): Piper PA-31-350 · Beverly, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 20, 2005 · N615SN · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point while conducting a precautionary landing. A factor was the partial loss of power to one engine for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB IAD05LA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD05LA002.md): Bradley Renegade · Stow, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 7, 2004 · N210SQ · Substantial damage
  > A partial loss of engine power for undetermined reasons, which resulted in the airplane's inability to climb over a stand of trees.
- [NTSB NYC04LA186](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04LA186.md): Cessna 150E · Marlboro, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 7, 2004 · N6159T · Substantial damage
  > The loss of engine power due to a stuck cylinder exhaust valve. Factors were the tailwind and a jammed engine cylinder exhaust valve.
- [NTSB NYC04LA133](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04LA133.md): Mosher Avid Heavy Hauler · Fitchburg, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 27, 2004 · N5139W · Destroyed
  > The malfunction of the elevator control system, resulting in a forced landing.
- [NTSB IAD04LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD04LA018.md): Beech A36 · Bedford, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 28, 2004 · N3243P · Substantial damage
  > The mechanic's failure to properly torque the engine-driven fuel pump's return line B-nut fitting.
- [NTSB DCA04IA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA04IA018.md): Embraer 135 · Bangor, MA · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Jan 19, 2004 · N734EK · Minor damage
  > Severe wear of the internal threads of the rudder interconnection contol rod which led to disengagement.
- [NTSB NYC03LA204](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC03LA204.md): LaBarge Titan Tornado I · Charlton, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 24, 2003 · UNREG · Substantial damage
  > A seizure of the forward piston during the initial climb.
- [NTSB IAD03IA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD03IA007.md): Boeing 767-222 · Boston, MA · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Oct 19, 2002 · N607UA · Minor damage
  > An inadvertant collision with birds during the initial climb out.
- [NTSB NYC02LA099](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC02LA099.md): Boucher Revolution Mini 500 · Sterling, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 8, 2002 · N54VP · Destroyed
  > A misalignment of the rotor system drive belt, which resulted in belt chaffing, its subsequent separation, and a resultant loss of power to the rotor system. Also causal was the relatively low altitude and airspeed at which the separation occurred, which…
- [NTSB IAD02LA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD02LA025.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Oxford, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 14, 2002 · N3997R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's delayed aborted landing and his failure to attain obstacle clearance. The pilot's misjudgment of distance is a contributing factor.
- [NTSB IAD01LA099](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD01LA099.md): Cessna 150J · Hyannis, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 2001 · N5591G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight inspection, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel contamination.
- [NTSB NYC01LA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA166.md): Cessna 402C · Boston, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 8, 2001 · N760EA · Destroyed
  > The pilot's improper decision to waive the wake turbulence hold time, and his subsequent loss of control when wake vortex turbulence was encountered.
- [NTSB IAD01IA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD01IA034.md): McDonnell Douglas DC-10 · Boston, MA · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Mar 6, 2001 · N375FE · Minor damage
  > The inadequate de-ice and preflight inspection procedure of the #2 engine inlet and bellmouth area by company maintenance personnel that resulted in ice ingestion and foreign object damage of the #2 engine.
- [NTSB IAD00LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD00LA048.md): Grumman American AA-1A · Northampton, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 4, 2000 · N6340L · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control during takeoff.
- [NTSB NYC99LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA045.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Methuen, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 5, 1999 · N9683C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to ensure the engine primer was in and locked prior to takeoff which resulted in a loss of engine power. A factor in this accident was the pilot's lack of experience in airplanes equipped with reciprocating engines.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/350/cases.md?state=MA&page=2

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventStateOrRegion" = 'MA' AND c."eventCountry" = 'USA'
  AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 350)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/350/cases?state=MA

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