# NTSB investigations, 2000: Initial climb

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 1 of 5 · 221 cases

## Latest cases

- [NTSB LAX01LA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA067.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Rosamond, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 30, 2000 · N61CS · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper airplane handling technique and inadequate airspeed during performance of an intentional soft field takeoff.
- [NTSB LAX01LA065](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA065.md): Cessna T210N · Colorado City, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 26, 2000 · N4729C · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper preflight and failure to refuel the airplane.
- [NTSB NYC01LA060](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA060.md): Cessna 182P · Mitchellville, MD · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 24, 2000 · N58833 · Substantial damage
  > A loss of engine power for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB MIA01LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA01LA048.md): Piper PA-28R-201 · Fort Pierce, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 20, 2000 · N9185P · Minor damage
  > The pilot's improper approach for landing while making a landing following a reported momentary partial loss of engine power for undetermined reasons and his decision to make a go-around from the approach resulting in a landing in a field and collapse of the…
- [NTSB CHI01LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA049.md): Cessna 210C · Indianapolis, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 19, 2000 · N9791X · Substantial damage
  > The reason for the loss of engine power is undetermined. A factor was the rough terrain.
- [NTSB ANC01LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC01LA023.md): Cessna 180 · Chugiak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 14, 2000 · N4955A · Substantial damage
  > The failure of a mechanic to ensure the throttle linkage was secure. A factor in the accident was the pilot's failure to take remedial action during an emergency landing and overrun.
- [NTSB DEN01LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA022.md): Cessna 210C · Boulder, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 13, 2000 · N969RJ · Substantial damage
  > Total loss of engine power due to fuel contamination (water), and failure of the pilot to have the airplane completely refueled. A factor was unsuitable terrain on which to make a forced landing.
- [NTSB CHI01IA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01IA047.md): Cessna 172S · St. Cloud, MN · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Dec 12, 2000 · N582SP · Minor damage
  > the fatigue failure of the propeller blade during the initial takeoff climb. The failure was a result of a material defect, which occurred during the manufacturing process and the manufacturers failure to detect the defect.
- [NTSB FTW01LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW01LA034.md): Evans Varieze · Ingleside, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 10, 2000 · N64592 · Destroyed
  > the loss of control during takeoff initial climb due to the binding rudder, which restricted the pilot's control of the aircraft.
- [NTSB DEN01LA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA020.md): Thomas VP-1 · West Jordan, UT · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 8, 2000 · N89KD · Substantial damage
  > the lack of suitable terrain for a forced landing. Contributing factors were the total loss of engine power due to the failure of the pilot to adjust the manual propeller pitch to permit the engine to achieve sufficient rpm for sustained flight, and the…
- [NTSB ATL01LA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL01LA017.md): Cessna 152 · Cleveland, TN · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 3, 2000 · N5288P · Substantial damage
  > A loss of engine power during takeoff due to carburetor ice. A factor was unsuitable terrain.
- [NTSB ATL01LA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL01LA012.md): Piper PA-32-260 · Florence, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 29, 2000 · N6YB · Substantial damage
  > Loss of engine power due to carburetor icing, which resulted in a emergency landing into rough uneven terrain.
- [NTSB ATL01LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL01LA014.md): Piper PA-28R-180 · Merritt Island, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 27, 2000 · N4914J · Substantial damage
  > Maintenance personnel failure to properly install engine cowling fasteners, which allowed the engine cowling to separate in flight.
- [NTSB ATL01LA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL01LA011.md): Mooney M20E · Fort Myers, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 27, 2000 · N9198V · Substantial damage
  > Fuel system contamination that resulted in fuel starvation.
- [NTSB CHI01LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA042.md): Aerostar PA-60-601P · Preston, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 26, 2000 · N713HM · Substantial damage
  > altitude/clearance from the trees not being obtained/maintained by the pilot. Factors to the accident were the trees and the contamination of the pitot/static system.
- [NTSB FTW01LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW01LA027.md): Luscombe 8A · Antlers, OK · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 25, 2000 · N45537 · Substantial damage
  > the loss of engine power resulting from carburetor icing conditions.
- [NTSB IAD01FA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD01FA015.md): Beech F90 · Lynchburg, VA · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 24, 2000 · N94U · Destroyed
  > Improper rigging of both propeller assemblies by maintenance personnel, which resulted in the inadvertent feathering of both propellers after takeoff. Factors included a lack of rigging experience in airplane make and model by maintenance personnel, unclear…
- [NTSB NYC01LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA038.md): Cessna 172K · Hagerstown, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 17, 2000 · N79054 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to remove the gust lock from the control column before takeoff, and his failure to abort the takeoff.
- [NTSB CHI01LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA038.md): Cessna T210L · Madison, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 17, 2000 · N29233 · Substantial damage
  > The cause of the loss of engine power is undetermined. Factors in the accident included the fence and the localizer antennas.
- [NTSB SEA01LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA01LA019.md): Piper PA-18 · Broadus, MT · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 14, 2000 · N8415Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control during the takeoff phase of the flight.
- [NTSB FTW01LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW01LA019.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Laporte, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 10, 2000 · N2068T · Substantial damage
  > The loss of engine power for undetermined reasons. Factors were the bright night light condition, and the lack of suitable terrain for the forced landing.
- [NTSB NYC01LA031](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA031.md): Piper J3C-65 · Middletown, NY · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 7, 2000 · N33538 · Substantial damage
  > A total loss of engine power for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB LAX01LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA034.md): Cessna 185F · Carson City, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 5, 2000 · N185CY · Substantial damage
  > Fuel starvation precipitated by the pilot's continued use of the fuel selector valve that was not seating in the detents properly.
- [NTSB NYC01LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA030.md): Cessna 172N · Ridgefield, CT · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 2, 2000 · N4654G · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to verify the airplane's fuel tank selector position, which resulted in a loss of engine power.
- [NTSB LAX01LA031](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA031.md): Cessna 182S · French Valley, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 29, 2000 · N7279B · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to follow procedures and directives contained in the information manual. Contributing to the accident was the flight instructor examiner/passenger's inattention to the sequence of events.
- [NTSB DEN01LA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA009.md): Grumman American AA-1A · Greeley, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 29, 2000 · N41RC · Substantial damage
  > Carburetor ice formation due to the pilot's improper use of the carburetor heat control. Factors were the fence and fence post.
- [NTSB LAX01FA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01FA027.md): Grumman American AA-5A · Gardena, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 26, 2000 · N26470 · Substantial damage
  > The engine lost power for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB FTW01FA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW01FA013.md): Cessna 210 · Oklahoma City, OK · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 26, 2000 · N9485T · Destroyed
  > the pilot's loss of control of the aircraft during initial/takeoff climb. Contributing factors were the night conditions, low ceilings, and the pilot's lack of flight experience in actual instrument meteorological conditions at night.
- [NTSB CHI01FA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01FA024.md): Piper PA28-140 · Sparta, MI · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 25, 2000 · N98094 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain proper runway alignment on departure and his failure to maintain clearance from the trees. The pilot's attempted flight into known adverse weather, his lack of instrument experience, the fog, and the trees were contributing…
- [NTSB CHI01LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA023.md): Ercoupe 415-E · Minier, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 23, 2000 · N94176 · Substantial damage
  > the carburetor ice and after takeoff, the unsuitable terrain the pilot encountered during the forced landing. Factors were the carburetor icing conditions and the plowed field condition.
- [NTSB MIA01LA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA01LA013.md): Cessna 172P · Knoxville, TN · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 22, 2000 · N53512 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain Vs during takeoff/initial climb, which resulted in an inadvertent stall/mush, an uncontrolled descent, and an impact with the ground. Factors in the accident were the pilot's improper preflightplanning/preparation and failure…
- [NTSB MIA01LA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA01LA011.md): Camillo Annaloro C A Spcl Quicks · Lucedale, MS · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 22, 2000 · N302CA · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to secure a fabric panel during preflight inspection resulting in the panel separating from the aircraft during climb after takeoff, passing through the propeller and damaging wing flap fabric, loss of engine power due to wing flap…
- [NTSB LAX01LA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA020.md): Ryan ST3KR · Georgetown, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 21, 2000 · N50870 · Destroyed
  > The airplane's encounter with a strong updraft at the end of the runway that induced an increase in the wing's angle of attack to the critical point, which resulted in an inadvertent stall and spin.
- [NTSB CHI01LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA019.md): Zenair CH2000 · Springfield, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 21, 2000 · N420ZA · Substantial damage
  > the loose carburetor heat control clamp bolt and carburetor heat not available to the pilot. Factors were the low altitude, the carburetor icing conditions, the fence and the security gate.
- [NTSB CHI01LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA018.md): Beech 95-C55 · New Ulm, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 19, 2000 · N2016F · Substantial damage
  > The engine failure for undetermined reasons, the pilot not attaining proper runway alignment, and the misjudged flare by the pilot. A factor was the runway light.
- [NTSB NYC01LA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA015.md): Moore Starduster SA-300 · Erwinna, PA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 15, 2000 · N3168 · Substantial damage
  > A total loss of engine power during initial climb for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB LAX01FA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01FA014.md): Beech 35-33 · Monterey, CA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 15, 2000 · N1344G · Destroyed
  > The pilot's inadequate in-flight planning/decision by which he conducted visual flight into instrument meteorological conditions and his failure to maintain control of the airplane. Contributing factors were low ceiling, spatial disorientation and lack of…
- [NTSB ATL01FA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL01FA008.md): Piper PA-32RT · Selmer, TN · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 15, 2000 · N789CS · Destroyed
  > The pilots inadequate preflight planning and preparation, that resulted in exceeding the designed weight and balance of the airplane. Factors were the pilot's use of inappropriate medications and the collision with trees.
- [NTSB LAX01LA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA013.md): Bell 206L-1 · Grand Canyon, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 14, 2000 · N2233F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's in-flight loss of control during liftoff due to his improper planning and decisions. Related factors were the high density altitude and helicopter weight condition, and the lack of a suitable takeoff area.
- [NTSB CHI01LA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA012.md): Piper PA-24-250 · Manhattan, KS · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 14, 2000 · N6107P · Destroyed
  > the inadequate soft field takeoff procedure by the pilot and his failure to abort the takeoff. Factors were the high grass on the runway, the pilots disregard for the runway conditions, his lack of total experience in the aircraft, the trees, and the pilots…
- [NTSB LAX01FA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01FA011.md): Navion G · Henderson, NV · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 13, 2000 · N2434T · Destroyed
  > the pilot's failure to maintain an adequate airspeed while maneuvering to return to the runway following a loss of engine power in the takeoff initial climb. The loss of power was probably due to the pilot's failure to ensure that an adequate fuel supply…
- [NTSB NYC01LA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA012.md): Piper PA-60-601P · S. Burlington, VT · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 12, 2000 · CFAWF · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper in-flight decision to perform a precautionary landing, and his failure to maintain airspeed after he experienced a partial loss of power on one engine. A factor was the partial loss of power on one engine due to an induction air leak.
- [NTSB LAX01LA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA012.md): Tolle Venture Model 20 · Madera, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 12, 2000 · N353 · Substantial damage
  > The mechanical failure of a fuel sump tank check valve, during takeoff initial climb, that resulted in fuel starvation.
- [NTSB CHI01LA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA013.md): Republic RC-3 · Baraboo, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 12, 2000 · N6175K · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the number five intake valve spring during initial climbout and that there was no suitable terrain during the forced landing. A factor was the corn crop.
- [NTSB NYC01FA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01FA007.md): Beech E18S · Wash. Ct. House, OH · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 10, 2000 · N2067C · Destroyed
  > An undetermined event, which resulted in an off airport landing. A factor in this accident was the night light condition.
- [NTSB CHI01MA006](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01MA006.md): Canadair CL600-2B16 · Wichita, KS · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 1 · Major · Final report · Oct 10, 2000 · CFTBZ · Destroyed
  > the pilot’s excessive takeoff rotation, during an aft center of gravity (c.g.) takeoff, a rearward migration of fuel during acceleration and takeoff and consequent shift in the airplane’s aft c.g. to aft of the aft c.g. limit, which caused the airplane to…
- [NTSB FTW01LA001](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW01LA001.md): Cessna 150L · Nashville, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 1, 2000 · N11390 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to refuel resulting in loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion. A factor was the lack of suitable terrain for the forced landing.
- [NTSB DEN00LA183](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN00LA183.md): Ercoupe 415-C · Tucumcari, NM · Accident · 2 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 30, 2000 · N2421H · Destroyed
  > loss of control during initial climb following takeoff by an unqualified person.
- [NTSB ATL00LA095](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL00LA095.md): William J. Knowles KNOWLES-THORP KT-18 · Opa-Locka, FL · Accident · 2 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 30, 2000 · N37BK · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain flying airspeed during initial climb, resulting in an inadvertent stall/spin.
- [NTSB SEA00LA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA00LA190.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Miles City, MT · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 27, 2000 · N4686R · Substantial damage
  > A loss of engine power for undetermined reasons.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/350/cases.md?year=2000&page=2

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c."eventDate") = 2000
  AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 350)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/350/cases?year=2000

---
OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.
