# NTSB investigations: Enroute

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 227 of 718 · 35,885 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB LAX95LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA030.md): Bell UH-1E · Willits, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 1, 1994 · N5088J · Substantial damage
  > that the pilot misjudged the distance between the helicopter and the trees.
- [NTSB DCA95MA001](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA95MA001.md): ATR ATR-72-212 · Roselawn, IN · Accident · 68 fatal · Class 1 · Major · Final report · Oct 31, 1994 · N401AM · Destroyed
  > the loss of control, attributed to a sudden and unexpected aileron hinge moment reversal that occurred after a ridge of ice accreted beyond the deice boots while the airplane was in a holding pattern during which it intermittently encountered supercooled…
- [NTSB ATL95FA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL95FA009.md): Cessna 172N · Gerton, NC · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 31, 1994 · N5338D · Destroyed
  > The pilot's inadequate weather evaluation and his intentional visual flight into IMC.
- [NTSB NYC95LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA019.md): Lake LA-250 · Westfield, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 30, 1994 · N85JW · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper in-flight planning and inaccurate fuel consumption calculations, resulting in fuel exhaustion and the subsequent forced landing at night.
- [NTSB LAX95LA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA024.md): Kaman HH-43F · Willits, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 30, 1994 · N90944 · Destroyed
  > the pilot's improper fuel consumption calculations resulting in fuel exhaustion. The hilly terrain was a factor in this accident.
- [NTSB FTW95LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA034.md): Brisendine Pterodactyl/Ascender · Las Animas, CO · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 29, 1994 · UNREG · Destroyed
  > A failure of the right wing into the propeller.
- [NTSB LAX95LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA022.md): Forney F-1 · Searchlight, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 28, 1994 · N3019G · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control by improperly compensating for the existing wind conditions. The leaking cylinder, the prevailing crosswind, the soft terrain, and the dirt bank were factors in this accident
- [NTSB SEA95FA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95FA011.md): Cessna 310R · Rawlins, WY · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 27, 1994 · N69350 · Destroyed
  > The pilot-in-command's not maintaining clearance with terrain. Factors contributing to the accident were high terrain, dark night conditions, and the pilot-in-command's not obtaining/ maintaining the proper climb rate.
- [NTSB CHI95LA026](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA026.md): Bell 206B3 · Inver Grove Hts, MN · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 26, 1994 · N505KS · Destroyed
  > the pilot's improper altitude and inadequate visual lookout.
- [NTSB CHI95IA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95IA030.md): Cessna 150 · Chesterfield, MO · Incident · Minor injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Oct 26, 1994 · N7XC · No damage
  > the cracked heater exhaust muffler which resulted from an improper repair. Factors were the physical impairment of the solo flight student as a result of her inadequate training concerning carbon monoxide hazards.
- [NTSB LAX95LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA019.md): Eurocopter AS-350D · Kaupo, HI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 24, 1994 · N5771L · Substantial damage
  > a total loss of engine power by the corrosion fatigue failure of the compressor impeller due to the failure of company maintenance personnel to perform the prescribed daily compressor wash procedures and the inadequate maintenance inspections, which failed to…
- [NTSB CHI95LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA022.md): Cessna 210A · Manhattan, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 24, 1994 · N6663X · Substantial damage
  > total loss of engine power for reason(s) undetermined. A factor was the dark night.
- [NTSB BFO95FA006](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO95FA006.md): Cessna T337G · Hyannis, MA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 24, 1994 · N807J · Destroyed
  > Loss of aircraft control for an undetermined reason. Darkness and the weather conditions were related factors.
- [NTSB NYC95LA016](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA016.md): Angel Avid/Heavy Hauler · Sutton, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 23, 1994 · N740FA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain the fuel selector on the proper position.
- [NTSB LAX95FA016](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95FA016.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Kettleman City, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 23, 1994 · N2326G · Destroyed
  > Failure of the student pilot to maintain control of the airplane for an unknown reason. Factors related to the accident were: darkness and the pilot's lack of qualification/instructor endorsement for a cross-country flight at night.
- [NTSB ATL95FA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL95FA007.md): Piper PA-23-250 · Newville, AL · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 23, 1994 · N999BW · Destroyed
  > Failure of maintenance personnel to properly install the marmon clamp on the discharge side of the turbocharger.
- [NTSB CHI95LA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA024.md): Piper PA-18 · Grand Forks, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 22, 1994 · N587PA · Substantial damage
  > the fatigue failure of the crankshaft.
- [NTSB CHI95LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA023.md): Cessna 172F · Cross Plains, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 22, 1994 · N7969U · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to use carburetor heat. Factors were carburetor icing conditions and rough/uneven terrain.
- [NTSB ANC95LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95LA005.md): Aeronca Sedan AR-15 · Nikolai, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 21, 1994 · N1428H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's continued flight into adverse weather. Factors to the accident were falling snow, an obstruction of the fuel system vents, restriction of the fuel flow and lack of a suitable landing area.
- [NTSB FTW95IA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95IA022.md): Canadair CL 600 · Nacogdoches, TX · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Oct 17, 1994 · N600RE · Minor damage
  > The flight crew's improper use of the anti-ice system, which resulted in engine ice, subsequent ice ingestion, and engine flameout. Factors related to the accident were: failure of the flight crew to follow the checklist procedures after flight into adverse…
- [NTSB FTW95LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA018.md): Piper PA-23-250 · Fredericksburg, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 16, 1994 · N821AC · Substantial damage
  > Improper maintenance resulting in an engine fire, and the pilot's improper propeller feathering procedure, causing the propeller not to feather and the airplane's engine out capability to be exceeded. A factor was the unsuitable terrain conditions.
- [NTSB CHI95FA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95FA012.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Winfield, IL · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 16, 1994 · N9089U · Destroyed
  > Collision with the ground for an undetermined reason. The pilot's psychological condition was a probable factor.
- [NTSB LAX95LA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA008.md): Rey Avid Flyer · Bakersfield, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 15, 1994 · N827H · Destroyed
  > the inadequate maintenance on the engine's liquid cooling system fittings and lines.
- [NTSB LAX95LA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA007.md): Cessna 152 · Atherton, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 15, 1994 · N67358 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate fuel consumption calculations and failure to refuel the aircraft while en route.
- [NTSB FTW95FA016](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95FA016.md): Robinson R22 Beta · Eunice, LA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 14, 1994 · N80546 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to properly use carburetor heat, the formation of carburetor ice, and failure of the pilot to maintain rotor RPM after loss of engine power, which resulted in a loss of control and collision with terrain. A factor related to the accident…
- [NTSB FTW95IA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95IA013.md): Gates Learjet 35A · San Antonio, TX · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Oct 11, 1994 · N46TJ · Minor damage
  > The uncontained failure of the turbine wheel. A factor was the resultant loss of hydraulic power.
- [NTSB FTW95LA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA011.md): Hughes 269C · Livingston, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 10, 1994 · N9616F · Substantial damage
  > The improper flare resulting in an undershoot of the intended landing area. A factor was the bird strike.
- [NTSB CHI95LA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA008.md): Cessna T210R · Lakota, ND · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 10, 1994 · CGHRG · Substantial damage
  > Partial loss of engine power due to preignition and/or detonation, which resulted in failure of the number 4 cylinder. The unfavorable tailwind for landing was a related factor.
- [NTSB BFO95FA001](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO95FA001.md): Cessna 172N · Fancy Gap, VA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 9, 1994 · N734NB · Destroyed
  > The pilot's inadequate inflight planning and his failure to maintain adequate terrain clearance. Other related factors are: fog, rain, VFR flight into IMC, inexperience and mountainous terrain.
- [NTSB ATL95LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL95LA059.md): Hayes LONG-EZ · Collinsville, AL · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 9, 1994 · N33EZ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot continued visual flight into instrument weather conditions, and collided with the ground.
- [NTSB SEA95LA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95LA007.md): Bony MB-1 · Madras, OR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 8, 1994 · N51MB · Destroyed
  > The jamming of the rudder during due to undetermined reasons. Contributing to the accident was the pilot-in-command's failure to maintain adequate flying speed while attempting to take remedial action.
- [NTSB SEA95LA004](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95LA004.md): Monocoupe 110 Special · Langley, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 8, 1994 · N2064 · Substantial damage
  > Corrosion and subsequent failure of the elevator hinge attach fitting weld. This allowed the elevator to bend and impinge upon the rudder, subsequently jamming it to the full right position and rendering the aircraft impossible to control.
- [NTSB NYC95LA004](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA004.md): Cessna 182N · New London, NH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 8, 1994 · N8903G · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the number four push rod, which resulted in the complete loss of engine power and forced landing, and the subsequent nose over on soft terrain.
- [NTSB CHI95FA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95FA011.md): Beech 58 · Park Rapids, MN · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 8, 1994 · N258CH · Destroyed
  > the pilot-in-command's failure to obtain/maintain clearance. Factors were a dark night, low ceiling, high terrain, and weather service not used by the pilot-in-command.
- [NTSB CHI95FA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95FA007.md): Aero Commander 690B · Springfield, MO · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 8, 1994 · N27MT · Destroyed
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain control of the airplane, due to spatial disorientation. A factor related to the accident was: the pilot's lack of recent instrument experience.
- [NTSB LAX95FA003](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95FA003.md): Aero Commander 560 · Essex, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 5, 1994 · N251VW · Destroyed
  > The pilot's inadvertent flight into IMC conditions. Contributing to the accident was a loss of control of the aircraft and exceeding the structural limits of the aircraft. The weather conditions were factors.
- [NTSB CHI95LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA005.md): Cessna 150 · Carbondale, IL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 5, 1994 · N66224 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate visual lookout, and improper altitude.
- [NTSB ANC95LA001](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95LA001.md): Piper J5C · Anchorage, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 4, 1994 · N38532 · Substantial damage
  > The loss of engine power for undetermined reasons and the lack of a suitable forced landing area.
- [NTSB FTW95FA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95FA008.md): Cessna T337G · Milford, UT · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 3, 1994 · N531J · Destroyed
  > The pilot's continued flight into adverse weather conditions, which resulted in airframe (structural) ice, a loss of control, and subsequent in-flight breakup of the airplane. A factor related to the accident was: the icing/weather condition.
- [NTSB CHI95LA003](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA003.md): Bell 47G2 · Decatur, IL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 3, 1994 · N5193B · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the roller springs in the freewheeling unit of the transmission which caused the unit to disengage.
- [NTSB ATL95FA003](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL95FA003.md): Cessna 182L · Ft. Mcclellan, AL · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 3, 1994 · N3499R · Destroyed
  > The pilot's continued VFR flight into IMC conditions, and his failure to maintain a proper altitude over mountainous terrain. Factors were the low ceiling, fog, and drizzle weather conditions, and the mountainous terrain at the accident site.
- [NTSB FTW95FA004](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95FA004.md): Beech 1900D · Denver, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 2, 1994 · N31YV · Substantial damage
  > The captain's inaccurate evaluation of weather conditions, and his decision to fly into known adverse weather. A factor was the hail.
- [NTSB FTW95LA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA007.md): Brantly Helicopter B-2 · Houston, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 1, 1994 · N5996X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain.
- [NTSB FTW95FA003](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95FA003.md): Cessna T210M · Richmond, UT · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 1, 1994 · N732VK · Destroyed
  > The loss of engine oil pressure due to an oil leak from a loose oil line fitting. Factors were the obscuration, and the unsuitable terrain at the pilot's disposal.
- [NTSB CHI95LA004](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA004.md): Ercoupe 415-C · Cloverdale, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 1, 1994 · N99600 · Substantial damage
  > the total loss of engine power due to a blocked orifice in the fuel pump. A related factor is the rough/uneven terrain encountered during the forced landing.
- [NTSB CHI94LA351](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA351.md): Piper PA-23-160 · West Chicago, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 30, 1994 · N5272A · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to use the manual hydraulic pump to lower the landing gear. Factors were the failure of the fuel selector handle, the subsequent fuel starvation, and the pilot's failure to properly crossfeed and restart the left engine.
- [NTSB ATL94LA180](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94LA180.md): Bell UH-1B · Ozark, AL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 29, 1994 · N41870 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the engines' main bearings because of a lack of lubrication. A factor was the heavily wooded terrain.
- [NTSB FTW94LA317](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA317.md): Cessna 172B · Poteau, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 28, 1994 · N7617X · Substantial damage
  > The loss of engine power due to the pilot's delayed use of carburetor heat and the resultant carburetor icing. Factors were the weather condition and the lack of suitable terrain for the forced landing.
- [NTSB ATL94FA179](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94FA179.md): Robinson R-22B · Knightdale, NC · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Sep 28, 1994 · N83112 · Destroyed
  > Divergence of the main rotor from its normal plane of rotation for an undetermined reason(s) resulting in rotor blade contact with the tailcone.
- [NTSB LAX94LA377](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA377.md): Piper PA-32RT-300T · San Mateo, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 25, 1994 · N39658 · Destroyed
  > A deteriorated magneto grounding ('P' lead) and failure of maintenance personnel to detect this condition when the engine was reinstalled in the airframe after overhaul. The lack of suitable terrain for the forced landing was a factor.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400/cases.md?page=228

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 400)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400/cases?page=227

---
OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.