# NTSB investigations: Enroute

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 244 of 718 · 35,885 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB FTW93IA118](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93IA118.md): Boeing 757-200 · Houston, TX · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Apr 7, 1993 · CFOOA · No damage
  > Encounter with turbulence. A factor was the loss of electrical power
- [NTSB DEN93LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93LA039.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Llano, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 7, 1993 · N81527 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's continued VFR flight into IMC. Factors were: low ceiling, dark night, and the pilot's lack of total instrument time.
- [NTSB SEA93LA087](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA087.md): Cessna T210M · Scappose, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 6, 1993 · N16CE · Substantial damage
  > Clearance from objects was not maintained. The pilot's poor inflight planning and the weather conditions were factors.
- [NTSB DCA93MA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA93MA037.md): Mcdonnell Douglas MD-11 · Shemya, AK · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 1 · Major · Final report · Apr 6, 1993 · B2171 · Minor damage
  > The national transportation safety board determines that the probable cause of this accident was the inadequate design of the flap/slat actuation handle by the Douglas aircraft company that allowed the handle to be easily and inadvertently dislodged from the…
- [NTSB CHI93LA136](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA136.md): Cessna T210 · Philadelphia, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 6, 1993 · N6471N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to ensure an adequate fuel supply to complete the flight.
- [NTSB LAX93LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA164.md): Roy Rey Avid Flyer · Wasco, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 5, 1993 · N827H · Substantial damage
  > Carburetor icing. Factors relating to the accident were the lack of a carburetor heat control system and the freshly plowed field.
- [NTSB NYC93LA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA067.md): Silva Seawind 3000 · Coatesville, PA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 3, 1993 · N465W · Substantial damage
  > Improper adjustment setting of the propeller pitch change mechanism and/or propeller governor output pressure, which resulted in a loss of positive thrust and a forced landing.
- [NTSB ANC93FA050](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93FA050.md): Cessna 207 · Nome, AK · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 3, 1993 · N6467H · Destroyed
  > The pilot initiated VFR flight into instrument meteorological and whiteout conditions. Factors which contributed to the accident were: inadequate supervision of the pilot by the company, inadequate oversight by the federal aviation administration, the pilot's…
- [NTSB ATL93MA068](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93MA068.md): Fairchild SA227-TT · Blountville, TN · Accident · 4 fatal · Major investigation · Final report · Apr 2, 1993 · N500AK · Destroyed
  > Failure of the pilot to follow procedures concerning use of the engine inlet anti-ice system and/or continuous ignition while operating in icing conditions, which resulted in probable ice ingestion and loss of engine power; and the pilot's failure to maintain…
- [NTSB FTW93FA115](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93FA115.md): Chance Vought F4U-4 · Breckenridge, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 1, 1993 · N68HP · Substantial damage
  > The loss of engine power for undetermined reasons. A factor was the lack of suitable terrain for the forced landing
- [NTSB DEN93FA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93FA038.md): Aerospatiale SA316B · Aspen, CO · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 1, 1993 · N3153R · Destroyed
  > Failure of the flight control lower mixing unit due to fatigue, which resulted in the loss of control.
- [NTSB DCA93MA033](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA93MA033.md): Boeing 747-121 · Anchorage, AK · Accident · No injuries · Class 1 · Major · Final report · Mar 31, 1993 · N473EV · Substantial damage
  > The lateral separation of the no. 2 engine pylon due to an encounter with severe or possibly extreme turbulence that resulted in dynamic multi-axis lateral loadings that exceeded the ultimate lateral load-carrying capability of the pylon, which was already…
- [NTSB CHI93IA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93IA124.md): Aerospatiale ATR-42-300 · Moline, IL · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Mar 31, 1993 · N426TE · No damage
  > The passenger's failure to extinguish a cigarette before placing it into the lavatory waste bin. Factors related to the incident were: an inoperative smoke detector in the lavatory, the manufacturer's inadequate maintenance program, and inadequate review of…
- [NTSB LAX93FA165](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93FA165.md): Cessna 152 · Dunsmuir, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 30, 1993 · N89174 · Destroyed
  > An inadvertent encounter with rain and icing conditions. Factors in this accident included environmental conditions consisting of rain, icing, and darkness, and the pilot's overconfidence in his abilities to deal with the encountered weather conditions.
- [NTSB SEA93FA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93FA084.md): Piper PA-23-250 · Estacada, OR · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 29, 1993 · N63888 · Destroyed
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain proper clearance (and/or altitude) from moutainous terrain. Factors related to the accident were: darkness, clouds, low ceilings, and the high (mountainous) terrain in the area of the accident site.
- [NTSB LAX93LA159](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA159.md): Cessna 172K · Fresno, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 29, 1993 · N758XY · Substantial damage
  > the improper installation of an electrical wire bundle, and, the chaffing and subsequent arcing of the wires against a fuel line which resulted in a fire.
- [NTSB NYC93FA066](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93FA066.md): Piper PA-23-250 · Elmwood Park, NJ · Accident · 6 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 28, 1993 · N6382Y · Substantial damage
  > Inadequate maintenance and inspection of the fuel injector system resulting in a loss of power of the left engine, and the failure of the pilot to maintain minimum control speed which resulted in a flat spin. A factor which contributed to the accident was the…
- [NTSB CHI93LA123](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA123.md): Rockwell 100 · Topinabee, MI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 28, 1993 · N4017X · Substantial damage
  > the total loss of engine power due to failure of the oil line to the oil pressure gauge. A factor relating to the accident was no suitable terrain on which to make a forced landing.
- [NTSB CHI93LA119](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA119.md): Piper PA-22 · Marysville, IN · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 27, 1993 · N3439Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to use carburetor heat while flying in carburetor icing conditions.
- [NTSB BFO93LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA059.md): Cessna 172 · Lewisburg, OH · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 26, 1993 · N73436 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot experienced spatial disorientation. Contributing to the accident was the dark night and inadvertent flight into instrument meteorological conditions.
- [NTSB LAX93LA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA166.md): Bell 47G2A · Pacific Ocean (Pacific Ocean) · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 24, 1993 · N8493E · Minor damage
  > The passenger's failure to adhere to the pilot's instructions. Factors which contributed to the accident were: the language/communications difficulty between the pilot & the passenger, and the bird strike.
- [NTSB MIA93LA090](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA090.md): de Havilland DHC-8-102 · Jacksonville, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 23, 1993 · N928HA · No damage
  > The operator's lack of adequate instructions to crewmembers as to when flight attendants can resume cabin duties after being told to be seated by the captain.
- [NTSB BFO93IA057](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93IA057.md): British Aerospace BAE3201 · Rochester, NY · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Mar 23, 1993 · N496UE · Minor damage
  > Failure of the main cabin door to be adequately secured for flight for an unknown REAS0N.
- [NTSB BFO93LA055](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA055.md): Piper PA-28-151 · Monticello, ME · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 22, 1993 · N41422 · Substantial damage
  > A disconnection of the fuel line, which resulted in fuel starvation and loss of engine power. A related factor was the lack of suitable terrain for an emergency landing.
- [NTSB BFO93LA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA054.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Babylon, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 22, 1993 · N56153 · Substantial damage
  > The loss of engine power due to the intake valve failure.
- [NTSB CHI93IA127](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93IA127.md): de Havilland SHD-6 · Chicago, IL · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Mar 21, 1993 · N374MQ · No damage
  > The local controller's failure to maintain 3 miles radar separation between two airplanes. A factor related to the incident was the local controller's delay in remedial action.
- [NTSB ANC93LA046](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA046.md): Piper PA-22 · Drift River, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 20, 1993 · N72999 · Substantial damage
  > The pilots inadvertent VFR flight into IMC conditions. Factors were the rising terrain and the whiteout conditions.
- [NTSB MIA93LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA086.md): Cessna 180K · Madison, MS · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 19, 1993 · N66388 · Substantial damage
  > Induction air control/system partial failure, induction air control/system leak, and the lack of suitable terrain for the forced landing.
- [NTSB LAX93FA154](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93FA154.md): Cessna 172M · White Water, CA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 19, 1993 · N12587 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to see and avoid the tower due to drug impairment. Factors which contributed to the accident were: the low altitude and the dawn light condition.
- [NTSB ANC93LA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA047.md): Piper PA-12-150 · Anchorage, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 19, 1993 · N4182M · Destroyed
  > The complete loss of engine power due to undetermined reasons. Factor was the deep water forced landing area.
- [NTSB SEA93LA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA078.md): Schweizer G-164B-600 · Quincy, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 18, 1993 · N7503L · Substantial damage
  > Unsuitable terrain encountered during a forced landing after an engine cylinder assembly had separated. Factors include a snowbank.
- [NTSB LAX93LA181](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA181.md): Cessna U-206G · Yuma, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 16, 1993 · N733TH · Substantial damage
  > An inadequate annual inspection which led to a loss of the electrical system due to loose alternator belt, and the pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point during a night precautionary landing on an unlit runway.
- [NTSB MIA93LA085](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA085.md): Cessna 150M · Fort Pierce, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 15, 1993 · N6168K · Substantial damage
  > Inaccurate fuel consumption calculations, resulting in fuel exhaustion.
- [NTSB LAX93LA151](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA151.md): Cessna 182 · Lake Havasu, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 15, 1993 · N466KT · Substantial damage
  > The improper welding of the inboard boss by an unknown person resulting in a fatigue failure on the inboard boss. A factor related to the accident was the vehicle that was struck during the forced landing.
- [NTSB FTW93FA105](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93FA105.md): Piper PA-28R-201T · Radium Springs, NM · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 15, 1993 · N47402 · Destroyed
  > A total failure of the airplane's vacuum system. Factors which contributed to the accident were: the dark night, snow, the pilot's loss of aircraft control, and the pilot's lack of experience in flying in actual intrument meteorological conditions.
- [NTSB FTW93FA103](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93FA103.md): Beech 58 · Grants, NM · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 15, 1993 · N4320W · Destroyed
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight planning/preparation and the selection of an altitude that would not provide terrain clearance along his planned route. Factors were the dark night conditions and the mountainous terrain.
- [NTSB LAX93LA150](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA150.md): Cessna 172 · Gila Bend, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 14, 1993 · N4070F · Substantial damage
  > The failure of maintenance personnel to perform mandatory service bulletins during the annual inspection 20 flying hours prior to the accident which resulted in the carburetor's primary venturi becoming loose.
- [NTSB LAX93FA149](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93FA149.md): Cessna 421C · Eagle Mountain, CA · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 12, 1993 · N2656N · Destroyed
  > Failure of the left elevator for undetermined reason(s), which resulted in flutter and failure of the empennage, and subsequent uncontrolled collision with the terrain.
- [NTSB MIA93LA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA084.md): Beech B23 · Village Of Golf, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 10, 1993 · N6998Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's improper movement of the fuel selector valve resulting in fuel starvation, forced landing, and an in-flight collision with terrain.
- [NTSB FTW93FA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93FA100.md): Boeing 727-200 · Houston, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 9, 1993 · N79754 · No damage
  > The failure of the pilot of the T-38A to follow flight advisories. A factor which contributed to the accident was the development of a letter of agreement between the FAA and NASA which was not in accordance with ICAO procedures.
- [NTSB ANC93LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA041.md): Cessna 180H · Port Alsworth, AK · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 8, 1993 · N9737G · Substantial damage
  > The non instrument rated pilot in command entering instrument meteorological conditions. A factor in the accident was the snow/whiteout condition.
- [NTSB FTW93LA097](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA097.md): Beech A36 · Plano, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 7, 1993 · N6088S · Substantial damage
  > Fuel starvation induced power loss resultant from failure of the pilot to switch the fuel selector to the proper fuel tank. Factors were the dark night conditions and lack of suitable terrain for a forced landing
- [NTSB FTW93FA096](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93FA096.md): Cessna 172N · Katy, TX · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 6, 1993 · N222UF · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane for undetermined reasons
- [NTSB FTW93LA095](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA095.md): Beech 65-A90 · Midlothian, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 5, 1993 · N800VT · Substantial damage
  > The loss of engine power and the pilot's failure to refuel. A factor was the inadvertent stall during the flare touchdown
- [NTSB FTW93LA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA094.md): Cessna 172N · Houston, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 3, 1993 · N8071E · Substantial damage
  > Fuel starvation power loss due to carburetor restriction from a foreign object, the inadequate inspection and improper overhaul of the carburetor by other maintenance personnel
- [NTSB DEN93LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93LA030.md): Cessna T210N · Walsh, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 3, 1993 · N5367A · Substantial damage
  > A complete power loss from mechanical failure. A factor was: a pond, which the aircraft entered during landing roll.
- [NTSB SEA93FA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93FA071.md): Cessna 402B · Oakley, UT · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 2, 1993 · N3103P · Destroyed
  > Poor inflight planning/decision. Factors to the accident were: dark night condition and terrain clearance was not maintained.
- [NTSB BFO93LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA038.md): Cessna 152 · Petersburg, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 1, 1993 · N5523L · Substantial damage
  > Loss of engine power due to undetermined reasons. A factor related to the accident was the short, soft, hilly terrain condition in the emergency landing area.
- [NTSB SEA93LA070](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA070.md): Cessna 172M · Salem, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 28, 1993 · N12698 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the engine oil pump impeller.
- [NTSB MIA93LA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA076.md): Huddleston-Bell 47G2 · Rio Grande, PR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 28, 1993 · N37870 · Substantial damage
  > Poor in-flight planning by the pilot-in-command. Contributing to the accident was the flight's lack of total experience.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400/cases.md?page=245

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 400)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400/cases?page=244

---
OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.