# NTSB investigations: Maneuvering

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 121 of 378 · 18,851 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB LAX98LA187](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA187.md): Cessna 152 · Descanso, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 7, 1998 · N5343M · Destroyed
  > the certified flight instructor's disregard of the weather briefings and forecasted en route weather conditions, and, his failure to maintain adequate altitude/clearance in mountainous terrain. Contributing to the accident were instrument meteorological…
- [NTSB SEA98FA090](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98FA090.md): Maule M-5-220C · Kettle Falls, WA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jun 6, 1998 · N16CB · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain terrain clearance. A factor was an attempt to perform aerobatics at low altitude.
- [NTSB LAX98LA254](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA254.md): Girgen Kitfox II · Peoria, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 6, 1998 · N62KF · Substantial damage
  > An engine failure due to a broken rotary valve for unknown reasons. Contributing factors to the accident was an inadequate inspection by the owner of a previously damaged engine during maintenance overhaul prior to installation in the airframe.
- [NTSB FTW98LA258](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA258.md): Grumman-Schweizer G-164A · Lazbuddie, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 6, 1998 · N5087 · Substantial damage
  > The loss of engine power for undetermined reasons. A factor was the lack of suitable terrain for the forced landing.
- [NTSB CHI98LA197](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA197.md): Wolfe Pulsar 582 · Greenfield, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 6, 1998 · N177TW · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to obtain control of the aircraft during the recovery from a stall. Factors associated with the accident were the intentional stall initiated and the low altitude which did not allow a full recovery from the stall condition.
- [NTSB CHI98LA192](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA192.md): Grumman G164 · Somonauk, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 6, 1998 · N710Y · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudgment of distance. Factors were wind gusts and crops.
- [NTSB FTW98LA259](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA259.md): Ayres S2R · Watson, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 5, 1998 · N4007Y · Substantial damage
  > The partial loss of engine power due to the disconnection of the propeller governor control as a result of the stripped threads on the propeller governor control push-pull rod. A factor was the lack of suitable terrain for the forced landing.
- [NTSB SEA98FA088](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98FA088.md): Cessna 172N · Prindle, WA · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jun 4, 1998 · N6234D · Destroyed
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain control of the aircraft during attempted flight into instrument meteorological conditions. Factors contributing to the accident were clouds, dark night conditions, spatial disorientation, and drug impairment.
- [NTSB IAD98LA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98LA067.md): Cessna 150G · Selbyville, DE · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 3, 1998 · N3731J · Substantial damage
  > Inadequate compensation for wind conditions by the pilot, and his failure to maintain control of the airplane. High, gusting winds were contributing factors.
- [NTSB SEA98FA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98FA084.md): McDonnell Douglas 369FF · Shoshone, ID · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jun 2, 1998 · N16031 · Substantial damage
  > Failure to maintain clearance from wires. A transmission wire was a factor.
- [NTSB FTW98LA253](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA253.md): Hiller UH-12E · Delaplaine, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 2, 1998 · N4028T · Substantial damage
  > The failure of maintenance personnel to comply with and airworthiness directive, which resulted in failure of the planetary gear due to lack of lubrication. A contributing factors was the lack of suitable terrain for the pilot to execute a forced landing.
- [NTSB MIA98FA172](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98FA172.md): Aero Commander Callair A-9 · Ocean Springs, MS · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jun 1, 1998 · N7736V · Destroyed
  > an in-flight collision with a nylon rope (wire), resulting in a loss of engine power, an inadvertent stall, and subsequent impact with the ground.
- [NTSB ANC98LA063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA063.md): Piper PA-18 · Talkeetna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 1, 1998 · N4587A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate altitude/clearance from rising terrain. A factor associated with the accident was rising terrain.
- [NTSB FTW98FA248](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98FA248.md): Jacob Tussel Everett B1 · Stanley, NM · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 31, 1998 · N30BP · Destroyed
  > The pilot's intentional performance of an aerobatic maneuver at an altitude insufficient for a safe recovery.
- [NTSB SEA98FA083](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98FA083.md): Papa 51 Thunder Mustang · Marsing, ID · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 30, 1998 · N151TM · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed which resulted in a stall.
- [NTSB CHI98LA175](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA175.md): Boeing Stearman A75-N1 · West Fargo, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 27, 1998 · N49955 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to assure an adequate fuel supply in order to complete the flight. A factor associated with the accident was the soft terrain on which the forced landing was made.
- [NTSB NYC98FA117](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC98FA117.md): Morelli Rans S9 · Taunton, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 26, 1998 · N1189Z · Destroyed
  > The pilot's operation of the aircraft in an unapproved configuration contrary to procedures resulting in diminished aircraft control, and his failure to maintain control of the aircraft resulting in a stall/spin event. Contributing factors were the…
- [NTSB CHI98FA172](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98FA172.md): Piper J-3C · Morris, IL · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 26, 1998 · N24743 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control during low altitude flight.
- [NTSB MIA98LA181](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA181.md): Air Tractor AT-401 · Rich, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 24, 1998 · N1008Y · Substantial damage
  > a loss of engine power for an undetermined reason, resulting in a forced landing and subsequent impact with rough terrain.
- [NTSB FTW98LA236](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA236.md): Grumman G-164 · Huntington, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 23, 1998 · N744Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed.
- [NTSB SEA98LA080](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98LA080.md): Air Tractor AT-401 · Idaho Falls, ID · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 20, 1998 · N1009T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain clearance from a power transmission line during an aerial application flight. Factors include a power line located just beyond the boundary of the field being sprayed, and the pilot's incorrect judgement of the distance between…
- [NTSB SEA98FA077](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98FA077.md): Garlick UH-1H · Hope, ID · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · May 19, 1998 · N98NW · Substantial damage
  > Failure of a misaligned main bearing in the engine. Factors include returning a previously unairworthy-tagged engine to service by the operator's maintenance personnel without sufficient information to identify and correct an unknown engine deficiency.
- [NTSB IAD98FA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98FA061.md): Sukhoi SU-29 · Manassas, VA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 19, 1998 · N292SU · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate altitude/clearance during an aerobatic maneuver.
- [NTSB FTW98FA229](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98FA229.md): Piper PA-23-160 · Guthrie, OK · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 18, 1998 · N4410P · Destroyed
  > The designated pilot examiner's decision to execute a single engine go-around which exceeded the airplane's engine out climb capability in the gear down configuration. Factors were the arcing of an electrical wire that grounded the engine starter and the high…
- [NTSB CHI98FA159](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98FA159.md): Bell 206L-1 · Arlington Hgts, IL · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 18, 1998 · N41BL · Destroyed
  > Loss of helicopter control for unknown reasons.
- [NTSB CHI98LA155](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA155.md): Wsk Pzl Mielec M-18A · Dawson, ND · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 17, 1998 · N2284B · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain clearance with the telephone pole. Factors associated with the accident were the pole and the glare from the rising sun.
- [NTSB FTW98LA221](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA221.md): Piper PA-25-260D · Richfield, UT · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 16, 1998 · N9754P · Destroyed
  > the pilot's improper planning/decision, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and loss of engine power; and his failure to maintain adequate airspeed, while maneuvering for a forced landing, which resulted in an inadvertent stall and collision with the terrain.
- [NTSB FTW98LA217](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA217.md): Ayres SR2-T34 · Dewitt, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 14, 1998 · N393KW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain proper clearance from a fixed obstacle [utility pole] while maneuvering. A factor was pilot fatigue.
- [NTSB ANC98FA046](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98FA046.md): Cessna 208 · Nome, AK · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · May 14, 1998 · N192AV · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's continued VFR flight into instrument meteorological conditions. Factors in the accident were low ceilings, whiteout conditions, and snow covered terrain.
- [NTSB LAX98LA156](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA156.md): Bellanca 7GCBC · Gorman, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · May 13, 1998 · N11867 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed and an inadvertent stall while attempting to reverse direction in low cloud conditions in mountainous terrain
- [NTSB CHI98LA152](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA152.md): Read Rotorway Executive · Valparaiso, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 13, 1998 · N4561C · Substantial damage
  > the pilot not maintaining adequate clearance with the ground during hover. Factors which contributed to this accident were the pilot's execution of a hovering turn at too low of an altitude, inadequate preflight preparation, and failing to remove the…
- [NTSB FTW98FA215](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98FA215.md): Beech 76 · Frisco, TX · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 12, 1998 · N6701C · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control resulting in an inadvertent stall while performing simulated single engine maneuvers during a practical test for a multiengine rating.
- [NTSB CHI98TA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98TA145.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Artesian, SD · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · May 11, 1998 · N83679 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed which resulted in a stall.
- [NTSB CHI98LA143](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA143.md): Alon A-2 · Cedar Hills, MO · Accident · 2 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · May 10, 1998 · N5482E · Destroyed
  > the failure of the pilot to maintain airplane control due to alcohol impairment.
- [NTSB MIA98LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA153.md): Cessna 172N · West Palm Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 9, 1998 · N733LW · Substantial damage
  > the dual student's failure to use carburetor heat while circling at a reduced power setting, and the flight instructor's failure to properly supervise the student.
- [NTSB FTW98LA211](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA211.md): Eller BD-5B · Falcon, CO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 9, 1998 · N194EC · Substantial damage
  > The vibration induced overload failure of the canopy holdback fitting resulting in reduced control capability. A factor was partial failure of one propeller blade for unknown reasons.
- [NTSB LAX98FA152](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98FA152.md): Cessna 172N · Avalon, CA · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 7, 1998 · N6514E · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate altitude/clearance in a Blind/Box Canyon. A related factor was the mountainous/hilly terrain.
- [NTSB FTW98LA205](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA205.md): Air Tractor AT-402 · Forrest City, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 7, 1998 · N91660 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain clearance with terrain. Factors were the sunglare and the pilot's restriction to visibility due to chemicals on the windshield.
- [NTSB CHI98LA142](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA142.md): Bombardier Rans S-9 · Waukee, IA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · May 7, 1998 · N5360D · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane which resulted in a stall while performing intentional buzzing maneuvers.
- [NTSB FTW98FA203](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98FA203.md): Ercoupe 415-C · Olustee, OK · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 6, 1998 · N87125 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper decision to attempt an 180 degree turn to return to the takeoff runway.
- [NTSB SEA98LA070](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98LA070.md): Cessna 172N · Enumclaw, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 5, 1998 · N6468D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's continued VFR flight into IMC conditions and his failure to maintain clearance from terrain. Clouds and mountainous terrain were a factor.
- [NTSB FTW98LA206](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA206.md): Grumman G-164B · Lewisville, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 4, 1998 · N48484 · Substantial damage
  > The total loss of engine power for undetermined reasons. A factor was the lack of suitable terrain for the forced landing.
- [NTSB SEA98LA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98LA069.md): Bell 47G3B2A · Stanwood, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 3, 1998 · N7965J · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the number two connecting rod, which led to additional internal engine damage and a complete loss of power. Factors include soft terrain in the area where the pilot found it necessary to execute his forced landing.
- [NTSB LAX98LA144](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA144.md): Schweizer G164D · Robbins, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 27, 1998 · N31785 · Destroyed
  > Aircraft rudder post failure due to extensive rusting which resulted in a partial loss of aircraft control.
- [NTSB IAD98FA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98FA049.md): Fairchild Hiller FH-1100 · Stevensville, MD · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 26, 1998 · N1345Q · Destroyed
  > The pilot's abrupt, low-g maneuver, which resulted in mast bumping and separation of the main rotor system.
- [NTSB FTW98FA192](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98FA192.md): Beech BE-58 · Kerrville, TX · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 26, 1998 · N60UU · Destroyed
  > The non-instrument rated pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control due to spatial disorientation. Factors were the dark night conditions, overcast skies, and the pilot's inadequate preflight planning.
- [NTSB FTW98LA194](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA194.md): Grumman-Schweizer G-164B · Oberlin, LA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 25, 1998 · N63E · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control. A factor was the gusty wind.
- [NTSB MIA98LA141](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA141.md): Star-Lite Engineering Warp 1A · Lakeland, FL · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 21, 1998 · N914SL · Destroyed
  > the pilot's failure to maintain airspeed, while maneuvering on crosswind in the traffic pattern, which resulted in an inadvertent stall, and an in-flight collision with a building and the terrain. Factors relating to the accident were: the pilot's decision to…
- [NTSB MIA98FA135](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98FA135.md): Boeing A-75N1 · Kissimmee, FL · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 19, 1998 · N806RB · 2 aircraft · Destroyed
  > Failure of the number 2 pilot to maintain visual contact and/or proper position/clearance from other aircraft.
- [NTSB FTW98LA183](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA183.md): Enstrom 280C · Castle Rock, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 16, 1998 · N5693D · Substantial damage
  > Malfunction of the engine-driven fuel pump. Factors were unsuitable terrain, soft ground, and a berm.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450/cases.md?page=122

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 450)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450/cases?page=121

---
OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.
