# NTSB investigations: Maneuvering

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 92 of 378 · 18,851 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB MIA04FA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA04FA023.md): Beech G35 · Okolona, MS · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 21, 2003 · N4214D · Destroyed
  > The pilot's intentional low altitude maneuver and buzzing resulting in collision with trees, uncontrolled descent, and in-flight collision with terrain. A factor in the accident was the pilot's ostentatious display.
- [NTSB SEA04LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA04LA019.md): Kaman K-600 · Nordman, ID · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 20, 2003 · N286M · Substantial damage
  > The total failure of the helicopter's right main rotor shaft while in an ascending hover due to the propagation of a fatigue crack that initiated in a corrosion pit on the surface of a slot in the wall of the subject shaft. Factors include accumulation of…
- [NTSB SEA04FA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA04FA020.md): Cessna T210N · Bellevue, ID · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 20, 2003 · N5244A · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate altitude above mountainous terrain while maneuvering during descent. Factors included the mountainous terrain, the high wind condition, and dark night light conditions.
- [NTSB FTW04FA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW04FA025.md): Beech A45 · Montgomery, TX · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 19, 2003 · N44KK · Destroyed
  > The non-compliance with applicable Airworthiness Directives which required wing spar inspections, and the continued operation of the aircraft beyond the compliance time extension granted as per the approved alternate means of compliance (AMOC). Also causal…
- [NTSB SEA04LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA04LA018.md): Bell 47G-3B-2 · Monmouth, OR · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 18, 2003 · N7825S · Substantial damage
  > Fatigue failure of a tail rotor blade during hover operations.
- [NTSB LAX04CA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04CA048.md): Robinson R22 · Chandler, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 18, 2003 · N7193J · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's failure to maintain control of the helicopter while hovering. A factor to the accident was the student pilot's lack of experience.
- [NTSB NYC04LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04LA035.md): Northam RAF 2000 · Nelsonia, VA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 16, 2003 · N999GC · Destroyed
  > A loss of control for undetermined reason(s).
- [NTSB LAX04LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04LA039.md): Zivko Edge 540-T · King City, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 11, 2003 · N540RC · Substantial damage
  > The after market manufacturer's improper application of a crankshaft, which exceeded the original manufacturer's intended use. A factor in the accident was the oil covering the windscreen, which restricted the pilot's ability to see.
- [NTSB CHI04LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA030.md): Hughes 269B · Louisville, KY · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 10, 2003 · N1093D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper in-flight decision to allow the passenger to manipulate the aircraft flight controls, his failure to maintain altitude/clearance from the river, and his inadequate remedial action. A related factor was the low altitude.
- [NTSB NYC04LA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04LA024.md): Cessna 150H · Bruceton Mills, WV · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 6, 2003 · N23178 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's physical impairment due to alcohol and his improper decision to attempt flight with a low cloud ceiling, low visibility, after consuming alcohol. A related factor in the accident was the low cloud ceiling.
- [NTSB FTW04LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW04LA019.md): Richard Riley Velocity · Fargo, OK · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 6, 2003 · N57V · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the aircraft while practicing slow flight. A contributing factor was the low altitude selected by the pilot.
- [NTSB NYC04LA021](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04LA021.md): Fleet 16B · Fishers Island, NY · Accident · 2 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 2, 2003 · N80656 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate clearance while maneuvering, which resulted in a collision with water.
- [NTSB LAX04LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04LA034.md): Canadair T33 · Santa Clarita, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 2, 2003 · N99192 · Destroyed
  > the pilot's failure to maintain adequate clearance from terrain during low altitude maneuvers.
- [NTSB ATL04LA033](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04LA033.md): Bartholomew Firestar · Waxhaw, NC · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 2, 2003 · N432JR · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed while maneuvering on final approach resulting in an inadvertent stall and in-flight collision with trees and the ground.
- [NTSB MIA04LA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA04LA015.md): Bellanca 8KCAB · Ocala, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 30, 2003 · N5519K · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the dual student to maintain airspeed (VS) and the CFI's improper supervision while turning to reverse direction resulting in an inadvertent stall/spin and collision with trees and the ground during the resultant uncontrolled descent.
- [NTSB MIA04CA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA04CA010.md): Cessna 152 · Pierson, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 22, 2003 · N94445 · Substantial damage
  > In flight collision with a bird, resulting in airplane not being able to maintain altitude and nosing over during a forced landing on unsuitable terrain.
- [NTSB ATL04FA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04FA023.md): Piper PA-32R-301 · Spencer, TN · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 22, 2003 · N69190 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed while maneuvering resulting in an inadvertent stall and the subsequent collision with the ground.
- [NTSB MIA04FA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA04FA008.md): Bell 47G-2A-1 · Balm, FL · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 21, 2003 · N73979 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's intentional buzzing and his failure to maintain altitude/clearance which resulted in an in-flight collision with a building.
- [NTSB CHI04LA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA017.md): Hughes 369HS · Evansville, MN · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 21, 2003 · N49TJ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgment of clearance from the surface of the lake during the aerial application pass. The low altitude operation, glassy water, and his visual perception were contributing factors.
- [NTSB SEA04FA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA04FA009.md): Beech A36 · Seaside, OR · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 20, 2003 · N136SB · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain clearance from objects while maneuvering. High winds, gusts and rain were factors.
- [NTSB FTW04LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW04LA014.md): Rans S-10 · Ponder, TX · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 19, 2003 · N190SP · Destroyed
  > The pilot's decision to conduct low altitude maneuvering flight and his failure to maintain adequate airspeed.
- [NTSB SEA04FA006](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA04FA006.md): Cessna 340A · Scappoose, OR · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 18, 2003 · N340P · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed while maneuvering. An inadvertent stall, the pilot's failure to follow engine operation procedures and engine detonation were factors.
- [NTSB FTW04LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW04LA010.md): General Motors FM-2 · Houston, TX · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 18, 2003 · N681S · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed resulting in an inadvertent stall/spin while maneuvering to land.
- [NTSB CHI04LA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA015.md): Schweizer 269C · Fenton, MI · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 18, 2003 · N456JP · Substantial damage
  > The intentional low altitude flight maneuvering and the ostentatious display by the pilot. The water was a factor to the accident.
- [NTSB NYC04LA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04LA011.md): Cessna 150M · Wax, KY · Accident · 2 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 16, 2003 · N3807V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain obstacle clearance. Low altitude flight is a contributing factor.
- [NTSB LAX04LA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04LA015.md): Bell UH-1B · Durham, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 16, 2003 · N234SJ · Substantial damage
  > Separation of the power turbine shaft retaining bolt resulting in extensive power turbine area damage and a loss of shaft output power.
- [NTSB FTW04LA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW04LA009.md): Ayres · Midland, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 15, 2003 · N4013Z · Substantial damage
  > A loss of engine power due to a ruptured oil line. A contributing factor was the lack of suitable terrain available for the forced landing.
- [NTSB SEA04LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA04LA005.md): Bell 206B · Swisshome, OR · Accident · 2 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 14, 2003 · N86W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain clearance from power lines while maneuvering. The power line, mountainous terrain with high obstructions (thick trees and underbrush) and the operators failure to maintain a "hazard map" as indicated in their procedures manual…
- [NTSB LAX04LA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04LA012.md): Rockwell International S-2R · Lemoore, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 13, 2003 · N7950V · Substantial damage
  > a loss of control for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB NYC04LA006](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04LA006.md): Extra Flugzeugbau EA-300L · Queen Anne, MD · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 12, 2003 · N18NL · Destroyed
  > The pilot's performance of aerobatic maneuvers with positive and negative Gs, which resulted in a G induced loss of control, and uncontrolled impact with the ground.
- [NTSB DEN04LA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN04LA008.md): Cessna 182R · Lysite, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 12, 2003 · N4981E · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's fuel mismanagement resulting in the loss of engine power and the subsequent forced landing. A contributing factor was the lack of suitable terrain for a forced landing and the nose over.
- [NTSB ATL04LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04LA014.md): McCan Velox Revolution II · Mooresville, NC · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 12, 2003 · N296VX · Destroyed
  > The pilot's inadequate in-flight planning/decision to conduct an aerobatic maneuver at an altitude too low to initiate a recovery.
- [NTSB FTW04FA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW04FA007.md): Bell 206L-3 · W. Cameron 509 · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 10, 2003 · N81671 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's loss of control following an inadvertent encounter with adverse weather conditions. Contributing factors were the prevailing thunderstorms, the low ceilings, and the miscommunication between the pilot and the company's communication center in…
- [NTSB CHI04LA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA007.md): Aviat Pitts S-2B · Cromwell, MN · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 10, 2003 · N68PS · Destroyed
  > The altitude/clearance not maintained by the pilot while performing aerobatic maneuvers. Contributing factors were the planning/decision to perform an aerobatic maneuver at a low altitude.
- [NTSB NYC04LA004](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04LA004.md): Pfeifler Edge-540 · Warrenton, VA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 7, 2003 · N540SH · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control while performing aerobatic maneuvers.
- [NTSB FTW04TA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW04TA012.md): Hughes OH-6A · Eagle Pass, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Oct 7, 2003 · N8524Z · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the aft segment of the tail rotor drive shaft for undertermined reasons. A contibuting factor was the lack of suitable terrain for the foced landing.
- [NTSB ATL04LA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04LA011.md): Hughes 269A · Huntsville, AL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 7, 2003 · N911HC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain obstacle clearance while hovering out of ground effect, which resulted in a collision with a tree and subsequent uncontrolled collision with the ground.
- [NTSB ATL04LA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04LA007.md): Stinson 108-3 · Lake Placid, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 5, 2003 · N831C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed which resulted in an inadvertent stall.
- [NTSB DEN04FA003](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN04FA003.md): Mooney M20J · Grantsville, UT · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 4, 2003 · N201KM · Destroyed
  > the pilot's failure to maintain an adequate visual outlook during low level flight maneuvers that resulted in a collision with terrain. A contributing factor was the pilot's attention being diverted.
- [NTSB LAX04FA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04FA002.md): Lockheed P2V · East Highlands, CA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 3, 2003 · N299MA · Destroyed
  > the pilot's inadequate in-flight planning/decision and continued flight into instrument meteorological conditions that resulted in controlled flight into mountainous terrain.
- [NTSB CHI04LA003](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA003.md): Luscombe 8E · Orange City, IA · Accident · 2 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 3, 2003 · N1909K · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain obstacle clearance from the trees while manuevering at a low altitude. A factor was the trees.
- [NTSB ATL04LA001](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04LA001.md): Johnson Walter A Hornet · Saint Marys, GA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 1, 2003 · N1928J · Substantial damage
  > The loss of engine power due to improper maintenance and the pilot's failure to maintian airspeed during the attempted forced landing that resulted in a stall.
- [NTSB NYC03CA207](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC03CA207.md): Robinson R-22A · Bedford, MA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 28, 2003 · N56MU · Substantial damage
  > The certified flight instructor's failure to maintain ground clearance and his delayed remedial action, which resulted in a rollover.
- [NTSB NYC03FA206](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC03FA206.md): Piper PA-18-180 · Bardstown, KY · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Sep 27, 2003 · N4314Z · Destroyed
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain aircraft control for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB ATL03LA149](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL03LA149.md): Cessna 150A · Beaufort, NC · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 27, 2003 · N5581E · Substantial damage
  > Loss of engine power due to undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB ATL03LA146](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL03LA146.md): Aeronca BL-7-AC · Pell City, AL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 24, 2003 · N83608 · Substantial damage
  > The pilots failure to maintain airspeed that resulted in the loss of control and the subsequent collision with the ground.
- [NTSB LAX03LA294](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX03LA294.md): Cessna 172N · Pahrump, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 21, 2003 · N6548D · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain altitude/clearance from the mountainous terrain while maneuvering, which resulted in an in-flight collision with terrain.
- [NTSB LAX03MA292](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX03MA292.md): Aerospatiale AS350BA · GrandCanyonWest, AZ · Accident · 7 fatal · Class 1 · Major · Final report · Sep 20, 2003 · N270SH · Destroyed
  > The pilot's disregard of safe flying procedures and misjudgment of the helicopter's proximity to terrain, which resulted in an in-flight collision with a canyon wall. Contributing to the accident was the failure of Sundance Helicopters and the Federal…
- [NTSB DEN03FA155](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN03FA155.md): Hawker Siddeley HS-125-700A · Beaumont, TX · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Sep 20, 2003 · N45BP · Destroyed
  > the first pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control and adequate airspeed. Contributing factors included performing intentional stalls at too low an altitude to afford a safe recovery, the pilot's failure to add power in an attempt to recover, and the…
- [NTSB LAX03LA289](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX03LA289.md): Butzbach Smith Miniplane DSA1 · Escondido, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 16, 2003 · N40DB · Destroyed
  > The pilot's low level aerobatic maneuver and his failure to maintain control of the airplane, which resulted in an uncontrolled descent and impact with terrain.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450/cases.md?page=93

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 450)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450/cases?page=92

---
OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.
