# NTSB investigations, MA: Maneuvering

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 1 of 3 · 114 cases

## Latest cases

- [NTSB ERA25FA230](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA25FA230.md): Mooney M20F · Beverly, MA · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Jun 19, 2025 · N9573M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain control of the airplane while maneuvering to return to the airport which resulted in an aerodynamic stall. Contributing to the accident was the improperly installed No. 2 cylinder bottom spark plug by maintenance personnel,…
- [NTSB ERA24FA088](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24FA088.md): Beech 95-B55 (T42A) · Leyden, MA · Accident · 3 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Jan 14, 2024 · N7345R · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor’s failure to maintain airplane control during a stall, which resulted in an inadvertent spin from which the airplane was not recovered. Contributing to the accident were the overall effect of the flight instructor’s use of multiple…
- [NTSB ERA22LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA043.md): Piper PA-28-236 · Orleans, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Oct 31, 2021 · N2186U · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s spatial disorientation and subsequent loss of airplane control while maneuvering over water in dark night conditions.
- [NTSB ERA19LA214](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA19LA214.md): Pipistrel Sinus · Haverhill, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Jul 4, 2019 · N269PW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to utilize the proper procedure and unfeather the motorized glider’s propeller prior to an in-flight engine restart, resulting in a lack of thrust and subsequent forced landing.
- [NTSB ERA16LA216](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA16LA216.md): Robinson Helicopter R44 · Chatham, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 17, 2016 · N141TM · Substantial damage
  > The inadequate maintenance of the lower forward clutch actuator bearing for a prolonged period of time, which resulted in a bearing failure. Contributing to the accident was an erroneous maintenance entry, which resulted in the helicopter being operated…
- [NTSB ERA11CA235](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA11CA235.md): Robinson R22 · Marlboro, MA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Apr 10, 2011 · N791SH · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control during takeoff.
- [NTSB ERA10LA488](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10LA488.md): Schulman Mosquito XEL · Halifax, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 19, 2010 · UNREG · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's loss of control while hovering. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s limited experience operating the helicopter make and model.
- [NTSB ERA10LA362](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10LA362.md): Garlick Helicopters OH-58A+ · Rowley, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 15, 2010 · N802JB · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the power turbine governor internal driveshaft bearings, resulting in the failure of the governor.
- [NTSB ERA10FA283](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10FA283.md): Schweizer 269C-1 · Boxborough, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 26, 2010 · N73SJ · Substantial damage
  > The FAA inspector's rapid reduction of power which resulted in a loss of engine power and his decision to initiate a turn during the autorotation without sufficient altitude to clear obstacles. Contributing to the accident was the FAA’s lack of comprehensive…
- [NTSB ERA09LA496](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA09LA496.md): Piper PA28-151 · Mansfield, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 1, 2009 · N32146 · Substantial damage
  > A loss of engine power due to carburetor icing as a result of the pilot's delayed use of carburetor heat.
- [NTSB ERA09CA401](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA09CA401.md): Robinson Helicopter R22 Beta · Bedford, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 13, 2009 · N211SH · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's inadequate remedial action while conducting hover practice with a student pilot, which resulted in the helicopter rolling over when it contacted the ground.
- [NTSB ERA09LA194](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA09LA194.md): Hughes 369D · Lee, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 10, 2009 · N369RT · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain clearance from the overhead wire.
- [NTSB ATL07LA115](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL07LA115.md): Cirrus Design SR20 · Siassconset, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 18, 2007 · N869CD · Substantial damage
  > The non-instrument rated pilot's loss of control at night in instrument flight conditions due to spatial disorientation. A factor was the pilot's in-flight decision not to inform the controller that he was not instrument rated.
- [NTSB NYC07LA077](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC07LA077.md): Schweizer 269C · Plymouth, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 12, 2007 · N2074K · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain control of the helicopter during a hover, and the flight instructor's delayed remedial action.
- [NTSB NYC06CA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC06CA020.md): Robinson R44 · Bourne, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 1, 2005 · N319CD · Substantial damage
  > The inadvertent contact of a lift strap with the tail rotor during external load operations, which resulted in a forced landing and subsequent collision with terrain. A factor in this accident was the gusty wind conditions.
- [NTSB IAD05LA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD05LA107.md): Brantly Helicopter B-2B · Plymouth, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 2005 · N9018Y · Substantial damage
  > Fatigue failure of the intermediate tailrotor driveshaft, which resulted in a loss of directional control at a hover.
- [NTSB IAD05LA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD05LA007.md): SanClemente Zenith CH 601HDS · Leominster, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 26, 2004 · N166DK · Destroyed
  > A loss of aircraft control for an undetermined reason.
- [NTSB NYC04CA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04CA166.md): Robinson R-44 II · Beverly, MA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 11, 2004 · N277MC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate visual lookout, which resulted in a collision with transmission wires.
- [NTSB NYC03CA207](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC03CA207.md): Robinson R-22A · Bedford, MA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 28, 2003 · N56MU · Substantial damage
  > The certified flight instructor's failure to maintain ground clearance and his delayed remedial action, which resulted in a rollover.
- [NTSB IAD03LA033](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD03LA033.md): Rotorway Exec 162F · Westford, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 15, 2003 · N241WC · Substantial damage
  > The inflight loss of control due to the loss of tail rotor effectiveness.
- [NTSB IAD03LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD03LA022.md): Cessna 172H · Leeds, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 4, 2002 · N2706L · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's failure to ensure adequate fuel onboard, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and a total loss of engine power.
- [NTSB NYC03LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC03LA010.md): Cessna 152 · Salisbury, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 20, 2002 · N47147 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight inspection, which resulted in a loss of engine power due to fuel contamination. Factors in this accident were the corroded fuel tanks caps, and an inadequate annual inspection.
- [NTSB IAD02LA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD02LA094.md): Garlick OH-58AT · Rochester, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 14, 2002 · N444JB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to center the sling load prior to commencing forward flight. Also causal, was the pilot's improper decision to attempt a takeoff with a quartering tailwind, which resulted in an engine compressor stall.
- [NTSB IAD02TA081](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD02TA081.md): Crawford Widebody Long EZ · Martha's Vineyard, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Final report · Aug 3, 2002 · N3R · Substantial damage
  > Pilot incapacitation from a massive subarachnoid hemorrhage (stroke.)
- [NTSB NYC01FA128](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01FA128.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Danvers, MA · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 22, 2001 · N8365M · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control. Factors in the accident were the dark night, low ceiling, reduced visibility, and the pilot's decision to attempt a visual flight rules flight in marginal weather conditions.
- [NTSB IAD00FA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD00FA038.md): Piper PA-12 · Norfolk, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 17, 2000 · N3813M · Substantial damage
  > The loss of power for undetermined reasons, which resulted in an inadvertent stall during at banner pick-up.
- [NTSB NYC99FAMS3](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99FAMS3.md): Piper PA28RT-201T · Plymouth, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Missing aircraft · Final report · May 6, 1999 · N8235Z · Destroyed
  > undetermined (missing airplane)
- [NTSB NYC99LA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA013.md): Goodyear Aerospace GZ-20-A · Bedford, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 2, 1998 · N3A · No damage
  > The separation of the pull-in-line. A factor in the accident was the gusting winds.
- [NTSB NYC98FA117](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC98FA117.md): Morelli Rans S9 · Taunton, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 26, 1998 · N1189Z · Destroyed
  > The pilot's operation of the aircraft in an unapproved configuration contrary to procedures resulting in diminished aircraft control, and his failure to maintain control of the aircraft resulting in a stall/spin event. Contributing factors were the…
- [NTSB NYC98LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC98LA039.md): Cessna 172M · New Salem, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 9, 1997 · N12219 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate altitude/clearance above the water due to his impairment by drugs. A factor in this accident was the glassy water condition.
- [NTSB NYC97LA108](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA108.md): Schweizer SGS 135 · Pepperell, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 8, 1997 · N17976 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed during a turn, which resulted in an inadvertent stall and subsequent uncontrolled descent into water.
- [NTSB NYC96LA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA145.md): Bell 47G-5 · Carver, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 8, 1996 · N8591F · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate visual look out for obstacles, which resulted in a collision with wires and the ground.
- [NTSB NYC96LA135](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA135.md): Bell 206B III · South Carver, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 1, 1996 · N444JB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the helicopter during an aerial application maneuver. This put the helicopter in a low slow down wind, high power demand turn, where it encountered a loss of tail rotor effectiveness, and the subsequent collision…
- [NTSB NYC96LA016](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA016.md): Schweizer SGS 2-33 · Barre, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 22, 1995 · N65852 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper inflight planning/decision, which resulted in his failure to return to the airport after encountering an area of no thermal lift, and his failure to maintain adequate airspeed, while maneuvering to avoid an obstruction during an off…
- [NTSB NYC95LA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA100.md): Bell 47G-5A · Middleboro, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 4, 1995 · N444GW · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain airspeed during a low altitude aerial application turn, which resulted in inadvertent settling with power and the subsequent collision with the terrain.
- [NTSB NYC94LA110](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA110.md): Bell 47-G5 · Wareham, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 2, 1994 · N59400 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate inflight planning which resulted in fuel exhaustion and the loss of engine power.
- [NTSB NYC94LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA034.md): Cessna 182Q · Nantucket, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 6, 1993 · N96666 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's inability to control the airplane due to alcoholic impairment.
- [NTSB NYC93FA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93FA166.md): Piper PA-25-260 · Plymouth, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 22, 1993 · N4844Y · Substantial damage
  > was the failure of the pilot to attain proper alignment for the banner pickup which resulted in picking up the banner tow rope on the wing, and an inflight loss of control and uncontrolled contact with the ground.
- [NTSB NYC93FA118](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93FA118.md): Cessna P210 · Marthas Vineyrd, MA · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jun 18, 1993 · N73CE · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane.
- [NTSB NYC93FA110](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93FA110.md): Skillman Thorp T-18 · Chatham, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jun 13, 1993 · N221DP · Destroyed
  > the pilot's performance of an aerobatic maneuver, with insufficient altitude for recovery, resulting in a collision with the water
- [NTSB NYC93LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA086.md): Pitts S1T · Halifax, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1993 · N200ST · Substantial damage
  > Detachment of the throttle cable at the fuel injector arm. Soft terrain in the emergency landing area was a related factor.
- [NTSB BFO92FA131](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO92FA131.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Conway, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Sep 8, 1992 · N2509D · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain clearance above the trees. A possible factor related to the accident was the pilot's use of a prescription drug.
- [NTSB NYC92FA026](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC92FA026.md): Piper L-3 · Plymouth, MA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 3, 1991 · N6AN · Destroyed
  > The improper decision by the non-instrument-rated pilot to attempt VFR flight in instrument meteorological conditions, at a low altitude, which resulted in a collision with the water. Factors related to the accident were: the overconfidence of the pilot in…
- [NTSB NYC91DNA03](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91DNA03.md): Beckloff Baby ACE D · Nantucket, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Final report · Aug 13, 1991 · N7376 · Destroyed
  > No narrative included.
- [NTSB NYC91DNA02](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91DNA02.md): Bell 47-G3B1 · Harwich, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Apr 20, 1991 · N1166W · Substantial damage
  > A failure of the clutch during takeoff due to improper maintenance procedures. Factors related to the accident were insufficient altitude to establish an autorotation.
- [NTSB NYC91FA080](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91FA080.md): Beech F-33A · West Brookfield, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 4, 1991 · N77Y · Destroyed
  > The decision of the pilot to fly the airplane in conditions that prevented him from seeing and avoiding higher terrain. Factors related to the accident were the pilot's decision to not follow the instrument approach into palmer, and the reduced visibility due…
- [NTSB NYC91LA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91LA024.md): Bellanca 8KCAB · Buckland, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 4, 1990 · N5039K · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to execute an aerobatic maneuver at an altitude sufficient to clear the stand of trees.
- [NTSB NYC91LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91LA014.md): Stinson SR8C · Lakeville, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 20, 1990 · N17116 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged his altitude above the lake water and allowed the airplane to descend while making a left turn. Factor's related to the accident were: calm winds causing the lake water to be glassy.
- [NTSB NYC90DNA05](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90DNA05.md): North American P-51D · Chatham, MA · Accident · 2 fatal · Final report · Sep 29, 1990 · N51U · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain flying speed which resulted in an accelerated stall and loss of airplane control.
- [NTSB NYC90LA203](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA203.md): Cessna 152 · Provincetown, MA · Accident · 2 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 28, 1990 · N24894 · Destroyed
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain adequate airspeed, which resulted an inadvertent stall/spin. Probable factors related to the accident were: failure of the pilot to follow procedures/directives, and his lack of proper certification (qualification) for…

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450/cases.md?state=MA&page=2

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventStateOrRegion" = 'MA' AND c."eventCountry" = 'USA'
  AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 450)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450/cases?state=MA

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OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.
