# NTSB investigations: Approach

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 156 of 420 · 20,992 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB BFO90FA073](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO90FA073.md): Piper PA-28R-180 · Richland, VA · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 28, 1990 · N885MA · Destroyed
  > The pilot's inadvertent VFR flight into instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) and failure to maintain proper clearance from high terrain. Darkness and the adverse weather conditions were related factors.
- [NTSB SEA90FA167](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA90FA167.md): Cessna 150-L · Newman Lake, WA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1990 · N7019G · Destroyed
  > The pilot's poor judgement in attempting to land at an unlighted airstrip at night and his failure to maintain clearance from terrain during a go around.
- [NTSB LAX90LA301](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA301.md): Cessna 180 · Calexico, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 26, 1990 · N2985A · Substantial damage
  > The aircraft's encounter with unfavorable wind, a dust devil, that rendered the aircraft uncontrollable.
- [NTSB CHI90LA242](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA242.md): Cessna 140 · Blissfield, MI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1990 · N2239V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate visual lookout which resulted in a collision with a utility wire.
- [NTSB NYC90FA199](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90FA199.md): Piper PA-31T2 · Mattapan, MA · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1990 · N85HB · Destroyed
  > The pilot's improper in-flight planning/decision, which resulted in his failure to maintain control of the aircraft. Factors related to the accident were: failure of the left fuel control unit, and the adverse weather conditions.
- [NTSB FTW90FA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW90FA164.md): Hughes 269C · Shreveport, LA · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1990 · N223TV · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain clearance from the obstruction. Factors related to the accident were: the lack of visual ques due to the light conditions at dusk, the ground observer's lack of assistance and lack of experience in the type of operation, and…
- [NTSB ATL90LA161](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL90LA161.md): Cessna 172 · Palmetto, GA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1990 · N6173E · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's operation of the airplane with known mechanical deficiencies. A factor in the accident was the improperly maintained condition of the magnetos.
- [NTSB LAX90DUJ09](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90DUJ09.md): Stits SA6B · Tucson, AZ · Accident · 1 fatal · Final report · Aug 23, 1990 · N4203 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain aircraft control.
- [NTSB LAX90IA293](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90IA293.md): Boeing 737-322 · Los Angeles, CA · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Aug 21, 1990 · N305UA · Minor damage
  > Improper maintenance service by a company employee who allowed a foreign object (flashlight) to remain in the landing gear extend/retract linkage during a night servicing before the flight.
- [NTSB LAX90LA296](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA296.md): Cessna 182H · Temecula, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1990 · N2355X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight that resulted in his continuing flight with an inoperative alternator.
- [NTSB FTW90LA157](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW90LA157.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Kansas, OK · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 18, 1990 · N8335R · Substantial damage
  > Student pilot's failure to execute a go-around in a timely manner.
- [NTSB DEN90FA170](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN90FA170.md): Beech J35 · Santa Fe, NM · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 17, 1990 · N21CS · Destroyed
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain adequate airspeed, which resulted in an inadvertent stall.
- [NTSB SEA90LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA90LA164.md): Cessna A185F · Ovando, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 15, 1990 · N8343Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgement of altitude and distance to the runway, while on final approach, and his failure to attain the proper touchdown point for landing. The fence was a related factor.
- [NTSB LAX90DXQ04](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90DXQ04.md): Bell UH-1B · Bieber, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Final report · Aug 14, 1990 · N64789 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control when intentionally slowing his aircraft to off load water on fire. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's failure to arm and release the external load.
- [NTSB CHI90LA231](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA231.md): Hughes 369E · Grand Forks, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1990 · N841LA · Destroyed
  > The instructor pilot's (cfi's) delay in taking remedial action after he and/or the student failed to attain the proper touchdown point for a run-on landing. Factors related to the accident were: the proximity of the barracade and the student's delay in…
- [NTSB BFO90FA070](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO90FA070.md): Cessna 150G · Ridgeway, VA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1990 · N459AE · Destroyed
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain adequate airspeed, which resulted in a stall and inflight collision with the terrain.
- [NTSB NYC90LA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA190.md): Beech BE-23 · Burlington, CT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 1990 · N24698 · Destroyed
  > The CFI failed to maintain a safe sink rate resulting in an undershoot of the runway.
- [NTSB CHI90LA227](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA227.md): Beech BE 95 · Faribault, MN · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 1990 · N9906R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper inflight decision and his improper execution of the chosen emergency procedure.
- [NTSB FTW90LA155](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW90LA155.md): Cessna 150H · Houston, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1990 · N7285S · Substantial damage
  > Fuel exhaustion due to refueling not performed.
- [NTSB FTW90LA154](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW90LA154.md): Cessna 421B · El Paso, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 8, 1990 · N469RJ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper single engine emergency procedures.
- [NTSB FTW90LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW90LA153.md): Piper PA-34-200 · Denton, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 8, 1990 · N15515 · Substantial damage
  > The instructor pilot's failure to take control of the aircraft in a timely manner, resulting in loss of control. A factor was the instructor's failure to assume control of the throttles, and aircraft engine out capability exceeded.
- [NTSB LAX90LA276](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA276.md): Cessna TR182 · San Anderas, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 7, 1990 · N5313S · Substantial damage
  > The accumulation of carburetor ice resulting from the failure of the student pilot to apply carburetor heat during the power off gliding descent.
- [NTSB CHI90DEP08](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90DEP08.md): Christen Industries Eagle II · Milwaukee, WI · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Aug 7, 1990 · N44ED · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain aircraft control, his misjudgment of proper glidepath and his not performing a timely go-around.
- [NTSB SEA90LA155](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA90LA155.md): Taylorcraft BC-65 · Chehalis, WA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 6, 1990 · N27454 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions. The gusty crosswind ws a related factor.
- [NTSB CHI90DEV07](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90DEV07.md): Pitts S2B · Springfield, IL · Accident · 2 fatal · Final report · Aug 5, 1990 · N260RM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain flying speed and allowed the aircraft to stall during the break turn to downwind.
- [NTSB LAX90LA275](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA275.md): Robinson R22B · Scottsdale, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 4, 1990 · N8044Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper aircraft handling at a low altitude which resulted in a rate of descent that could not be arrested prior to colliding with the ground.
- [NTSB CHI90FA208](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90FA208.md): Lockheed 12A · Oshkosh, WI · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jul 31, 1990 · N12AT · Destroyed
  > The inadequate emergency procedure(s) by the pilot in command following a loss of engine power for undetermined reasons(s).
- [NTSB CHI90DER04](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90DER04.md): BD 4- Francisco BD-4 · Rosemount, MN · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Jul 31, 1990 · N853BF · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the manufacturer (amateur built) to design fuel system adequately to prevent vapor lock in fuel line.
- [NTSB LAX90DXQ02](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90DXQ02.md): Leffler/Mcfarlane LM-1 · Sierraville, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Jul 30, 1990 · N9646Z · Destroyed
  > Pilot's failure to see and avoid a tree during his landing approach.
- [NTSB SEA90LA150](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA90LA150.md): Glasflugel H 301 Libelle · Thompson Falls, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1990 · N4166A · Substantial damage
  > A disabled aircraft blocking the active runway.
- [NTSB NYC90IA178](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90IA178.md): De Havilland DHC-7-102 · New York, NY · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1990 · N175RA · Minor damage
  > The flight crew's failure to folllow the landing gear emergency checklist. Factors which contributed to the incident were: a jammed nose landing gear due to the installation of a bogus part by unknown person(s) and a dirty gear viewing window.
- [NTSB NYC90FA176](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90FA176.md): Piper PA-23-250 · North Andover, MA · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1990 · N333EP · Destroyed
  > The controller issued an unauthorized alternate missed approach procedure that did not provide adequate terrain clearance, and the pilot delayed obtaining a proper rate of climb during the missed approach. Factors related to the accident were: darkness and…
- [NTSB NYC90LA174](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA174.md): Cessna 180 · Hilltown, PA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 26, 1990 · N1ZT · Substantial damage
  > The pilot receiving training misjudged the airplane's distance from the runway and altitude above the trees. In addition, the CFI failed to provide adequate supervision.
- [NTSB CHI90LA199](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA199.md): Fouga FOUGA-MAGISTER · Oshkosh, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 26, 1990 · N302FM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain proper airspeed in turn from base to final.
- [NTSB DEN90DTE04](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN90DTE04.md): Olsen Pursuit · Fowler, CO · Accident · 2 fatal · Final report · Jul 23, 1990 · N23GG · Destroyed
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain adequate airspeed on final approach to land, which resulted in an inadvertent stall. A factor relate to the accident was: the pilot's physical impairment from carbon monoxide.
- [NTSB CHI90LA207](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA207.md): Aircoupe F-1 · Washington, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1990 · N93905 · 2 aircraft · Minor damage
  > Failure of the other aircraft's pilot to maintain an adequate visual lookout prior to turning to final. A factor in the accident was the restricted visual lookout for this aircraft's pilot.
- [NTSB NYC90LA168](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA168.md): Schweizer SGS-2-33A · Gt. Barrington, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 21, 1990 · N2724H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate clearance from tree during the precautionary landing. Factor was a loss of thermal lift.
- [NTSB LAX90LA262](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA262.md): Piper PA-23 · Long Beach, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 20, 1990 · N4950P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper planning/decision, which resulted in fuel exhaustion.
- [NTSB CHI90LA184](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA184.md): Cessna 172 · Graceton, MN · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 19, 1990 · N7895G · Substantial damage
  > Vso airspeed not maintained and stall encountered by the pilot in command/cfi.
- [NTSB CHI90LA182](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA182.md): Cessna 152 · Lansing, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 19, 1990 · N5538P · Destroyed
  > The instructor's inability to control the airplane during its landing roll.
- [NTSB MIA90LA154](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA90LA154.md): Cessna 152 · Lakeland, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 17, 1990 · N67516 · Substantial damage
  > The improper use of the carburetor heat control resulting in the loss of engine power due to carburetor ice.
- [NTSB SEA90LA138](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA90LA138.md): Taylorcraft F-19 · Darrington, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 15, 1990 · CGIEK · Substantial damage
  > The inflight encounter with turbulent downdraft winds that resulted in a vertical descent from which the pilot could not recover with full power applied.
- [NTSB NYC90LA161](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA161.md): Aeronca 7BCM · Doylestown, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 15, 1990 · N2089A · Substantial damage
  > A loss of engine power due to an inoperable carburetor heat control. Lack of suitable terrain for the forced landing was a factor.
- [NTSB ATL90FA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL90FA145.md): Cessna 340 · Atlanta, GA · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jul 15, 1990 · N9865F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's inadequate fuel management, in that he did not select main fuel tanks prior to this approach. This resulted in fuel starvation to the engines, and the subsequent loss of all engine power.
- [NTSB SEA90LA136](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA90LA136.md): North American P-51 · Seattle, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 14, 1990 · NX51VC · Substantial damage
  > An encounter with vortex turbulence while on final approach to landing.
- [NTSB ANC90FA117](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC90FA117.md): Bell 206L-1 · Farewell, AK · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jul 14, 1990 · N300AH · Substantial damage
  > An internal engine failure due to a thermal fatigue failure of the 1st stage turbine wheel as a result of overtemperature. The high rough/uneven terrain prevented a successful autorotation.
- [NTSB SEA90LA130](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA90LA130.md): Larsen Charles Bennett Phoenix Vendetta LS · Boulder City, NV · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 12, 1990 · N44PV · Destroyed
  > Pilot did not maintain an adequate airspeed while in the pattern for landing which resulted in the airplane entering spin.
- [NTSB MIA90LA151](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA90LA151.md): Cessna 210 · Naples, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 12, 1990 · N7406E · Substantial damage
  > Improper maintenance of the fuel system resulting in the loss of power due to internal contamination of the engine driven fuel pump.
- [NTSB ATL90LA142](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL90LA142.md): Cessna T210L · Memphis, TN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 12, 1990 · N2074S · Substantial damage
  > Fuel mismanagement by the pilot which resulted in fuel starvation during final approach.
- [NTSB SEA90LA131](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA90LA131.md): Cessna TU206G · Roche Harbor, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 11, 1990 · N4953Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control after encountering unstable atmospheric conditions during final approach to landing.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500/cases.md?page=157

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 500)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500/cases?page=156

---
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