# NTSB investigations: Approach

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 158 of 420 · 20,992 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB NYC90LA115](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA115.md): Schweizer 1-26E · Wallkill, NY · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 28, 1990 · N126DB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failue to maintain flying speed which resulted in a stall. A factor was the pilot's diversion of attention.
- [NTSB MIA90FA135](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA90FA135.md): Cessna T303 · Deland, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Field investigation · Final report · May 28, 1990 · N4973V · Destroyed
  > The chafed and shorted electrical wiring between bus bars, which caused a partial electrical failure, resulted in a false fire warning indication, and prevented the restart of the right engine.
- [NTSB CHI90LA136](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA136.md): Cessna 182F · Clare, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 26, 1990 · N3632U · Substantial damage
  > Improper maintenance by maintenance personnel resulting in a sticking carburetor float. Inadequate planning by the pilot in command during the approach is a factor in the accident.
- [NTSB NYC90FA110](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90FA110.md): Britten-Norman BN2A-2F · Blue Bell, PA · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · May 25, 1990 · N416WA · Substantial damage
  > The close proximity of the road to the threshold of the runway. Factors contributing to the accident were the obstruction to the driver's vision caused by trees and buildings.
- [NTSB MKC90LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC90LA106.md): Cessna 152 · Ashland, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 25, 1990 · N714XG · Substantial damage
  > A power plant failure for undetermined causes.
- [NTSB NYC90DFG03](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90DFG03.md): Continental Copters MK15A · King Ferry, NY · Accident · No injuries · Final report · May 23, 1990 · N9034T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate clearance from power lines during this approach to landing.
- [NTSB MKC90LA112](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC90LA112.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Little Rock, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 23, 1990 · N301KK · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the powerplant due to a sheared timing gear. Contributing factors were unsuitable terrain and restricted vision due to fog.
- [NTSB MIA90LA130](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA90LA130.md): Bellanca 7GCAA · Leland, MS · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 23, 1990 · N8739 · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to see-and-avoid the power lines.
- [NTSB SEA90LA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA90LA084.md): Hughes 269A · Bremerton, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 22, 1990 · N8888F · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the tail rotor control for an undetermined reason.
- [NTSB CHI90FA131](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90FA131.md): Rockwell 114 · Willoughby Hill, OH · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 21, 1990 · N4859W · Destroyed
  > Failure of the pilot to follow the IFR procedure and to identify the decision height (and/or make a timely missed approach). The adverse weather was a related factor.
- [NTSB MKC90LA113](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC90LA113.md): Piper PA-18A · Creve Coeur, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 20, 1990 · N9071D · Substantial damage
  > Fuel contamination and inadequate preflight.
- [NTSB DEN90LA111](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN90LA111.md): Erco 415G · Peyton, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 20, 1990 · N87212 · Substantial damage
  > Pilot's failure to maintain obstacle clearance during a landing.
- [NTSB CHI90FA130](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90FA130.md): Piper PA-28-181 · East Lansing, MI · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 20, 1990 · N24PT · Destroyed
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain aircraft control while flying in clouds during an instrument approach. Factors were: instrument meteorological conditions, self-induced pressure, operation with known deficiencies in equipment, and anxiety/apprehension.
- [NTSB NYC90LA120](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA120.md): Navion H · Readington, NJ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 19, 1990 · N2502T · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain minimum flying airspeed which led to an inadvertent stall/mush. Factors related to the accident were the pilot's decision to land with a tailwind, and his failure to monitor his airspeed on final.
- [NTSB DEN90DTG01](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN90DTG01.md): Adams Boredom Fighter · Finley, ND · Accident · No injuries · Final report · May 19, 1990 · N317MA · Substantial damage
  > A power loss due to fuel exahustion and the pilot's inadequate fuel planning. A factor was the ditch in which touchdown occurred.
- [NTSB LAX90LA222](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA222.md): Cessna 182A · Fresno, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 18, 1990 · N3709D · Substantial damage
  > Fuel exhaustion due to the pilot's inadequate pre-flight planning.
- [NTSB LAX90LA182](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA182.md): Cessna 150H · Goleta, CA · Accident · 2 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · May 18, 1990 · N7156S · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane. Factors which contributed to the accident were the dark night and the pilot's lack of night flying experience.
- [NTSB LAX90FA179](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90FA179.md): Cessna 152 · San Diego, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 18, 1990 · N783G · Destroyed
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain adequate airspeed on final approach resulting in an aerodynamic stall. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's delayed use of flaps.
- [NTSB ATL90LA113](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL90LA113.md): Cessna 305A · Woodstock, GA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 18, 1990 · N201FM · Substantial damage
  > An inadequate preflight.
- [NTSB MKC90LA108](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC90LA108.md): Piper PA-31-350 · Dubuque, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 16, 1990 · N111AY · Substantial damage
  > Weather evaluation misjudged resulting in uncontrolled descent by the pilot in command and aircraft control not maintained by the pilot in command.
- [NTSB NYC90FA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90FA106.md): Cessna 150H · Shirleysburg, PA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 13, 1990 · N7142S · Destroyed
  > Pilot incapacitation due to a heart attack.
- [NTSB NYC90DHJ01](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90DHJ01.md): Toussaint/Quad City Challenger II · East Moriches, NY · Accident · 1 fatal · Final report · May 12, 1990 · UNREG · Destroyed
  > Failure of the unlicensed pilot to maintain airspeed on final approach, which resulted in a stall and collision with the ground. Factors related to the accident were: the pilot's lack of flight training, experience, and qualification.
- [NTSB LAX90LA172](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA172.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Mesa, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 12, 1990 · N6431W · Destroyed
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain safe airspeed and inadvertent stall. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's misjudging fuel supply.
- [NTSB DEN90LA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN90LA107.md): Beech B-55 · Watkins, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 8, 1990 · N113EW · Substantial damage
  > Executing of a simulated single engine approach in wind conditions that exceeded the demonstrated crosswind capability of the airplane with both engines operating.
- [NTSB FTW90LA108](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW90LA108.md): Cessna 152 II · Katy, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 7, 1990 · N94098 · Substantial damage
  > The cfi's inadequate supervision of the student and the airplane.
- [NTSB DEN90LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN90LA106.md): Cessna 337 · Broomfield, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 6, 1990 · N2208X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to properly execute a precautionary approach following an engine failure.
- [NTSB CHI90FA123](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90FA123.md): Cessna 172N · New Richmond, WI · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 6, 1990 · N76089 · Destroyed
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain sufficient airspeed to avoid a stall/spin. A factor related related to the accident was: the pilot's lack of familiarity with the make and model of aircraft.
- [NTSB DEN90DQA01](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN90DQA01.md): Michael C. Quigley Velocity · Santa Teresa, NM · Accident · 1 fatal · Final report · May 5, 1990 · N469Q · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot in command to maintain airspeed on final approach resulting in an inadvertent stall and uncontrolled descent into the ground.
- [NTSB CHI90DCA01](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90DCA01.md): Zengel RV-4 · Columbia, IL · Accident · Serious injuries · Final report · May 5, 1990 · N371FZ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain a proper glidepath to touchdown on the runway.
- [NTSB ATL90FA108](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL90FA108.md): Government Aircraft Fact N24A · Wilmington, NC · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 4, 1990 · N418NE · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain sufficient altitude during a circling maneuver for landing. Factors related to the accident were: weather conditions below minimums for a circling approach, and failure of the pilot to follow IFR procedures.
- [NTSB LAX90LA160](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA160.md): Piper PA30 · Sedona, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 1, 1990 · N7946Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's mismanagement of the fuel system.
- [NTSB SEA90LA070](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA90LA070.md): Grumman AA-5 · Port Orchard, WA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 30, 1990 · N7127L · Substantial damage
  > Improper maintenance, and the installation of an improper carburetor. A factor related to the accident was the presence of trees and stumps in the emergency landing area.
- [NTSB ATL90FA105](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL90FA105.md): Cessna 172M · Jonesboro, GA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 29, 1990 · N20302 · Substantial damage
  > Pilot-in-command's inadequate preflight and inflight planning, and his delayed climb after execution of a go-around. Contributing factors were his misreading of airfield wind information, his improper utilization of the flaps during climbout, his failure to…
- [NTSB MKC90LA097](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC90LA097.md): Mooney M20C · Little Rock, AR · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 28, 1990 · N6824N · Substantial damage
  > Pilot in command's failure to refuel the airplane, which resulted in fuel exhaustion. Related to the accident was: unsuitable terrain in the emergency landing area.
- [NTSB FTW90LA102](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW90LA102.md): Piper PA-32-260 · Tulsa, OK · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 27, 1990 · N7732J · Destroyed
  > An engine failure due to a disconnect in the magneto drive train caused by the crankshaft gear not being properly installed and secured during a recent engine overhaul.
- [NTSB DEN90FA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN90FA100.md): Piper PA31-325 · Cedar City, UT · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 26, 1990 · N18PP · Destroyed
  > The pilot failed to maintain a minimum safe altitude over mountainous terrain during a night VFR approach for landing.
- [NTSB LAX90LA152](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA152.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Chandler, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 24, 1990 · N2110D · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot inadvertently stalling the aircraft and an inadequate altitude to perform a stall recovery. Factors in this accident were: lack of total experience and student's anxiety.
- [NTSB BFO90LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO90LA038.md): Cessna 150G · Clinton, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 23, 1990 · N8689J · Substantial damage
  > Pilot factor in that he improperly used the engine controls.
- [NTSB FTW90LA099](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW90LA099.md): Enstrom F-28A · Danbury, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 22, 1990 · N287Q · Substantial damage
  > Pilot in command's failure to see and avoid wires during the final stage of an approach to a confined area. A contributing factor to the accident was the pilot's disregard of the operator's instructions after he landed the first time.
- [NTSB CHI90LA126](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA126.md): Piper PA28-140 · Bad Axe, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 22, 1990 · N6369W · Substantial damage
  > Total failure of the powerplant during the final approach for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB MKC90LA092](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC90LA092.md): Piper PA-22-150 · Eldora, IA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 21, 1990 · N1680P · Substantial damage
  > Improper planning/decision by the pilot, and his failure to maintain clearance from obstructions during the approach to land. Factors related to the accident were: the aircraft's low fuel level, darkness, the pilot's selection of the wrong airport/runway, the…
- [NTSB DEN90LA097](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN90LA097.md): Avions Mudry CAP10B · Grand Forks, ND · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 21, 1990 · N64UV · Substantial damage
  > An over temperature of the inlet fuel line resulting in fuel starvation (vapor lock) in the fuel injection system. A factor in the accident was the lack of a suitable landing area.
- [NTSB CHI90LA115](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA115.md): Beech F33A · Milwaukee, WI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 20, 1990 · N179DD · Substantial damage
  > The utilization of improper procedures on the part of the pilot in command by attempting to execute a coupled approach outside the parameters of the autopilot.
- [NTSB MKC90LA087](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC90LA087.md): Cessna 150 · Salina, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1990 · N714EB · Substantial damage
  > Fuel exhaustion, fuel calculations misjudged and refueling not performed by the pilot in command.
- [NTSB CHI90LA114](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA114.md): Rockwell AC-690 · Sheboygan, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1990 · N57175 · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to complete the landing checklist and lower the landing gear. Contributing to this accident is habit pattern interference and distraction.
- [NTSB LAX90FA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90FA145.md): Cessna T207 · Grand Canyon, AZ · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 13, 1990 · N91081 · Destroyed
  > Improper adjustment of the turbo-charger absolute pressure controller, and improper manipulation of the power plant controls by the pilot during the go-around. Factors related to the accident were: failure of company management to properly train the pilot in…
- [NTSB ATL90LA096](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL90LA096.md): Cessna 172A · Villa Rica, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 13, 1990 · N7677T · Substantial damage
  > Fuel starvation to the engine, initiated by the combination of a blocked fuel tank vent line and a malfunctioning fuel filler cap. A factor in the accident was the pilot's inadequate preflight inspection, in that he did not detect the fuel vent line blockage.
- [NTSB MIA90LA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA90LA104.md): Piper PA-44-180 · Stuart, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 12, 1990 · N109SA · Substantial damage
  > The instructor pilot's failure to correct the loss of airspeed resulting from the student's incorrect control input while on approach to land.
- [NTSB ATL90DKJ03](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL90DKJ03.md): Jolly Bakeng Duce · Brownsboro, AL · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Apr 12, 1990 · N72WJ · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain the reference speed on approach and establish a proper glidepath.
- [NTSB SEA90FA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA90FA064.md): Cessna 182M · North Bend, OR · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 11, 1990 · N71779 · Destroyed
  > The pilot did not follow the published IFR procedure.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500/cases.md?page=159

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 500)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500/cases?page=158

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