# NTSB investigations: Approach

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 21 of 420 · 20,996 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB WPR21LA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA104.md): Cessna 150 · Riverside, CA · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Feb 4, 2021 · N8107S · Substantial damage
  > Fuel starvation due to the pilot’s inadequate weather and fuel planning, which resulted in a total loss of engine power.
- [NTSB GAA21WA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA21WA028.md): Textron 172S · Kitakyushu, Japan · Incident · No injuries · Class 5 · Foreign · Feb 3, 2021 · JA393A
- [NTSB ERA21LA122](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA122.md): Piper PA46 · Leicester, MA · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Feb 2, 2021 · N221ST · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain the minimum airspeed for flight in icing conditions, which resulted in a loss of elevator control during approach due to ice accumulation.
- [NTSB DCA21WA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA21WA078.md): Boeing 737 · Sydney, Australia · Incident · No injuries · Class 5 · Foreign · Jan 27, 2021 · Vh-XMO · No damage
- [NTSB ERA21LA109](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA109.md): Plante Challenger II · Minneola, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Jan 21, 2021 · N4469Z · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the engine/propeller drive belt.
- [NTSB DCA21WA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA21WA076.md): Boeing 737 · Sao Paulo, Brazil · Incident · Class 5 · Foreign · Jan 19, 2021 · PR-GUC · 2 aircraft · No damage
- [NTSB ERA21LA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA107.md): Extra Flugzeugbau EA 300/L · Pell City, AL · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Jan 13, 2021 · N771JP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's mismanagement of the fuel supply, which resulted in fuel starvation. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s failure to follow the manufacturer’s engine restart procedures after a total loss of engine power and his incomplete preflight…
- [NTSB ERA21LA101](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA101.md): Beech F33 · Columbia, SC · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Jan 13, 2021 · N266DC · Destroyed
  > The pilot's in-flight loss of airplane control due to spatial disorientation during a missed approach in instrument meteorological conditions.
- [NTSB CEN21LA112](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA112.md): Piper PA-32R-301 · Sparta, MI · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Jan 12, 2021 · N35718 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain the proper glideslope during final approach, which resulted in contact with a snowbank at the approach end of the runway.
- [NTSB ERA21LA102](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA102.md): Kolb Firestar · Vineland, NJ · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Jan 11, 2021 · UNREG · Substantial damage
  > A steep descent and impact with terrain during final approach for reasons that could not be determined.
- [NTSB DCA21WA081](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA21WA081.md): Boeing 737 · Mexico City, Mexico · Incident · No injuries · Class 5 · Foreign · Jan 6, 2021 · HP-1526CMP · No damage
- [NTSB CEN21LA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA104.md): Piper PA-24-250 · New Hudson, MI · Accident · 3 fatal · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Jan 2, 2021 · N8347P · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain proper airspeed and his exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s lack of an instrument rating and the low visibility at the time…
- [NTSB WPR21LA075](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA075.md): Beech 35 · Santa Ynez, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Dec 28, 2020 · N5474D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s mismanagement of fuel, which resulted in fuel starvation and a total loss of engine power.
- [NTSB ERA21LA091](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA091.md): Cessna 172 · Pleasant Valley, NY · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Dec 27, 2020 · N8311X · Substantial damage
  > A total loss of engine power due to failure of the magnetos, which were not overhauled in accordance with the manufacturer’s time specifications.
- [NTSB ERA21LA089](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA089.md): Glasflugel Club Libelle 205 · Bunn, NC · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Dec 27, 2020 · N205HL · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate clearance from trees during an off-airport landing.
- [NTSB CEN21LA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA100.md): Walton Daniel J Sonex · Pecatonica, IL · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Dec 24, 2020 · N610DJ · Substantial damage
  > A total loss of engine power for reasons that could not be determined based on the available information, and the pilot’s exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack following the loss of engine power, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall/spin and…
- [NTSB DCA21LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA21LA058.md): Airbus Industrie A320-232 · Houston, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Dec 23, 2020 · N463UA · No damage
  > an encounter with forecasted convective turbulence during approach.
- [NTSB WPR21LA072](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA072.md): Navion Navion A · Livermore, CA · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Dec 21, 2020 · N4106K · Substantial damage
  > The improper installation of the gascolator fuel inlet line and hose clamp connection, which resulted in the total loss of engine power.
- [NTSB ERA21LA083](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA083.md): Raytheon Hawker · Farmingdale, NY · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Dec 21, 2020 · N412JA · Substantial damage
  > The flight crew’s delayed decision to initiate a go-around after the approach had become unstabilized, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA21LA081](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA081.md): Piper PA28 · Tampa, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Dec 18, 2020 · N6978W · Destroyed
  > A total loss of engine power due to the student pilot inadvertently moving the fuel selector to the OFF position.
- [NTSB ERA21LA070](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA070.md): Piper PA24 · Nashville, TN · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Dec 12, 2020 · N7639P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to use carburetor heat during the approach, which resulted in a loss of engine power due to carburetor icing.
- [NTSB ERA21WA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21WA086.md): Bell 206 · Mambucaba, Brazil · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 5 · Foreign · Dec 11, 2020 · PP-MSA · Substantial damage
- [NTSB CEN21LA085](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA085.md): Luscombe 8 · Manvel, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Dec 10, 2020 · N2238K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain clearance from power lines during his attempted landing and his loss of situational awareness that led to him to misidentify a pipeline field for the landing airpark.
- [NTSB WPR21LA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA067.md): Cessna 172 · Dillon, MT · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Dec 8, 2020 · N46017 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle attack during an attempted go-around, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall.
- [NTSB WPR21LA080](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA080.md): Cessna 172 · Palm Springs, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Dec 4, 2020 · N737NB · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s failure to maintain aircraft control during an attempted go-around, which resulted in an exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack, aerodynamic stall, and subsequent impact with terrain.
- [NTSB ERA21LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA059.md): Piper PA38 · Pembroke Pines, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Dec 2, 2020 · N2420F · Substantial damage
  > A total loss of engine power due to fuel contamination.
- [NTSB CEN21LA068](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA068.md): Piper PA28 · French Lick, IN · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Nov 28, 2020 · N5242W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper in-flight decision making which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation.
- [NTSB CEN21LA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA067.md): Vans RV4 · Telluride, CO · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Nov 26, 2020 · N87LW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate airspeed during the turn from the base leg to final approach, which resulted in the airplane exceeding its critical angle of attack and entering an inadvertent aerodynamic stall/spin at a low altitude over mountainous…
- [NTSB ERA21LA055](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA055.md): Cessna 172 · Manville, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Nov 24, 2020 · N23NJ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain a proper glidepath while on approach to the runway, and the flight instructor’s delayed remedial action, which resulted in the airplane colliding with a tree on final approach.
- [NTSB ERA21LA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA054.md): Piper PA32 · Greenville, SC · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Nov 24, 2020 · N5566J · Substantial damage
  > A partial loss of engine power due to the pilot’s delayed application of carburetor heat, which resulted in carburetor icing.
- [NTSB ERA21LA050](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA050.md): Cessna 172 · Cynthiana, KY · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Nov 19, 2020 · N6203F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain proper glide path during a visual approach that was conducted at night, resulting in a collision with trees and terrain.
- [NTSB ERA21LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA042.md): Republic RC3 · Advance, NC · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Nov 16, 2020 · N451E · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s inadequate preflight fuel planning, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion.
- [NTSB WPR21LA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA054.md): General Atomics MQ-9 · Sierra Vista, AZ · Accident · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Nov 13, 2020 · CBP233 · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s incorrect automated landing profile selection, which resulted in an impact with a runway trench. Contributing to the accident was the pilot receiving instruction's and instructor's failure to spot the incorrect landing profile selection during…
- [NTSB WPR21FA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21FA048.md): Cessna 182 · Los Angeles, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Nov 12, 2020 · N939CP · Destroyed
  > Maintenance personnel’s failure to properly secure the throttle control hardware during recent maintenance, which resulted in its disconnection and a subsequent loss of engine power on approach for landing.
- [NTSB CEN21LA060](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA060.md): Piper PA22 · Salem, IN · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Nov 12, 2020 · N3535A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to avoid an obstacle during his approach to land.
- [NTSB WPR21FA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21FA045.md): Cessna 177 · Langley, WA · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Nov 11, 2020 · N34633 · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor’s failure to maintain airspeed, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall and subsequent loss of control while attempting to conduct an emergency landing. Contributing to the accident was a total loss of engine power as a result of…
- [NTSB ERA21LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA041.md): Mooney M20C · Laconia, NH · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Nov 9, 2020 · N3296F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate clearance from trees during an approach in sun glare and hazy conditions.
- [NTSB ERA21LA040](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA040.md): Bell 206 · Raleigh, NC · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Nov 8, 2020 · N123NC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's loss of helicopter control after entry into vortex ring state, which resulted in main rotor blade contact with the tailboom, and impact with the ground.
- [NTSB CEN21LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA048.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Greenville, MI · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Nov 7, 2020 · N9993W · Substantial damage
  > The loss of engine power due to fuel starvation during a low approach over the airport, which resulted in a forced landing and impact with terrain.
- [NTSB WPR21WA050](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21WA050.md): Cirrus SR22 · Nelspruit, South Africa · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 5 · Foreign · Nov 6, 2020 · ZS-CNM · Substantial damage
- [NTSB CEN21LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA045.md): Just SuperSTOL · Edgard, LA · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Nov 5, 2020 · N339PW · Substantial damage
  > The loss of engine power for reasons that could not be determined with the available information.
- [NTSB ERA21LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA035.md): Grumman GA7 · Ellicott, NY · Accident · 3 fatal · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Nov 1, 2020 · N791GA · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s continued descent below the minimum descent altitude while conducting an instrument approach in instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in controlled flight into terrain.
- [NTSB WPR21LA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA032.md): Cessna 172 · Billings, MT · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Oct 31, 2020 · N124TW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain the proper descent glide path while on final approach for reasons that could not be determined from available evidence.
- [NTSB CEN21WA093](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21WA093.md): Cessna 401B · Toussus-le-Noble, France · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Foreign · Oct 30, 2020 · N517HC · Substantial damage
- [NTSB WPR21LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA027.md): American Eurocopter AS350B3 · Silver City, NM · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 27, 2020 · N530H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain sufficient altitude above terrain while operating in reduced visibility due to snow showers.
- [NTSB CEN21LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA030.md): Cessna 210 · Lubbock, TX · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Oct 26, 2020 · N9622T · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s improper decision to fly into icing conditions with an airplane that was not equipped for icing, which led to structural icing and a subsequent loss of airplane control, and the pilot’s impairment from carbon monoxide poisoning due to a cracked…
- [NTSB WPR21LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA023.md): Cessna 172 · Carefree, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 24, 2020 · N7029T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack while landing, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall.
- [NTSB WPR21LA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA017.md): Piper PA28 · Puyallup, WA · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Oct 18, 2020 · N4673R · Substantial damage
  > A partial loss of engine power as a result of carburetor icing and the flight instructors failure to use carburetor heat.
- [NTSB WPR21LA016](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA016.md): Aviat A1 · Moses Lake, WA · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 18, 2020 · N9600J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain clearance from telephone wires while on final approach for landing which resulted in a collision.
- [NTSB ERA21LA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA025.md): Aero Bristell Bristell LSA · Carlisle, PA · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 18, 2020 · N438BL · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate clearance from trees during an attempted go-around in gusty crosswinds.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500/cases.md?page=22

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 500)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500/cases?page=21

---
OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain, except the copies of manufacturers’ service documents, which belong to their rights holders.