# NTSB investigations: Approach

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 261 of 420 · 20,992 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB MIA78DLD42](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA78DLD42.md): Cessna 172 · Avon Park, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Closed · May 6, 1978 · N8411L · Destroyed
- [NTSB UNK78X0118](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/UNK78X0118.md): Douglas DC-6A · Zandery, NS · Accident · Minor injuries · Closed · May 5, 1978 · N3493F · Destroyed
- [NTSB LAX78FUA15](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX78FUA15.md): Piper PA-34 · Fullerton, CA · Accident · No injuries · Closed · May 5, 1978 · N2710M · Substantial damage
- [NTSB DEN78FA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN78FA043.md): Bellanca BL-J4 · Carrizozo, NM · Accident · 2 fatal · Closed · May 5, 1978 · N8774R · Destroyed
- [NTSB ANC78DAG43](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC78DAG43.md): Piper PA-28R · Anchorage, AK · Accident · Serious injuries · Closed · May 4, 1978 · N7677J · Substantial damage
- [NTSB MKC78FCA25](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC78FCA25.md): Cessna R172 · Sikeston, MO · Accident · No injuries · Closed · May 3, 1978 · N1147V · Substantial damage
- [NTSB DEN78FTE50](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN78FTE50.md): Luscombe 8F · Monte Vista, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Closed · May 3, 1978 · N3545G · Destroyed
- [NTSB FTW78FRA19](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW78FRA19.md): Grumman G-164A · Baytown, TX · Accident · No injuries · Closed · May 1, 1978 · N636U · Substantial damage
- [NTSB SEA78FYE21](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA78FYE21.md): Cessna 172 · Port Townsend, WA · Accident · Minor injuries · Closed · Apr 30, 1978 · N7222G · Substantial damage
- [NTSB OAK78FVM20](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/OAK78FVM20.md): Cessna 210 · San Jose, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Closed · Apr 30, 1978 · N2230S · Destroyed
- [NTSB CHI78FEK14](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI78FEK14.md): Taylorcraft F19 · Ohio City, OH · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 30, 1978 · N3591T · Substantial damage
- [NTSB NYC78FNE20](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC78FNE20.md): Bellanca 8KCAB · Simsbury, CT · Accident · Minor injuries · Closed · Apr 29, 1978 · N9178L · Substantial damage
- [NTSB NYC78FHA21](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC78FHA21.md): Bensen B8M · Pittstown, NJ · Accident · 1 fatal · Closed · Apr 29, 1978 · N5575 · Destroyed
- [NTSB NYC78FFJ19](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC78FFJ19.md): Cessna 150 · Spencerport, NY · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 29, 1978 · N8440U · Substantial damage
- [NTSB MKC78FA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC78FA035.md): Vultee BT-13 · Augusta, KS · Accident · 2 fatal · Closed · Apr 29, 1978 · N64470 · 2 aircraft · Destroyed
- [NTSB LAX78FUQ23](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX78FUQ23.md): Makurat 5-BX · Lompoc, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Closed · Apr 29, 1978 · N56RM · Destroyed
- [NTSB SEA78FYE20](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA78FYE20.md): Bensen G-1D · Tacoma, WA · Accident · 1 fatal · Closed · Apr 28, 1978 · N777GD · Destroyed
- [NTSB MIA78FKA06](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA78FKA06.md): Piper PA-31 · Culebra Is, PR · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 27, 1978 · N6772L · Substantial damage
- [NTSB NYC78FFJ17](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC78FFJ17.md): Schleicher ASK-14 · West Valley, NY · Accident · Serious injuries · Closed · Apr 25, 1978 · N9417 · Substantial damage
- [NTSB LAX78FUM21](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX78FUM21.md): Cessna A185F · Ramona, CA · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 25, 1978 · N1084F · Substantial damage
- [NTSB CHI78FEE30](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI78FEE30.md): N American NA265 · West Chicago, IL · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 24, 1978 · N600BP · Substantial damage
- [NTSB SEA78DYE18](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA78DYE18.md): Stinson 108-1 · Bremerton, WA · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 23, 1978 · N8136K · Substantial damage
- [NTSB MIA78DLG20](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA78DLG20.md): Molino PIK20B · York, SC · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 23, 1978 · N21AW · Substantial damage
- [NTSB LAX78FUG23](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX78FUG23.md): N American SNJ-4 · Rialto, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Closed · Apr 23, 1978 · N7077C · Substantial damage
- [NTSB FTW78FPG26](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW78FPG26.md): Bensen B8-MG · Carlisle, AR · Accident · 1 fatal · Closed · Apr 23, 1978 · N26083 · Destroyed
- [NTSB ANC78FAA12](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC78FAA12.md): Pratt Read PR-G1 · North Pole, AK · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 23, 1978 · N60353 · Substantial damage
- [NTSB NYC78FNE21](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC78FNE21.md): Piper PA-28 · Orange, MA · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 22, 1978 · N98289 · Substantial damage
- [NTSB CHI78FA033](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI78FA033.md): Schleicher ASK-13 · Adrian, MI · Accident · 1 fatal · Closed · Apr 22, 1978 · N3AS · 2 aircraft · Destroyed
- [NTSB MIA78DLA29](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA78DLA29.md): Cessna C-150F · Tallahassee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 20, 1978 · N6979F · Substantial damage
- [NTSB NYC78FGM25](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC78FGM25.md): Entwicklung B-1 · Butler, PA · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 16, 1978 · N421F · 2 aircraft · Substantial damage
- [NTSB CHI78FEM15](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI78FEM15.md): Piper PA-28 · Battle Creek, MI · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 16, 1978 · N4356T · Substantial damage
- [NTSB CHI78FEI17](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI78FEI17.md): Cessna 337 · Wadsworth, OH · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 15, 1978 · N53633 · Substantial damage
- [NTSB MIA78FKQ07](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA78FKQ07.md): Cessna 150L · Hallandale, MS · Accident · Serious injuries · Closed · Apr 14, 1978 · N1531Q · Destroyed
- [NTSB SEA78FYP16](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA78FYP16.md): Cessna 150 · Mccall, ID · Accident · Serious injuries · Closed · Apr 8, 1978 · N6203T · Substantial damage
- [NTSB NYC78FNA15](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC78FNA15.md): Schweizer SGS233 · Norfolk, MA · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 8, 1978 · N2480W · Substantial damage
- [NTSB MKC78FCG25](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC78FCG25.md): Cessna 182A · Lexington, MO · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 8, 1978 · N6175B · Substantial damage
- [NTSB MIA78FA063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA78FA063.md): Piper PA-28 · St.Petersburg, FL · Accident · 1 fatal · Closed · Apr 8, 1978 · N4731F · Destroyed
- [NTSB SEA78FA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA78FA024.md): Lear Jet 24D · Soda Springs, ID · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 7, 1978 · N78AE · Substantial damage
- [NTSB NYC78FA040](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC78FA040.md): Piper PA-30 · Montpelier, VT · Accident · 2 fatal · Closed · Apr 7, 1978 · N8559Y · Destroyed
- [NTSB MIA78FA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA78FA062.md): Cessna 172 · Miles City, FL · Accident · 2 fatal · Closed · Apr 7, 1978 · N6886A · Destroyed
- [NTSB MIA78FKG35](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA78FKG35.md): Cessna 172 · Wrens, GA · Accident · Minor injuries · Closed · Apr 5, 1978 · N7862G · Substantial damage
- [NTSB FTW78FA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW78FA038.md): Bell 212 · Galveston, TX · Accident · 3 fatal · Closed · Apr 4, 1978 · N140AL · Destroyed
- [NTSB OAK78DVD25](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/OAK78DVD25.md): Blanik L13 · Fremont, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Closed · Apr 2, 1978 · N99861 · Substantial damage
- [NTSB DEN78DTE44](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN78DTE44.md): Cessna 172L · Falcon, CO · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 2, 1978 · N4376Q · Substantial damage
- [NTSB ANC78FA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC78FA027.md): Dornier DO-28D · Bethel, AK · Accident · 2 fatal · Closed · Apr 2, 1978 · N21AS · Destroyed
- [NTSB MIA78FLG16](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA78FLG16.md): Rockwell 114 · Charleston, SC · Accident · Serious injuries · Closed · Apr 1, 1978 · N4762 · Substantial damage
- [NTSB LAX78DUJ41](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX78DUJ41.md): Schweizer 1-26D · New River, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Apr 1, 1978 · N7754S · Substantial damage
- [NTSB DEN78FTC19](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN78FTC19.md): Beech D35 · Douglas, WY · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Mar 30, 1978 · N3447B · Substantial damage
- [NTSB NYC78FHD12](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC78FHD12.md): Piper PA-28 · Downingtown, PA · Accident · Serious injuries · Closed · Mar 29, 1978 · N6455 · Destroyed
- [NTSB MIA78DKG31](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA78DKG31.md): Beech A23 · Glenwood, GA · Accident · No injuries · Closed · Mar 28, 1978 · N5652S · Substantial damage

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500/cases.md?page=262

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 500)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500/cases?page=261

---
OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.