# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 221 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB ATL04LA070](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04LA070.md): Eurocopter France EC120B · Jonesboro, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 24, 2004 · N125MG · Substantial damage
  > The instructor's inadequate supervision, and the dual-student's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB LAX04LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04LA106.md): Cox Thorpe T-18 · Compton, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 23, 2004 · N64EC · Substantial damage
  > both pilots' failure to see and avoid one another that resulted in the airplane's encounter with downwash induced wake vortices from the helicopter, and the airplane pilot's subsequent loss of control.
- [NTSB LAX04CA105](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04CA105.md): Beech B36TC · San Diego, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jan 23, 2004 · N321JT · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudged speed and altitude, which led to a failure to attain the proper touchdown point and a subsequent runway overrun. Also causal was the pilot's delayed decision to perform a go-around.
- [NTSB NYC04LA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04LA061.md): Cirrus Design SR-22 · College Park, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 22, 2004 · N344CD · Substantial damage
  > The loss of hydraulic fluid due to chaffing of a brake line by a strut fairing rivet, resulting in the failure of the braking system.
- [NTSB DEN04FA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN04FA041.md): Dassault DA-20 Falcon Jet · Pueblo, CO · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jan 21, 2004 · N200JE · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper in-flight planning/decision to land on the contaminated runway, the stuck thrust reverser solenoid resulting in partial deployment of the right engine thrust reverser, and the pilot's inability to maintain directional control of the…
- [NTSB LAX04CA097](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04CA097.md): Eurocopter AS350 B3 · Mesa, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jan 20, 2004 · N970AE · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's excessive flare and mistimed collective application during a practice autorotation, which resulted in a loss of main rotor rpm and a subsequent hard landing. Also causal, was the flight instructor's delayed remedial action and inadequate…
- [NTSB SEA04IA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA04IA035.md): de Havilland DHC-8 · Seattle, WA · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Jan 19, 2004 · C-GTAQ · No damage
  > The flight crew's misidentification of the parallel taxiway as the active runway, resulting in the flight crew executing a landing on the taxiway. Factors include sun glare and shadows around the runway/taxiway environment, and visual illusions created by the…
- [NTSB DEN04LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN04LA039.md): Cessna 182Q · St. George, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 18, 2004 · N5202N · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CHI04LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA059.md): Piper PA-46-350P · Marine City, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 18, 2004 · N46WD · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during landing. Factors associated with the accident were the icy snow covered runway, the tailwind conditions, the snowbank, and the ditch which the airplane contacted.
- [NTSB CHI04IA056](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04IA056.md): Bombardier CL-600-2B19 · Rapid City, SD · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Jan 18, 2004 · N595SW · Minor damage
  > The copilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane during the landing and the captain's delay in initiating remedial action. Factors contributing to the accident were the low ceiling and low visibility due to fog, and the aircraft's deviation from…
- [NTSB CHI04LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA058.md): Cessna 310R · Port Huron, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 17, 2004 · N6102X · Substantial damage
  > The loss of directional control as a result of reduced braking performance due to a snow-covered runway. Also causal was the pilot's decision to land with a quartering tailwind. The snowbank was a contributing factor.
- [NTSB ATL04FA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04FA069.md): Cessna 182A · Traphill, NC · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jan 17, 2004 · N4744D · Destroyed
  > The loss of engine power due to carburetor ice. Contributing factors were conditions conducive for carburetor icing.
- [NTSB FTW04CA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW04CA061.md): Piper PA-32R · Poynor, TX · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jan 15, 2004 · N4136S · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control while on final approach. A factor was the downdraft.
- [NTSB SEA04LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA04LA034.md): Cessna 185F · Deer Park, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 14, 2004 · N185WB · Substantial damage
  > The dual student pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll and the failure of the flight instructor to provide remedial action. A factor was snowbank.
- [NTSB LAX04LA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04LA094.md): Cessna 305A · Casa Grande, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 14, 2004 · N305BD · Substantial damage
  > The failure of a tail wheel steering component (spring), which resulted in a loss of directional control and a ground loop during the landing roll. A contributing factor was the soft terrain adjacent to the runway.
- [NTSB DEN04LA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN04LA037.md): Aerotek Pitts Special S-1S · Crawford, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 11, 2004 · N362JW · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control and his failure to maintain clearance from the snow bank during the landing. A factor contributing to the accident was the snow bank.
- [NTSB CHI04LA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA054.md): Cessna 150E · Princeton, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 11, 2004 · N3088J · Substantial damage
  > The encounter with the unknown snow drifts during landing. The factors were the snow drifts, night, and the airport's failure to issue a NOTAM on the runway conditions.
- [NTSB LAX04CA091](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04CA091.md): Fleet 2 · Fresno, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jan 10, 2004 · N606M · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to set the throttle friction lock, which resulted in the inadvertent application of the throttle, followed by a loss of directional control.
- [NTSB DEN04LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN04LA042.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Glade Park, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 8, 2004 · N57534 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate in-flight planning/decision. Contributing factors include the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing and the snow covered terrain.
- [NTSB MIA04CA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA04CA041.md): Maule M-7-235B · Fort Lauderdale, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jan 3, 2004 · N10430 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control. A factor in this accident was the improper use of full flaps.
- [NTSB LAX04CA085](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04CA085.md): Cessna 172N · Hayfork, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jan 3, 2004 · N390BV · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate in-flight decision to attempt a landing on a snow covered runway without ascertaining the depth of the snow cover.
- [NTSB FTW04LA056](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW04LA056.md): Pitts S-1S · Burleson, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 3, 2004 · N9AQ · Substantial damage
  > The separation of the right main gear wheel, during landing, due to the improper maintenance by unknown maintenance personnel on the right main landing gear assembly.
- [NTSB SEA04CA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA04CA037.md): Bellanca 8KCAB · Bend, OR · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 30, 2003 · N727MR · Substantial damage
  > Directional control not maintained during landing. Factors include an icy runway and a snow bank.
- [NTSB CHI04LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA049.md): Bellanca 17-30A · Wellington, KS · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 29, 2003 · N14763 · Destroyed
  > The pilot not maintaining directional control during the landing roll. Factors were the dry grass and the concrete box he encountered during his excursion off the runway.
- [NTSB DEN04LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN04LA034.md): Cessna 182 · Hudson, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 28, 2003 · N5609B · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control due to an excessive crosswind component, resulting in an uncontrolled groundloop/swerve. Contributing factors were the crosswind gust and the soft, sandy terrain.
- [NTSB NYC04LA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04LA051.md): Schweizer 269C-1 · Byron, NY · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 27, 2003 · N358SS · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of the collective, and failure to maintain main rotor rpm, which resulted in low main rotor rpm and a hard landing.
- [NTSB NYC04CA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04CA053.md): Cessna 172R · Bluffton, OH · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 27, 2003 · N363SA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and inadequate recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB LAX04LA079](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04LA079.md): Bellanca 7ECA · Oxnard, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 27, 2003 · N53879 · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pin that secured the right rudder pedal to the brake cylinder arm due to improper installation of the pin. Also causal was the manufacturer's confusing maintenance instructions regarding the installation of the right rudder pedal pin and…
- [NTSB ATL04LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04LA059.md): Socata TB21 · Spruce Pine, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 27, 2003 · N1879S · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate flare, and his failure to maintain directional control. The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing, and trees are a contributing factor.
- [NTSB CHI04LA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA051.md): Cessna 177RG · Waterloo, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 26, 2003 · N7575V · Substantial damage
  > The impact with a deer during landing roll. A contributing factor was the night lighting conditions.
- [NTSB ATL04LA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04LA062.md): Cessna 172R · Atlanta, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 26, 2003 · N26486 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare resulting in a hard landing. A factor is lack of total experience.
- [NTSB ATL04IA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04IA067.md): Sabreliner NA-265-60 · Birminghham, AL · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Dec 26, 2003 · N124DC · No damage
  > The lack of lubrication of the right main wheel bearing which resulted in the overheating.
- [NTSB MIA04LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA04LA038.md): Cessna 172RG · Key West, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 25, 2003 · N4721R · Substantial damage
  > Pilot's improper emergency landing gear extension procedure which resulted in the right main landing gear not locking in the down position subsequent right main landing gear collapsing on landing.
- [NTSB CHI04LA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA047.md): Sikorsky S-58JT · Ypsilanti, MI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 22, 2003 · N598S · Destroyed
  > The pilot became disoriented and attempted to land the helicopter at the wrong ramp resulting in his failure to maintain obstacle clearance during the approach. The light poles were a factor to the accident.
- [NTSB MIA04LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA04LA036.md): Cessna 310P · Crystal River, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 21, 2003 · N5811M · Substantial damage
  > Inadequate maintenance by company maintenance personnel, which resulted in operation of the airplane with a deflated nose landing gear strut, which resulted in the nose gear failing to lock in position, gear collapse, and damage to the airplane during landing…
- [NTSB IAD04CA006](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD04CA006.md): Piper PA-30 · Louisville, KY · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 21, 2003 · N7532Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, which resulted a hard landing. A factor was the glare from the setting sun.
- [NTSB CHI04LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA048.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Mountain Grove, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 21, 2003 · N56598 · Substantial damage
  > Improper use of the brakes during landing by the pilot, resulting in failure of the left main landing gear tire and a loss of directional control. Contributing factors were the failure of the main landing gear, as well as the grass and the ditch adjacent to…
- [NTSB FTW04LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW04LA049.md): Cessna 195B · Amarillo, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 20, 2003 · N6850D · Substantial damage
  > The leakage of the left brake master cylinder cap, which resulted in the loss of hydraulic fluid and the failure of the left brake.
- [NTSB MIA04FA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA04FA035.md): Cessna U206G · Thonotosassa, FL · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Dec 18, 2003 · N603DK · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to retract the landing gear prior to landing on the water, resulting in a loss of control, and the airplane nosing over.
- [NTSB LAX04CA070](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04CA070.md): Luscombe 8E · San Jose, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 18, 2003 · N1338B · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll.
- [NTSB DCA04MA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA04MA011.md): McDonnell Douglas MD-10-10F · Memphis, TN · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 1 · Major · Final report · Dec 18, 2003 · N364FE · Destroyed
  > 1) the first officer's failure to properly apply crosswind landing techniques to align the airplane with the runway centerline and to properly arrest the airplane's descent rate (flare) before the airplane touched down; and 2) the captain's failure to…
- [NTSB SEA04LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA04LA028.md): Aviat A-1B · Hailey, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 17, 2003 · N290AM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll, which resulted in an inadvertent group loop and the collapse of the right main landing gear.
- [NTSB MIA04CA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA04CA034.md): Waco 4MF 5 · Marathon, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 17, 2003 · N64JE · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's loss of directional control during landing rollout in a crosswind resulting in the airplane ground looping and incurring damage to the left wing.
- [NTSB LAX04LA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04LA071.md): Piper PA-11 · Gilbert, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 17, 2003 · N5516H · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane during the landing touchdown in soft terrain. A contributing factor was the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing.
- [NTSB LAX04CA072](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04CA072.md): Piper PA-18 · Prescott, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Dec 16, 2003 · N4380T · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the tail wheel equipped airplane during landing, which resulted in a ground loop.
- [NTSB CHI04LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA042.md): Beech 99 · Mosinee, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 16, 2003 · N399CZ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain the proper descent rate and his inadequate flare.
- [NTSB ATL04LA068](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04LA068.md): Cessna 182L · Knoxville, TN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 16, 2003 · N3191R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and his inadequate compensation for wind conditions. Wind gust was a factor
- [NTSB ATL04IA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04IA054.md): New Piper PA-46-350P · St. Thomas · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Dec 15, 2003 · N5345S · Minor damage
  > The pilot's inadequate inflight planning and failure to extend the landing gear, which resulted in a wheels-up landing.
- [NTSB NYC04LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04LA048.md): Beech 35 · Laconia, NH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 13, 2003 · N3116V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control after experiencing a brake failure. A factor related to the accident was the failure of the brake master cylinder.
- [NTSB DEN04LA029](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN04LA029.md): Maule M-4-210 · Elbert, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 13, 2003 · N4621T · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. A contributing factor was his inexperience in aircraft type.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=222

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=221

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