# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 265 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB ANC99LA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA145.md): Cessna 185F · Delta Junction, AK · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 15, 1999 · N85LC · Substantial damage
  > Corrosion and a fatigue failure of the lower end of the landing gear strut. Factors in the accident were the manufacturer's and the FAA's insufficient standards/requirements for life limits and inspection procedures.
- [NTSB DEN99LA162](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA162.md): Piper PA-22-135 · Greeley, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 14, 1999 · N3329A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadvertent ground loop during landing roll. Factors were the malfunctioning self centering locking device on the tail wheel, the right rear quartering tail wind, and the 3 to 4 inch high berm along the edge of the runway.
- [NTSB NYC99LA227](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA227.md): Cessna 152 · Sanford, ME · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 13, 1999 · N5337L · Substantial damage
  > Improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB MIA99LA253](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA253.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Homestead, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 13, 1999 · N2145N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to obtain the proper touch down point on landing and excessive airspeed resulting in an overrun, and subsequent collision with a fence post and clippings.
- [NTSB ANC99LA144](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA144.md): Champion 7ECA · Port Heiden, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 13, 1999 · N3017G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing.
- [NTSB NYC99LA226](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA226.md): Piper PA-22-108 · Manassas, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 12, 1999 · N5125Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to recover from a sideslip maneuver, and flare the airplane before touchdown.
- [NTSB MIA99LA255](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA255.md): Piper PA-24-250 · St. Petersburg, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 12, 1999 · N8051P · Substantial damage
  > the pilots improper use of the hand brake during the landing roll out and his failure to maintain directional control, which resulted in the airplane exiting the runway and incurring substantial damage.
- [NTSB FTW99LA270](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA270.md): Aeronca 7-AC · Fort Worth, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 12, 1999 · N81800 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll.
- [NTSB FTW99LA259](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA259.md): Cessna 182J · Jeanerette, LA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 12, 1999 · N2751F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point resulting in the aircraft overrunning the runway on landing roll. A factor was the gusty crosswind condition.
- [NTSB FTW99LA258](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA258.md): Cessna 172RG · Fort Smith, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 12, 1999 · N9724B · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the electric pump motor/hydraulic power pack resulting in the collapse of the right main landing gear upon landing.
- [NTSB CHI99LA339](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA339.md): Lake LA-4 · Ann Arbor, MI · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 12, 1999 · N1137L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper touchdown during a water landing.
- [NTSB SEA99LA163](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA163.md): Stinson V77 · Tacoma, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 11, 1999 · N69386 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's inadvertent use of heavier than normal braking during the landing roll. A contributing factor was the gusty wind conditions.
- [NTSB SEA99LA160](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA160.md): Cessna 172M · Tahola, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 11, 1999 · N8995V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate directional control and his failure to maintain clearance from trees along the side of the landing area. Factors include a landing area surrounded by tall trees.
- [NTSB MIA99LA256](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA256.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Canton, GA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 11, 1999 · N6757W · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions and failure to maintain directional control during.
- [NTSB ANC99LA146](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA146.md): Cessna 182 · Anchorage, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 11, 1999 · N1881X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot/mechanic's improper damage repair, and intentional operation (ferry) of the airplane with known deficiencies. Factors in the accident were the installation of the improper nose gear assembly, and the inadequate surveillance and issuance of a special…
- [NTSB SEA99LA158](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA158.md): Cessna 170B · Auburn, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 10, 1999 · N3476D · Substantial damage
  > Loss of directional control due to deficient brakes and tailwheel. Factors include leaking brake cylinder, loose tailwheel casting, and obstructions (VASI lights) in the path of the airplane as it left the runway.
- [NTSB MIA99IA249](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99IA249.md): Douglas DC-9-31 · Nashville, TN · Incident · Minor injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Sep 9, 1999 · N993Z · Minor damage
  > A preexisting crack on the left main landing gear outer cylinder housing and the first officer's failure to maintain the proper rate of descent resulting in a hard landing on touchdown, and subsequent total failure and separation of the left main landing gear…
- [NTSB LAX99LA300](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA300.md): Robinson R-22-BETA · Piute, NV · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 9, 1999 · N4076Z · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to maintain rotor rpm while practicing autorotations, resulting in a hard landing and roll over.
- [NTSB ANC99LA137](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA137.md): Stinson 108-2 · Chugiak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 9, 1999 · N97978 · Substantial damage
  > A partial failure of the brake system. A factor associated with the accident was a leaking brake system.
- [NTSB ANC99LA148](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA148.md): Champion 7GCBC · Sleetmute, AK · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 7, 1999 · N9018L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area. A factor in this accident was the rough and uneven gravel bar.
- [NTSB FTW99LA248](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA248.md): Beech 95-A55 · Ada, OK · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 6, 1999 · N9576Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing flare/touchdown. Factors were the pilot's excessive approach speed and the partial failure of the seat guides for the pilot's seat.
- [NTSB LAX99LA298](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA298.md): Lithuanian Factory of LAK-12 · Prescott, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 5, 1999 · N612LK · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain an adequate clearance from ground obstructions during an off-airport landing. The pilot's inability to locate suitable thermal activity to remain aloft is a factor in the accident.
- [NTSB LAX99LA297](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA297.md): Cessna 205 · Gualala, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 5, 1999 · N1854Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain a proper touchdown point due to his misjudgment of the aircraft's speed, altitude, and distance to the runway. The pilot's failure to initiate a go-around is also causal.
- [NTSB ATL99LA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA124.md): Cessna 190 · Enterprise, AL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 5, 1999 · N9872A · Substantial damage
  > The fatigue failure of the main landing gear spring.
- [NTSB ANC99LA150](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA150.md): Cessna 182 · Northway, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 5, 1999 · N3092Y · Substantial damage
  > The improper maneuver to avoid obstructions by the pilot. Factors associated with this accident were the ruts in the approach end of the airstrip, and tall brush alongside the airstrip.
- [NTSB SEA99LA156](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA156.md): Cessna 182M · Sandpoint, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 4, 1999 · N71685 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare. Factors include a runway that sloped uphill, and the pilot's failure to familiarize himself with the destination airstrip prior to departure.
- [NTSB SEA99LA154](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA154.md): Bellanca 7GCBC · Columbus, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 4, 1999 · N8525 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control. A wet runway surface was a factor.
- [NTSB MIA99LA247](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA247.md): Cessna 172N · Lakeland, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 4, 1999 · N172AN · Substantial damage
  > The student pilots improper use of brakes on landing rollout resulting in a loss of directional control and subsequent collision with a ditch. Contributing to the accident was the certified flight instructors improper supervision of the student pilot.
- [NTSB SEA99LA155](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA155.md): Schwarzler Kolb Mark 3 · Independence, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 3, 1999 · N8979 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed while on approach.
- [NTSB DEN99LA159](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA159.md): Cessna 172P · Englewood, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 3, 1999 · N62740 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed during the flare for landing/touchdown phase of flight. A factor was a ditch off the side of the runway.
- [NTSB IAD99LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD99LA064.md): Piper PA-34-220T · Nantucket, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1999 · N6915Z · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate recovery from a bounced landing which resulted in a hard landing and the fracture and collapse of the right main landing gear.
- [NTSB SEA99LA169](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA169.md): Beech J-35 · Union, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 1, 1999 · N7299B · Substantial damage
  > Directional control not maintained. A rough/uneven landing area was a factor.
- [NTSB ATL99LA120](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA120.md): Cessna 152 · Baker, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 1, 1999 · N5377L · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor misjudged his altitude and airspeed. A factor was trees.
- [NTSB NYC99FA216](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99FA216.md): Piper PA-34-200 · Plymouth, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 31, 1999 · N98FM · Destroyed
  > The flight instructor's inadequate remedial action, and the pilot-under-instruction's panic and subsequent interference with the flight controls.
- [NTSB ANC99LA131](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA131.md): Piper PA-12 · Skwentna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 31, 1999 · N3824M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions. Factors in the accident were a crosswind, and wind gusts.
- [NTSB FTW99LA244](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA244.md): Cessna A188B · Seminole, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 30, 1999 · N731JY · Substantial damage
  > The pilot seat disengaging from the seat track resulting from inadequate AD compliance during the last annual inspection. A factor was the soft terrain.
- [NTSB CHI99LA315](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA315.md): Piper PA-24-180 · Eden Prairie, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 30, 1999 · N6606P · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to follow the landing checklist and his failure to extend the landing gear.
- [NTSB CHI99LA335](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA335.md): Benson Sorrell SNS-7 · Mt. Vernon, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 29, 1999 · N60SV · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind condition which resulted in an inadvertent ground loop. A factor associated with the accident was the gusty crosswind.
- [NTSB NYC99LA215](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA215.md): Let L-33-SOLO · Wellington, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 28, 1999 · N286BA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point. A factor related to the accident was a downdraft.
- [NTSB MIA99LA239](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA239.md): Cessna 172N · Olive Branch, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1999 · N4521E · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudged the flare, resulting in the nose gear impacting the runway, and a bounced landing.
- [NTSB LAX99LA286](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA286.md): Cessna 177 · Carson City, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1999 · N3327T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's use of an excessive approach reference airspeed, his misjudged landing flare, and subsequent hard landing/porpoise. A contributing factor was the airplane's excessive approach airspeed.
- [NTSB FTW99LA242](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA242.md): Cessna 210A · Grapevine, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1999 · N6657X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft during landing.
- [NTSB CHI99LA314](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA314.md): Beech 58 · Chesterfield, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1999 · N912WJ · Substantial damage
  > the inadvertent retraction of the landing gear by the pilot.
- [NTSB ANC99LA125](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA125.md): Learjet 35 · Glennallen, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1999 · N90WR · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's delay in applying remedial action. A factor associated with the accident was the second-in-command's failure to maintain proper airspeed during final approach.
- [NTSB SEA99LA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA145.md): Cessna 182J · Yellow Pine, ID · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1999 · N2808F · Substantial damage
  > Misjudged approach resulting in landing long. Factors include an intentional ground-loop, excessive airspeed and an embankment.
- [NTSB MIA99LA235](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA235.md): Cessna 172P · Hampton, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1999 · N55218 · Substantial damage
  > Was the failure of the pilot-in-command to maintain directional control after touchdown following a bounced landing, resulting in the on-ground collision with a taxiway sign and the separation of the right main landing gear.
- [NTSB LAX99LA285](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA285.md): Burkhart Grob G 103 Twin II · Llano, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1999 · N8013K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's encounter with a sudden and violent dust devil, which caused the student pilot to lose control of the aircraft during the landing flare/touchdown.
- [NTSB FTW99LA234](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA234.md): Hughes 269B · Russellville, AR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1999 · N44KH · Substantial damage
  > The improper touchdown by the flight instructor.
- [NTSB ANC99LA135](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA135.md): Piper PA-14 · Fairbanks, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1999 · N5402H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadvertent stall during the landing flare.
- [NTSB MIA99LA236](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA236.md): Michael L. Luckey Sportsman 2 + 2 · Grand Junction, TN · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 22, 1999 · N116ML · Substantial damage
  > The improper spoiler extension by the passenger following the bounced landing, which resulted in the hard landing and collapse of the left main landing gear.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=266

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=265

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