# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 271 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB MIA99LA138](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA138.md): Piper PA-24-180 · Fernandina Bch, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 22, 1999 · N7059P · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to use the printed checklist which resulted in the gear-up landing. A factor associated with the accident was the intermittent failure of the gear warning horn.
- [NTSB ANC99LA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA054.md): Piper PA-18 · King Salmon, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 22, 1999 · N1389A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control. A factor associated with the accident was an inadvertent ground loop.
- [NTSB FTW99LA118](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA118.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Cleburne, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 19, 1999 · N32458 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing and his improper recovery procedures from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB ATL99LA073](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA073.md): Cessna 140A · Dallas, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 19, 1999 · N9462A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain/landing area for a short field landing, and his delay in executing a go-around.
- [NTSB ANC99LA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA051.md): Britten-Norman BN-2B-21 · Kongiganak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 19, 1999 · N414JA · Substantial damage
  > The deep, water filled hole in the runway.
- [NTSB SEA99LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA053.md): Beech 35-C33 · Hillsboro, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1999 · N1310A · Substantial damage
  > A landing gear collapse for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB LAX99LA158](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA158.md): North American AT-6D · Hollister, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1999 · N6979C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind condition, and his failure to maintain directional control during landing.
- [NTSB IAD99LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD99LA039.md): Cessna 152 · Fairfield, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1999 · N24707 · Substantial damage
  > was the pilot's inadequate compensation for winds and his improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB NYC99LA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA094.md): Cessna 172M · Lumberton, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 17, 1999 · N12469 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgment of altitude and distance which resulted in a runway overrun.
- [NTSB NYC99FA091](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99FA091.md): Raytheon Corporate Jets BE-400A · Beckley, WV · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 17, 1999 · N400VG · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command misjudged his altitude and airspeed which resulted in an overrun. Contributing to the accident were the pilot's lack of total flight experience in make and model, the pilot's reliance on the airplane's optional thrust reverser system and…
- [NTSB SEA99LA052](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA052.md): Cessna 177 · Auburn, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 15, 1999 · N3564F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare. Contributing factors were gusty, crosswind conditions, and the student's minimal overall experience.
- [NTSB NYC99LA090](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA090.md): Robinson R-22 · Port Jefferson, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 15, 1999 · N151RM · Substantial damage
  > the lack of supervision by the flight instructor which resulted in a low rotor condition and subsequent hard landing.
- [NTSB LAX99LA152](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA152.md): Boeing A75N1 · Casa Grande, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 15, 1999 · N53404 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's decision to continue flight into a known adverse weather condition, and, his failure to adequately compensate for the crosswind gust condition and maintain directional control during the landing rollout.
- [NTSB ANC99LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA053.md): Piper PA-18 · Anchorage, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 15, 1999 · N7696D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for crosswind conditions. Factors associated with the accident were a crosswind, and an inadvertent ground loop.
- [NTSB ATL99LA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA071.md): Hoskins Craig Lightning BUG · Crystal River, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 14, 1999 · N450CH · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane, which resulted in an inadvertent stall.
- [NTSB FTW99LA116](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA116.md): Cessna 172 · Sheridan, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 13, 1999 · N6404E · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's excessive landing approach speed and his failure to attain the proper touchdown point which resulted in a runway overrun.
- [NTSB ANC99LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA045.md): Piper PA-31-350 · Chevak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 11, 1999 · N59985 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate in-flight planning/decision, and his failure to attain the proper touchdown point on the runway. Factors in the accident were a tail wind condition, and the presence of snow and ice on the runway surface.
- [NTSB SEA99LA050](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA050.md): Piper PA-18 · Boulder, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 10, 1999 · N4036E · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain directional control after encountering a dust-devil during landing rollout, resulting in a ground loop and collapse of the main landing gear. Factors include the dust-devil.
- [NTSB LAX99LA142](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA142.md): Witzel Glassair II FT · Casa Grande, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 9, 1999 · N71TL · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the existing crosswind condition.
- [NTSB CHI99LA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA124.md): Piper PA-28-180 · North Platte, NE · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 8, 1999 · N32194 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for gusty wind conditions. Factors associated with the accident were the gusty, high, wind conditions, and the pilot's continued flight into adverse weather.
- [NTSB IAD99LA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD99LA037.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Zelienople, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 6, 1999 · N8133H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight planning to practice crosswind landings in wind that exceeded the airplane's demonstrated capability and his failure to maintain directional control. A factor in the accident was the high wind.
- [NTSB FTW99LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA106.md): Starduster SA-100 · Kingston, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 5, 1999 · N227FG · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot-in-command to maintain control of the airplane during the landing roll. A factor was the gusty wind conditions.
- [NTSB ATL99LA068](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA068.md): Vans RV-6A · Cedar Creek, NC · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 5, 1999 · N239RB · Substantial damage
  > The soft runway surface.
- [NTSB LAX99LA139](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA139.md): Cessna U206G · Ramona, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 4, 1999 · N756CF · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain an adequate airspeed margin to compensate for the variable wind conditions existing at the time of the landing.
- [NTSB ANC99LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA042.md): Cessna 180 · Iliamna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 4, 1999 · N420SB · Substantial damage
  > The improper installation of the main landing gear attaching bolt by maintenance personnel, which resulted in total failure of the bolt and collapse of the landing gear.
- [NTSB ANC99LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA041.md): Maule M-5 · Talkeetna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 4, 1999 · N9237E · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind during landing. Factors associated with this accident were the left crosswind, and the snowbank on the edge of the runway.
- [NTSB MIA99LA116](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA116.md): Maule M-7-235B · Boca Grande, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 3, 1999 · N10430 · Substantial damage
  > The pilots failure to maintain a visual lookout on landing resulting in an in-flight collision with a wave.
- [NTSB NYC99LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA086.md): Cessna 172P · Lawrence, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 2, 1999 · N66162 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare, and his improper recover from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB NYC99LA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA084.md): Cessna 150 · Leonardtown, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 31, 1999 · N8524J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane during a crosswind landing.
- [NTSB LAX99LA135](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA135.md): Piper PA-22-135 · Novato, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 31, 1999 · N1244C · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to adequately compensate for the wind conditions and to maintain directional control of the aircraft while landing. A factor is the airport's failure to follow proper procedure in ensuring adequate obstacle and object free clearance…
- [NTSB FTW99LA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA107.md): Air Tractor AT-301 · Garwood, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 31, 1999 · N8789S · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inability to maintain directional control of the airplane as result of the failure of the right brake system due to the stripped threads on the eye bolt connecting the brake pedal to the brake master cylinder.
- [NTSB FTW99LA103](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA103.md): Gates Learjet 35A · Rogers, AR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 30, 1999 · N508GP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain the proper descent rate, his failure to attain the proper touchdown point and the fightcrew's delay in taking remedial action. A factor was the downdraft.
- [NTSB ATL99LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA064.md): Cessna 172B · Mt. Airy, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 30, 1999 · N7821X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain proper airspeed during landing and his failure to attain a proper touchdown point on the runway.
- [NTSB ATL99LA063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA063.md): Cessna 185 · Hilton Head, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 30, 1999 · N185MN · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate evaluation of weather information that resulted in his failure to maintain directional control during landing. Factors were gusting winds, and a tail wind.
- [NTSB FTW99LA102](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA102.md): Luscombe 8A · Ada, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 29, 1999 · N1212B · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's excessive application of the wheel brakes.
- [NTSB DEN99LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA059.md): Cameron V-77 · Elbert, CO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 28, 1999 · N74008 · No damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain a proper descent rate during touchdown, resulting in a hard landing. A factor was the passenger's failure to properly position herself for the landing.
- [NTSB CHI99LA119](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA119.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Ankeny, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 28, 1999 · N82164 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing.
- [NTSB ATL99LA065](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA065.md): Cessna 206 · Fayetteville, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 28, 1999 · N59WA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing. A factor was the crosswind.
- [NTSB ANC99LA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA037.md): Cessna 180 · Glennallen, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 28, 1999 · N3452D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing site. A factor associated with the accident was the soft, snow-covered terrain.
- [NTSB ANC99LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA039.md): Piper PA-32-301 · Chefornak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 27, 1999 · N81844 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing site. A factor associated with the accident was rough and uneven terrain.
- [NTSB CHI99LA114](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA114.md): Piper PA-31-350 · Waterloo, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 24, 1999 · N812TB · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB LAX99LA130](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA130.md): Beech 58 · Atwater, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 23, 1999 · N6BY · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the student to extend the landing gear and the flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the flight.
- [NTSB CHI99LA116](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA116.md): Cessna 152 · Bloomington, IL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 22, 1999 · N757MJ · Destroyed
  > The pilot's misjudged flare and inadvertent stall during landing. A factor was the pilot's inadequate remedial action.
- [NTSB LAX99LA126](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA126.md): Boeing Stearman A75N1 · Mesa, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 20, 1999 · N52558 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the gusty and variable crosswind condition, which led to a loss of directional control and an inadvertent ground loop.
- [NTSB CHI99LA113](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA113.md): Delong Glastar GS-1 · Lapeer, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 20, 1999 · N918V · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain compensation for wind conditions. Factors to the accident were the crosswind condition and the presence of trees along the runway.
- [NTSB ATL99LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA058.md): Piper PA-34-200T · St.Petersburg, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 20, 1999 · N5423F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare that resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB LAX99LA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA124.md): Beech D95A · Dillingham, HI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 19, 1999 · N199Q · Substantial damage
  > The student's failure to maintain aircraft control in the gusty crosswind conditions due to limited left yaw authority induced by the simulated single engine approach. The flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the flight and his failure to terminate…
- [NTSB LAX99LA123](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA123.md): Cessna 172M · Reno, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 19, 1999 · N5242R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind condition and his failure to maintain runway alignment during the crosswind landing.
- [NTSB LAX99LA121](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA121.md): Cessna 177 · Chico, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 17, 1999 · N3406T · Substantial damage
  > The CFI's inadequate supervision and delayed remedial action to rectify his student's bounced landing. Contributing factors were the short runway and obstructing trees.
- [NTSB LAX99LA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA100.md): Piper PA-44-180 · Prescott, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 17, 1999 · N106BM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare resulting in a hard touchdown, and, his failure to adequately compensate for the existing crosswind condition and to maintain directional control during rollout on the wet runway.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=272

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=271

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