# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 273 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB CHI99LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA086.md): Beech 58 · Gaylord, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 6, 1999 · N58AK · Substantial damage
  > the pilot not obtaining proper runway centerline alignment during landing. Associated factors were the pilot's obscured view through the iced windshield, the runway lights not activating simultaneously with the approach lights, incomplete visual detection of…
- [NTSB ATL99LA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA047.md): Balloon Works AX-8 · Beech Island, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 6, 1999 · N32877 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to follow the balloon checklist that resulted in a ground fire that destroyed the balloon envelope.
- [NTSB LAX99TA088](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99TA088.md): McDonnell Douglas 369D · Las Vegas, NV · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jan 31, 1999 · N58431 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to properly judge the landing flare maneuver during a practice autorotative landing resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CHI99LA080](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA080.md): Champion 7GCAA · Alliance, NE · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 31, 1999 · N9668S · Substantial damage
  > the unsuitable terrain for landing selected by the pilot-in-command. Factors were the tailwind landing condition and excessive braking by the pilot-in-command.
- [NTSB CHI99LA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA078.md): Gates Learjet 35 · Chicago, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 29, 1999 · N130F · Substantial damage
  > the second pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed which resulted in an inadvertent stall mush.
- [NTSB LAX99LA082](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA082.md): Cessna 172L · Santa Paula, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 26, 1999 · N7639G · Substantial damage
  > The instructor pilot's misjudged altitude and speed, which resulted in a failure to attain the proper touchdown point causing an overrun and collision with a block wall. A factor was the wet runway, which may have hindered brake effectiveness.
- [NTSB CHI99LA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA076.md): Cessna 152 · Lake Elmo, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 25, 1999 · N752AA · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll. Factors associated with the accident were the snow covered, icy runway condition and the snowbank which the airplane contacted.
- [NTSB NYC99LA052](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA052.md): Beech 1900D · Hyannis, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 22, 1999 · N215CJ · Substantial damage
  > The captain's improper placement of the power levers in the BETA position, while the airplane was inflight. Factors were the fog and dusk conditions.
- [NTSB NYC99LA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA051.md): Cessna 650 · Columbus, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 22, 1999 · N782QS · Substantial damage
  > The collapse of the airplane's right main landing gear due to inadequate design by its manufacturer.
- [NTSB FTW99LA068](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA068.md): Waco YMF-5 · Edmond, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 21, 1999 · N19Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point due to excessive airspeed and his failure to abort the landing. Factors were the pilot's excessive braking and the short, grass runway.
- [NTSB CHI99LA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA071.md): Cessna 172R · Chesterfield, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 20, 1999 · N4172P · Substantial damage
  > the instructor pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control. Factors contributing to this accident were the snow covered grassy field area along the side of the runway and the pile of snow.
- [NTSB CHI99LA074](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA074.md): Cessna 150F · Hillsdale, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 19, 1999 · N8142F · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's disregarding preparation for the flight. Factors were a frozen landing gear wheel, and the snowbank.
- [NTSB CHI99LA070](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA070.md): Luscombe 8A · Schaumburg, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 19, 1999 · N2197B · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. A factor associated with the accident was the snowbank which the airplane contacted.
- [NTSB ANC99IA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99IA025.md): Boeing 747-100 · Fairbanks, AK · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Jan 19, 1999 · N481EV · Minor damage
  > The improper overhaul of the thrust reverser pneumatic drive unit, and the subsequent failure of the thrust reverser actuator. Factors associated with the incident were the inadequate quality assurance procedures by the overhaul company.
- [NTSB IAD99LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD99LA028.md): Robinson R-22B · Fairfield, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 15, 1999 · N8041J · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's failure to maintain rotor rpm and his failure to complete the autorotational descent. A factor in the accident was the flight instructor's failure to fully deploy carburetor heat as directed in the Pilot's Operating Handbook.
- [NTSB IAD99LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD99LA027.md): Cessna 421B · Youngstown, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 15, 1999 · N882BB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control. A factor was the icy runway.
- [NTSB ATL99LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA043.md): Trohoski VARI-EZE · Tupelo, MS · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 13, 1999 · N721NT · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and compensation for wind conditions upon landing. Factors in the accident were the pilot's inadequate recurrent training and lack of experience with the airplane.
- [NTSB CHI99LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA064.md): Gulfstream 695A · Wheeling, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 12, 1999 · N20GT · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command (CFI)'s poor in-flight planning and decision making, and his inadequate supervision of the dual student. Factors were the tailwind condition, icing conditions, and the dual student's improper flare.
- [NTSB ATL99LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA041.md): Cessna 172 · Centre, AL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 12, 1999 · N6700A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate in-flight planning and his failure to attain the proper touchdown point on the runway. Factors were the tailwind weather condition, and the wet sod runway.
- [NTSB CHI99LA063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA063.md): Beech BE-C-45H · St. Joseph, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 11, 1999 · N165ZA · Substantial damage
  > the pilot not maintaining directional control during the landing rollout. A factor in this accident was the patchy snow on the runway.
- [NTSB LAX99LA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA071.md): Piper PA-18A-150 · Tucson, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 10, 1999 · N8980D · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's inadvertent activation of the right heel brake on the conventional geared aircraft, which resulted in a loss of directional control and an inadvertent ground loop. A contributing factor was inadequate supervision.
- [NTSB CHI99LA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA062.md): Cessna 152 · Lansing, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 9, 1999 · N25787 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain proper runway alignment during the landing flare. A factor related to the accident was the snowbank which the airplane contacted.
- [NTSB NYC99LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA048.md): Cessna 310R · Allentown, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 8, 1999 · N31UV · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper decision to reduce too much power during the landing flare.
- [NTSB ATL99LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA039.md): Luscombe 8-A · Palmetto, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 7, 1999 · N1231K · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the wheel fairing attach bolts that resulted in the loss of control during the landing roll when the fairing became lodged under the left wheel.
- [NTSB SEA99LA026](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA026.md): Robinson R-22 · Hillsboro, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 6, 1999 · N605HA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control.
- [NTSB CHI99LA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA061.md): Beech BE-V35B · Olathe, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 6, 1999 · N740T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's continued flight into adverse weather that resulted in structural icing and subsequently an aerodynamic stall on landing flare. A factor was the pilot's inadequate weather evaluation.
- [NTSB CHI99LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA059.md): Rockwell 500-S · Plymouth, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 6, 1999 · N50BA · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane while landing. Factors associated with the accident were the tailwind condition and the pilot landing in the wrong direction.
- [NTSB FTW99LA063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA063.md): Cessna 172M · Midlothian, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 5, 1999 · N80253 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to compensate for a crosswind resulting in a loss of control. Factors were the gusty high winds and the flight instructor's improper decision to allow the student to solo during high winds.
- [NTSB CHI99LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA058.md): Cessna 172P · Lambertville, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 5, 1999 · N53637 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot-in-command's loss of directional control during landing roll. Factors to the accident were the icy terrain condition, crosswind, and the snow bank.
- [NTSB LAX99LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA064.md): Piper PA-22-108 · Hayward, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 2, 1999 · N4556Z · Destroyed
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain directional control. A factor in this accident was the inadvertent ground loop swerve.
- [NTSB CHI99LA068](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA068.md): Cessna P210N · Eau Clare, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 31, 1998 · N731YY · Substantial damage
  > the delayed gear extension by the pilot. Contributing factors were the checklist not used by the pilot, the inoperative gear warning, and the maintenance replacement of the throttle control/gear warning interconnect cable not performed by company/operator…
- [NTSB ATL99LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA036.md): Bell 47G-3B-2 · Murfreesboro, TN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 30, 1998 · N123NM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate flare and his diverted attention, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB LAX99LA060](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA060.md): Aegerter, Simon Velocity 173E-RG · San Diego, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 29, 1998 · N466MF · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate modification to the control systems, which resulted in a restricted elevator control.
- [NTSB SEA99LA029](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA029.md): Beech 200 · Weiser, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 28, 1998 · N6684B · Substantial damage
  > Airport snow removal was not properly performed. A snowbank was a factor.
- [NTSB CHI99LA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA054.md): Cessna 152 · Urbana, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 27, 1998 · N5527L · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot not maintaining the proper descent rate on final approach, and the certified flight instructor's delayed remedial action.
- [NTSB SEA99LA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA024.md): Cessna 120 · Omak, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 26, 1998 · N120L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain directional control. Contributing factors were the snow covered runway and a snowbank (berm) at the runway's edge.
- [NTSB CHI99LA060](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA060.md): Cessna 152 · Appleton, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 26, 1998 · N6136Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control. A related factor was the crosswind.
- [NTSB SEA99LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA023.md): Piper PA-34-200 · Bellingham, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 20, 1998 · CGHFD · Substantial damage
  > A hard landing due to the pilot's failure to maintain a proper descent rate. Factors include gusts and turbulence.
- [NTSB MIA99LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA049.md): Cessna 170 · Lawrenceville, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 18, 1998 · N4105V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB LAX99LA055](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA055.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Big Bear, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 18, 1998 · N5413S · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare, which lead to an inadvertent stall/mush 10 feet above the ground.
- [NTSB CHI99LA055](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA055.md): Aerospatiale ATR-42-300 · Traverse City, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 17, 1998 · N47AE · Substantial damage
  > The crew's failure to execute a missed approach and the flying pilot's (captain) failure to maintain directional control upon touchdown with a seven degree left bank and a right quartering tailwind. Factor's were the snow covered runway/landing area and the…
- [NTSB SEA99LA021](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA021.md): Elliott RAF 2000 · Walla Walla, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 16, 1998 · N797X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control after landing.
- [NTSB FTW99LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA053.md): Dennis Pointer KR-2 · Denton, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 16, 1998 · N202DP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's loss of control as result of his improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB FTW99FA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99FA049.md): Cessna 150H · Marksville, LA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Dec 15, 1998 · N22038 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to visually identify the hazardous condition of the runway. Factors were the dusk light condition and the pilot's failure to obtain NOTAMs.
- [NTSB DEN99LA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA025.md): Cessna 182RG · Glenwood Spring, CO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 13, 1998 · N9854C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control. A contributing factor is his inadequate recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB MIA99LA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA062.md): Beech C-45G · Charlotte Amali · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 11, 1998 · N555NJ · Substantial damage
  > The inadequate flare by the pilot-in-command resulting in a hard landing on the nose landing gear causing it to collapse.
- [NTSB LAX99LA046](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA046.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Tucson, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 11, 1998 · N9320N · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the instructor pilot to maintain directional control and properly supervise the landing. A contributing factor was the unavailability of brakes on the instructor's side (the right side) of the airplane.
- [NTSB ATL99LA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA032.md): Cessna 310C · Ft Myers, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 9, 1998 · N218S · Substantial damage
  > The inadequate preflight inspection of the airplane by the pilot and subsequent malfunction of the nose gear strut, and the pilot's failure to follow the landing checklist.
- [NTSB NYC99LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA035.md): Beech 36 · Mathews, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 8, 1998 · N3237Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's decision to land with less than full-down flaps. Contributing factors were the wet landing surface and the tree.
- [NTSB NYC99LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA034.md): Univair 7GC-AA · Garner, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 6, 1998 · N31253 · Substantial damage
  > A jammed right wheel for undetermined reasons.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=274

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=273

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