# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 283 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB IAD98LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98LA038.md): Champion 7ECA · Castlewood, VA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 15, 1998 · N7507F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to achieve the proper touchdown point and the delayed execution of the go around. A contributing factor was the fence.
- [NTSB ATL98LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98LA058.md): Cessna 152 · La Belle, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 15, 1998 · N49551 · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions and failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. The gusty crosswind condition was a related factor.
- [NTSB ATL98LA057](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98LA057.md): Boeing A75N1 · Chamblee, GA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 15, 1998 · N63538 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions and excessive application of braking action, which resulted in an on-ground loss-of-control and a nose over. Related factors were: the pilot's selection of the wrong runway, and the crosswind condition.
- [NTSB FTW98LA147](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA147.md): Cessna 150L · Conway, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 13, 1998 · N21915 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare which resulted in a hard landing and her improper recovery procedures for a bounced landing.
- [NTSB IAD98GA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98GA039.md): Bell 412 · Quantico, VA · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Mar 12, 1998 · N82628 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain adequate altitude/clearance above the terrain and the lack of management oversight of aircrews and equipment.
- [NTSB ANC98LA029](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA029.md): Cessna 185 · Mcgrath, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 12, 1998 · N21546 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control after landing. Factors associated with the accident are the presence of snow covered terrain, a tree, and the pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area.
- [NTSB MIA98LA095](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA095.md): Cessna 172P · Destin, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 6, 1998 · N53456 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB FTW98LA142](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA142.md): Mooney M20C · Broomfield, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 6, 1998 · N5653Q · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to extend the landing gear before landing. A factor relating to the accident was: his attention being diverted, when his daughter got air sick.
- [NTSB LAX98LA105](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA105.md): Learjet 23 · Oakdale, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 4, 1998 · N37BL · Substantial damage
  > failure of the flight crew to extend the landing gear before landing.
- [NTSB CHI98LA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA100.md): Cessna 650 · Manistee, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 4, 1998 · N502T · Substantial damage
  > the pilots excessive airspeed during landing, exceeding the proper touchdown point, and failure to execute a missed approach.
- [NTSB ANC98LA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA024.md): Cessna 180H · Tatitna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 3, 1998 · N4751U · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing. A factor was the snow machine ruts creating a rough landing surface.
- [NTSB LAX98LA099](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA099.md): Sweet-House RD Mustang 2 · Madera, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 2, 1998 · N546SH · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain adequate airspeed during the approach, which resulted in a stall. An additional cause was the pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the attempted go around. A factor in this accident is the pilot's lack of…
- [NTSB LAX98LA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA100.md): Ryan PT22-ST3KR · Davis, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 1, 1998 · N57085 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the aircraft on the landing roll.
- [NTSB FTW98LA141](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA141.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Rayville, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 1, 1998 · N4GQ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the gusting crosswinds. Factors were the gusting crosswinds and the pilot's lack of experience in gusting crosswinds.
- [NTSB IAD98LA033](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98LA033.md): Cessna 152 · Warrenton, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 28, 1998 · N25275 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB SEA98LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98LA041.md): Cessna 175 · Port Townsend, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 26, 1998 · N7620M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged distance and speed during landing. A factor was the wet grass runway.
- [NTSB MIA98LA087](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA087.md): Cessna 150M · Daytona Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 26, 1998 · N45194 · Substantial damage
  > failure of the flight instructor (CFI) to maintain adequate airspeed, during the final approach and flare to land, which resulted in an inadvertent stall/mush and allowed the wingtip to drag during touchdown.
- [NTSB MIA98LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA086.md): Lake LA-4-200 · Lake Murray, SC · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 25, 1998 · N3020P · Substantial damage
  > A collision with an unknown submerged.
- [NTSB ANC98LA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA017.md): Cessna 185E · Anchorage, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 24, 1998 · N4535F · Substantial damage
  > A separation of the axle from the landing gear strut due to overload, and stripping of the axle bolt threads.
- [NTSB LAX98LA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA094.md): Piper J3 · Chandler, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 22, 1998 · N46PS · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane.
- [NTSB ANC98LA021](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA021.md): Cessna 180H · Anchorage, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 22, 1998 · N9028M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point on the runway. Factors in the accident were: snow covered terrain at the approach end of the runway and flat light conditions.
- [NTSB ATL98LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98LA048.md): Cessna 210 · Hazel Green, AL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 21, 1998 · N7398E · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing and the nose gear collapsing.
- [NTSB SEA98LA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98LA037.md): Piper PA-11 · Bridger, MT · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 15, 1998 · N947MG · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain airspeed during a bounced landing recovery.
- [NTSB ATL98LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98LA043.md): Wilde Mickey Questair 20 · Greensboro, NC · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 15, 1998 · N94FA · Substantial damage
  > The improper installation of the nose landing gear strut, which led to the collapse of the nose gear upon touchdown.
- [NTSB ATL98LA044](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98LA044.md): Charles Holmes Kitfox XL · Homestead, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 14, 1998 · N9272V · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper touchdown flare during landing.
- [NTSB LAX98LA087](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA087.md): Cessna 195 · Carefree, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 12, 1998 · N4385N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudging the wind direction and his selection of the wrong runway for the landing attempt.
- [NTSB FTW98LA128](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA128.md): Beech 23 · Colorado Sprngs, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 11, 1998 · N2382L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadvertent porpoise during landing roll. A factor was the ditch.
- [NTSB LAX98LA088](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA088.md): Cessna 182P · Payson, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 10, 1998 · N52748 · Substantial damage
  > The collapse of the nose landing gear for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB CHI98LA093](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA093.md): Piper PA-22-160 · Point Lookout, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 9, 1998 · N1958P · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control on landing rollout.
- [NTSB MIA98LA073](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA073.md): Cessna 177RG · Cumming, GA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 7, 1998 · N1536H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgment of distance and airspeed, and his failure to attain the proper touchdown point.
- [NTSB MIA98LA072](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA072.md): Cessna 172 · Daytona Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 6, 1998 · N406ER · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of ailerons and brakes on landing rollout.
- [NTSB SEA98LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98LA035.md): Bromley Steen Skybolt · Hillsboro, OR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 5, 1998 · N55740 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain a proper glidepath.
- [NTSB FTW98LA120](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA120.md): Cessna 210A · Morgan, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 4, 1998 · N9489X · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain control of the aircraft, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve. A related factor was the lack of experience in the make and model of aircraft.
- [NTSB LAX98LA093](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA093.md): Boeing MD600N · Mesa, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 3, 1998 · N9204D · Substantial damage
  > the attempt by flight test engineers to verify a height/velocity data point that was subsequently shown to be outside the aircraft's performance capabilities.
- [NTSB FTW98LA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA124.md): Piper PA-22-108 · Frederick, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 3, 1998 · N4654Z · Substantial damage
  > The loss of wheel brakes due to the failure of the brake actuating cable. A factor was the tailwind.
- [NTSB IAD98LA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98LA025.md): Cessna 172K · Oxford, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 1, 1998 · N78222 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB CHI98LA090](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA090.md): Cessna 150M · Troy, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 1, 1998 · N6327K · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's failure to maintain direction control of the airplane. Factors relating to this accident were: the crosswind, and wet/soft terrain (mud) beside the runway.
- [NTSB SEA98LA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98LA032.md): Cessna 180 · Sun Valley, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 31, 1998 · N180AJ · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadvertent actuation of the parking brake.
- [NTSB MIA98LA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA071.md): Piper PA-18-150 · New Smyrna Bch, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 31, 1998 · N5975Z · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve.
- [NTSB FTW98LA116](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA116.md): Cessna 172 · Laramie, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 30, 1998 · N6926A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and subsequent improper go-around in that he failed to use compensating elevator control, and his loss of directional control.
- [NTSB FTW98LA114](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA114.md): Cessna 500 · Horseshoe Bay, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 30, 1998 · N9AX · Substantial damage
  > the entrance of deer onto the runway, which resulted in an unavoidable impact. Darknes was a related factor.
- [NTSB LAX98LA082](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA082.md): Piper PA-34-200T · Chinle, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 29, 1998 · N47744 · Substantial damage
  > the airport personnel's failure to provide an adequate perimeter barrier to prevent animals from entering the runway area. A factor in the accident was the dark night lighting conditions which hindered the pilot's ability to detect animals on the runway…
- [NTSB FTW98LA110](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA110.md): Aviat A-1 · Buena Vista, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 28, 1998 · N503MZ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. Factors were the crosswind changing to a tailwind, and the pilot's lack of experience in the type of aircraft.
- [NTSB FTW98LA108](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA108.md): Cessna 340 · Wagoner, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 28, 1998 · N340CK · Substantial damage
  > the entrance of deer onto the runway, which resulted in an unavoidable impact. Darkness was a related factor.
- [NTSB IAD98LA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98LA024.md): Kaman K-1200 · Bloomfield, CT · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 27, 1998 · N135KA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control during autorotation, which resulted in an unleveled attitude touchdown, roll over, and collision with the ground.
- [NTSB CHI98LA088](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA088.md): Cessna 310Q · Kenosha, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 26, 1998 · N8189Q · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to lower the landing gear and to properly align the airplane with the runway. Factors associated with the accident were: the inoperative gear warning, degraded aircraft performance, the pilot's diverted attention, the pilot's decision to…
- [NTSB LAX98LA077](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA077.md): Pitts S1 · Prescott, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 25, 1998 · N28K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft.
- [NTSB CHI98LA087](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA087.md): Piper J3C · Mankato, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 25, 1998 · N110RR · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind conditions and not maintaining proper alignment. Factors contributing to the accident were the snow covered terrain and the lack of depth perception it produced.
- [NTSB FTW98LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA106.md): Piper PA-32RT-300 · Taos, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 24, 1998 · N376AA · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB LAX98LA081](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA081.md): Cessna 340A · Groveland, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 23, 1998 · N41NR · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the brake line as a result of inadequate maintenance.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=284

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=283

---
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