# NTSB investigations: Landing NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports. Page 285 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases ## Cases, newest first - [NTSB ATL98LA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98LA015.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Lawrenceville, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 25, 1997 · N39995 · Substantial damage > failure of the student pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane, during the landing roll. - [NTSB FTW98LA057](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA057.md): Cessna 172M · Mesquite, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 24, 1997 · N80831 · Substantial damage > the pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions and failure to maintain directional control of the airplane, while landing. The gusty crosswind was a related factor. - [NTSB ATL98LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98LA022.md): Christen Industries S-2B · Fort Lauderdale, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 23, 1997 · N317JK · Substantial damage > The undetermined malfunction of the right brake and the pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the landing rollout. A factor was the quartering tailwind. - [NTSB LAX98LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA042.md): Robinson R22 Beta · Long Beach, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 22, 1997 · N45SG · Substantial damage > the flight instructor's failure to thoroughly brief his student on the performance standards of the proposed autorotation and the method to be used for a positive transfer of controls. The student's failure to verify the performance standards of the… - [NTSB CHI98LA056](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA056.md): American AA-1 · Nevada, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 22, 1997 · N6214L · Substantial damage > a deer that ran onto the runway as the airplane was landing. The reduced light condition at dusk was a related factor. - [NTSB CHI98LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA043.md): Piper PA-28RT-201T · Janesville, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 22, 1997 · N8315S · Substantial damage > the dual student's failure to obtain the proper touchdown point, and the instructor's failure to provide adequate supervision of the flight. Factors associated with the accident were: inadequate altitude, the student's diverted attention, the snowbank, and… - [NTSB CHI98LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA042.md): Mooney M20K · Eden Prairie, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 21, 1997 · N252A · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper decision to continue the approach beyond decision height, when he could not see the runway; and his attempt to land without being properly aligned on the runway. Factors relating to this accident were: darkness, fog and and runway lights. - [NTSB ATL98LA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98LA011.md): Beech 60 · Athens, GA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 21, 1997 · N202RS · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper in-flight planning/decision by attempting to land in weather that was below minimums, and his failure to attain a suitable touchdown point on the runway. Weather below landing minimums was a related factor. - [NTSB NYC98LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC98LA030.md): Piper PA-28-160 · Mount Holly, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 19, 1997 · N5189W · Substantial damage > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll. - [NTSB NYC98LA029](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC98LA029.md): Beech E33A · Westminster, MD · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 19, 1997 · N7027N · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper in-flight planning/decision, his misjudgment of speed and distance while on final approach to land, and his delay in aborting the landing after failing to attain a proper touchdown point for landing. - [NTSB MIA98LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA027.md): Naval Aircraft Factory N3N-3 · Spruce Pine, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 18, 1997 · N45018 · Substantial damage > The unintentional locking-up of the left brake for undetermined reasons resulting in the on ground loss of control. Contributing to the accident was the inability of the pilot to maintain directional control. - [NTSB NYC98LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC98LA028.md): Beech 65-A90 · Wheeling, WV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 14, 1997 · N80GP · Substantial damage > the failure of the pilot to maintain the minimum required airspeed while operating in icing conditions which resulted in ice accumulations and an inadvertent stall while on approach. Factors were the icing conditions and the pilot's lack of experience in the… - [NTSB CHI98LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA039.md): Beech C23 · Cameron, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 14, 1997 · N6711C · Substantial damage > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane in the landing flare. A factor relating to this accident was the crosswind. - [NTSB NYC98LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC98LA027.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Pittstown, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 13, 1997 · N2973Y · Substantial damage > the pilot's misjudgment of distance and speed during the approach, and her failure to perform a go-around. - [NTSB LAX98LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA036.md): Cessna 172RG · San Diego, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 12, 1997 · N9451D · Substantial damage > Overload of the main gear actuator piston and the subsequent collapse of the landing gear. - [NTSB MIA98LA026](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA026.md): Cessna 172I · Cummings, GA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 9, 1997 · N46029 · Substantial damage > the pilot landed the airplane with a tailwind condition, too long and too fast for the runway conditions. - [NTSB LAX98LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA034.md): Globe GC-1B · Los Angeles, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 8, 1997 · N3232K · Substantial damage > The pilot's loss of directional control due to an inadvertent ground loop resulting from a deflated tire. - [NTSB MIA98FA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98FA025.md): Fokker F100 · Charlotte, NC · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 7, 1997 · N865US · Substantial damage > Improper written instructions (job/task card) by company maintenance personnel. The procedures did not reflect the correct manufactures maintenance manual servicing procedure, and did not ensure that the proper tool (replenishing gun) was available for the… - [NTSB IAD98LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98LA010.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Farmingdale, NY · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 4, 1997 · N1469X · Substantial damage > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control and his inadequate compensation for the wind condition. A factor was the cross wind condition. - [NTSB MIA98LA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA032.md): Piper PA-28-151 · Clarksville, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 3, 1997 · N4502X · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare and touchdown. - [NTSB MIA98LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA022.md): Cessna 172 · Crystal River, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 3, 1997 · N4105F · Substantial damage > The certified flight instructors improper supervision of the rated pilot during a crosswind landing resulting in an in-flight collision with the left wing of the airplane and the runway, subsequent loss of directional control on landing rollout, and collision… - [NTSB LAX98LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA028.md): Cessna 172N · Payson, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 2, 1997 · N6585D · Substantial damage > The pilot's selection of a downwind direction to land and his failure to compensate for the quartering tailwind condition. - [NTSB FTW98LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA041.md): Cessna 172P · Tooele, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 1, 1997 · N96575 · Substantial damage > failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane, while landing. Factors related to the accident were: the pilot's improper flare for landing, his delay in attempting to go around (abort the landing), and the encounter with a runway marker… - [NTSB NYC98LA026](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC98LA026.md): Cessna 172M · Salisbury, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 30, 1997 · N1487V · Substantial damage > The student pilot's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing. - [NTSB FTW98LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA036.md): Cessna 172F · Hurley, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 29, 1997 · N8714U · Substantial damage > the student pilot's failure to adequately compensate for the wind conditions. Factors included the gusty crosswind conditions and inadequate supervision of the student pilot's solo flight by his flight instructor. - [NTSB LAX98LA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA024.md): Cessna 152 · Prescott, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 28, 1997 · N49788 · Substantial damage > The student's inadvertent application of left brake during touchdown, and the instructor's inadequate supervision of the flight. - [NTSB FTW98LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA035.md): Pilatus PC-6 · Lexington, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 28, 1997 · N19TX · Substantial damage > the pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area. A factor relating to the accident was: the uneven terrain (with swales) at the edge of the landing area. - [NTSB ATL98FA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98FA008.md): Cessna 402B · Tampa, FL · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Oct 27, 1997 · N69293 · Substantial damage > The pilot's failure to follow the landing checklist and extend the landing gear for landing, and his failure to maintain VMC during a go-around. Factors were: the pilot's diverted attention due to a non-stabilized instrument approach and his lack of recent… - [NTSB IAD98LA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98LA008.md): Cessna 152 · Lincoln Park, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 26, 1997 · N4950A · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare during touchdown, which resulted in a hard landing and subsequent encounter with terrain. - [NTSB ANC98LA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA007.md): Piper PA-12 · Anchorage, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 26, 1997 · N4380M · Substantial damage > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area. - [NTSB IAD98LA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98LA011.md): Silvaire Luscombe 8B · Bluefield, WV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 25, 1997 · N5PL · Substantial damage > The pilot failed to maintain control of the airplane. - [NTSB FTW98LA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA032.md): Cessna 177 · Boerne, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 25, 1997 · N2971X · Destroyed > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the aborted landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a porpoise; his lack of total experience in the… - [NTSB LAX98LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA023.md): Cessna 182Q · Hamburg, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 24, 1997 · N759TA · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing and overload failure of the nose gear. High terrain (obstruction) near the approach end of the runway was a related factor. - [NTSB LAX98LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA019.md): Piper PA-24-250 · Fullerton, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 23, 1997 · N8203P · Substantial damage > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during landing roll, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve and subsequent damage to the airplane. - [NTSB LAX98LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA018.md): Cessna 152 · Torrance, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 23, 1997 · N89257 · Substantial damage > failure of the student pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane during a touch-and-go landing, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve, an encounter with soft terrain, and a nose over. The sudden gust of wind was a related factor. - [NTSB FTW98LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA027.md): Helio H-800 · Ogden, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 20, 1997 · N40013 · Substantial damage > failure of the tail wheel assembly, which rendered the aircraft uncontrollable during landing roll. - [NTSB ATL98LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98LA005.md): Mooney M20C · Hendersonville, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 20, 1997 · N3426X · Substantial damage > The undetermined malfunction of the nose gear steering assembly that resulted in the loss of directional control during a full stop landing. A factor was the rough and uneven runway condition.. - [NTSB FTW98LA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA025.md): Beech A36TC · Stratford, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 19, 1997 · N42AM · Substantial damage > The pilot's failure to maintain the proper glidepath with the airplane resulting in the airplane not touching down at the proper touchdown point on the runway. A factor was the unfavorable winds. - [NTSB FTW98LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA023.md): Cessna 152 · Norman, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 18, 1997 · N93116 · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a porpoise and subsequent collapse of the nose gear. - [NTSB CHI98LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA019.md): Piper J3L-65 · Reeseville, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 18, 1997 · N33252 · Substantial damage > failure of the normal braking system, due to a low level of brake fluid. Factors relating to the accident were: inadequate inspection of the aircraft by other maintenance personnel, the pilot's failure to check the brakes after brake maintenance/inspection,… - [NTSB MIA98LA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA012.md): Robinson R22 Beta · Pompano Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 17, 1997 · N333PH · Substantial damage > The improper use of collective control by the dual student which prevented the flight instructor from stopping an uncontrolled roll to the left. - [NTSB SEA98LA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98LA002.md): Piper PA-22-150 · Challis, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 16, 1997 · N7507D · Substantial damage > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing. Factors were inattention and fatigue. - [NTSB LAX98LA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA012.md): Mikoyan MiG MIG 15UTI · Reno, NV · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 16, 1997 · N17KM · Substantial damage > The pilot's misjudged landing flare and improper bounced landing recovery technique. - [NTSB FTW98LA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA020.md): Cessna 180J · Chama, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 16, 1997 · N7527K · Substantial damage > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during its landing roll. Encounter with an embankment (dirt bank) was a related factor. - [NTSB NYC98LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC98LA014.md): Cessna 152 · Piqua, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 15, 1997 · N6154Q · Substantial damage > The student pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind condition. A factor in this accident was the crosswind condition. - [NTSB LAX98LA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA011.md): Cessna 170A · Quincy, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 12, 1997 · N9212A · Substantial damage > loss of directional control due to a severe tail wheel vibration, which was induced by an improperly installed and adjusted tail wheel assembly. - [NTSB LAX98LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA010.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Lanai City, HI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 12, 1997 · N836FC · Destroyed > Interference on the controls by the passenger as the aircraft neared touchdown, and the pilot's failure to adequately brief and supervise the passenger on the use and relinquishing of the flight controls. A factor in the accident was the intentional control… - [NTSB ANC98LA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA002.md): Cessna 182B · Palmer, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 12, 1997 · N7269E · Substantial damage > The pilot misjudging the touchdown point, which resulted in landing short of the sand bar and the airplane nosing over. - [NTSB NYC98LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC98LA010.md): Sukhoi SU-29 · Williamstown, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 11, 1997 · N929CB · Substantial damage > The pilot misjudged his altitude and airspeed. - [NTSB LAX98LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA005.md): Balloon Works Firefly 11 · Rancho Bernardo, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 11, 1997 · N2585Z · Minor damage > The pilot's intentional flight in high wind conditions and his improper in-flight planning. Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=286 ## The whole list in SQL Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS: ```sql WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')), crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')), current_codes AS ( SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code, row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*' AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982")) ), phases AS ( SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1 UNION ALL SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode" WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes) ), case_phases AS ( SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1 WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names) ) SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1 WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550) ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC ``` This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=285 --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.