# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 292 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB MIA97LA150](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA150.md): Piper PA-12 · Key Largo, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 27, 1997 · N4141M · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control during a crosswind landing, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve and collision with bushes and terrain.
- [NTSB LAX97LA169](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA169.md): Cameron N-77 · Temecula, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 27, 1997 · N16067 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's misjudgment of his speed and altitude, which led to a landing overshoot.
- [NTSB CHI97LA118](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA118.md): Hughes 269A · Council Bluffs, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 27, 1997 · N1040S · Substantial damage
  > failure of the student pilot to maintain directional control, inadequate supervision by the flight instructor (CFI), and subsequent failure of the pilot(s) to properly flare the helicopter during a hover autorotation.
- [NTSB SEA97LA092](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA092.md): Cessna 152 · Ilwaco, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 26, 1997 · N152TM · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to land the aircraft at the proper touchdown point. Factors include inadequate preflight planning/preparation by the student pilot, inadequate supervision by the student pilot's flight instructor, rain, fog, strong crosswinds, a…
- [NTSB ANC97LA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA069.md): Piper PA-31-350 · Selawik, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 26, 1997 · N59985 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to extend the landing gear. A factor associated with the accident was the pilot's diverted attention while in the landing pattern.
- [NTSB MIA97LA149](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA149.md): Boeing B75N1 · Huntersville, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 24, 1997 · N133R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain a visual lookout on landing rollout, resulting in an on-ground collision with a known obstacle (ditch) and subsequent nose over.
- [NTSB LAX97LA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA166.md): Cessna 172N · Chandler, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 24, 1997 · N733PM · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's encounter with crosswind gusts beyond the performance capability of the aircraft. A lack of crosswind limit information published in the Cessna 172N Pilot's Operating Handbook for landing and taxiing operations is a factor in the accident.
- [NTSB CHI97LA113](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA113.md): Cessna 185 · Pella, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 24, 1997 · N4641E · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of an unsuitable area for the landing. A factor relating to the accident was: the soft landing surface of the farm strip.
- [NTSB MIA97LA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA145.md): Piper PA-32R-300 · Augusta, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 23, 1997 · N1321H · Substantial damage
  > flight by the pilot into known adverse weather conditions, which resulted in a loss of aircraft control during the landing flare, and collision with the terrain. The adverse weather with nearby thunderstorm activity, crosswind, and gusts was a related factor.
- [NTSB FTW97LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA164.md): Cessna 150F · Norman, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 21, 1997 · N3101X · Substantial damage
  > Improper flare.
- [NTSB FTW97LA163](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA163.md): Cessna 172P · Mckinney, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 21, 1997 · N54153 · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's failure to maintain directional control on the ground after recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB ANC97LA060](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA060.md): Cessna 180K · Soldotna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 21, 1997 · N64337 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for cross conditions and failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. A factor relating to the accident was: the variable/gusty/crosswind condition.
- [NTSB IAD97LA068](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD97LA068.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Wellsville, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 20, 1997 · N2477K · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper flare, improper recovery from a bounced landing, and loss of directional control, during the landing.
- [NTSB CHI97LA108](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA108.md): Aerostar RXS-8 · Sioux Falls, SD · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 20, 1997 · N71493 · No damage
  > the ground crewmember failed to maintain visual contact with the balloon, while it was landing. A factor relating to the accident was: the ground crewmember allowed her attention to be diverted while keeping a child out of harms way.
- [NTSB SEA97LA091](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA091.md): Beech 65-A90 · West Jordan, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 19, 1997 · N616AS · Substantial damage
  > landing gear collapsed for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB CHI97LA111](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA111.md): Cessna 177 · Rantoul, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 19, 1997 · N3489T · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI97LA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA107.md): Maule MX-7-180 · Lakeville, MN · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 19, 1997 · N5666N · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind.
- [NTSB ANC97LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA059.md): Cessna 170 · Delta Junction, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 19, 1997 · N4217V · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane.
- [NTSB IAD97LA066](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD97LA066.md): Globe GC-1-A · Wilmington, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1997 · N80523 · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing, which resulted in a collision with trees. Related factors were: the crosswind, and lack of experience in the make and model of airplane.
- [NTSB ANC97LA057](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA057.md): Bellanca 8GCBC · Palmer, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1997 · N333HT · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate preflight, and a foreign object (can) that became jammed under the rudder pedal, which resulted in an inadvertent activation of the right brake.
- [NTSB LAX97LA162](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA162.md): North American SNJ-5 · Mesa, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 17, 1997 · N9013A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind condition, and his failure to maintain directional control during landing. Factors related to the accident were: the crosswind, and the pilot's inadvertent unlocking of the tail wheel during a wheel…
- [NTSB ANC97LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA058.md): Cessna 185F · Manley, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 17, 1997 · N8310Q · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for crosswind conditions and failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing run. Factors relating to the accident were: frozen terrain, adverse wind condition, and proximity of a snowbank.
- [NTSB SEA97LA087](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA087.md): Cessna A185E · Billings, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 16, 1997 · N70194 · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's inadequate compensation for the wind conditions. The crosswind conditions were a factor.
- [NTSB NYC97LA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA078.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Belmar, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 16, 1997 · N321HP · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper decision to taxi off the runway into sand after the nose gear collapsed. A factor in the accident was the student pilot's improper flare.
- [NTSB NYC97LA077](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA077.md): Cessna 172N · Lincoln Park, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 16, 1997 · N1405E · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing which resulted in a hard landing, collapsed nose gear, loss of directional control, and subsequent nose over.
- [NTSB NYC97LA075](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA075.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Butler, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 15, 1997 · N21123 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudgment of distance and speed on final approach; his failure to attain the proper touchdown point; and his failure to perform a go-around, while there was still sufficient airspeed and runway remaining, which resulted in an overrun and…
- [NTSB FTW97TA162](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97TA162.md): Hughes OH-6A · Marfa, TX · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Apr 15, 1997 · N6638P · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper touchdown, and the designated examiner's inadequate supervision. The light condition at dusk was a related factor.
- [NTSB CHI97LA112](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA112.md): Luscombe 8E · Wautoma, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 15, 1997 · N26SH · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper use of the throttle. Factors were a crosswind and soft terrain.
- [NTSB LAX97LA159](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA159.md): Head Balloons AX8-88 · San Diego, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 14, 1997 · N380P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's decision to increase sink rate to avoid flying into an obstacle with insufficient altitude remaining to reduce the sink rate prior to impact with the ground.
- [NTSB SEA97LA090](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA090.md): Taylorcraft BC12-65 · Plentywood, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 13, 1997 · N33976 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate recovery from a bounced landing and failure to maintain control of the airplane. Factors relating to the accident included: the pilot's lack of recent experience in the tailwheel aircraft, his inadequate recurrent training, and…
- [NTSB NYC97LA074](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA074.md): I.C.A. Brasov IS-28B2 · Waynesboro, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 13, 1997 · N2781H · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing.
- [NTSB MIA97LA136](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA136.md): Diamond Aircraft Industries DA 20-A1 · Hollywood, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 13, 1997 · N124MF · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the landing/go-around, which led to subsequent in-flight collision with a fixed object (approach light/light bar/sign) and terrain. The student's failure to obtain the proper touchdown point…
- [NTSB MIA97LA129](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA129.md): Cessna 172N · Lawrenceville, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 10, 1997 · N4874D · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control during a crosswind landing. The winds were a factor.
- [NTSB NYC97LA072](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA072.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Vincentown, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 9, 1997 · N9768C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control, which resulted in an on ground loss of control. A contributing factor was a crosswind.
- [NTSB MIA97LA131](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA131.md): Piper PA-34-200 · Stuart, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 9, 1997 · N2HS · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during a crosswind landing. Factors were the crosswind and his improper level off.
- [NTSB LAX97LA152](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA152.md): Cessna 172N · Prescott, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 9, 1997 · N8123E · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind condition, and his failure to maintain proper runway alignment.
- [NTSB MIA97LA116](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA116.md): Rosen ONE Design · Lakeland, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 7, 1997 · N213JR · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB LAX97LA144](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA144.md): Aero Commander 100 · Knights Landing, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 7, 1997 · N87770 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain minimum control airspeed during the approach. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's failure to maintain directional control after landing.
- [NTSB ANC97LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA048.md): Piper PA-31-T3 · Stebbins, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 7, 1997 · N218CS · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's decision to continue VFR into IMC. Factors associated with the accident are fog/obscuration, and the pilot's failure to initiate a go-around earlier in the approach.
- [NTSB LAX97LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA153.md): Piper PA-34-200T · Healdsburg, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 6, 1997 · N8188X · Substantial damage
  > The loss of pressure in the landing gear normal brake system for undetermined reasons requiring the pilot to make an intentional ground loop to stop the aircraft.
- [NTSB CHI97LA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA100.md): Cessna 172K · Olathe, KS · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 6, 1997 · N46311 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper inflight planning/decision and exceeding the airplane recommended crosswind component. Factors associated with this accident were the weather conditions of a high wind, gusts, and a crosswind.
- [NTSB MIA97LA128](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA128.md): Cessna 172M · Tampa, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 5, 1997 · N1385U · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper compensation for wind conditions and failure to properly flare the airplane for landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the gusty/quartering wind conditions, and the pilot's improper use of flaps for landing.
- [NTSB LAX97LA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA145.md): Beech B-60 · Big Bear City, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 5, 1997 · N22FS · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's decision to land with a tail wind condition, and a failure to attain the proper touchdown point which resulted in an overrun.
- [NTSB FTW97LA155](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA155.md): Cessna T210N · Silver City, NM · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 5, 1997 · N4864U · Substantial damage
  > The high wind and the pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind conditions. Factors were the crosswind and wind gusts.
- [NTSB MIA97LA117](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA117.md): North American T6G · Wilmington, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 4, 1997 · N44FL · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control on landing. Factors were: the crosswind and the pilot's lack of experience in type airplane.
- [NTSB CHI97LA099](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA099.md): Piper PA-22 · Oshkosh, WI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 4, 1997 · N9231D · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind conditions, and his failure to maintain proper runway alignment, which resulted in a subsequent nose over. The gusty crosswind condition was a related factor.
- [NTSB MIA97LA114](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA114.md): Cessna 150G · St. Petersburg, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 3, 1997 · N2402J · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper level off.
- [NTSB CHI97LA098](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA098.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Lafayette, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 3, 1997 · N6148H · Substantial damage
  > a fatigue failure of the fight main landing gear strut/spar attachment screws.
- [NTSB ANC97TA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97TA045.md): Piper PA-18 · Noatak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Apr 1, 1997 · N4500W · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane, which resulted in an inadvertent ground loop and damage to the airplane. Factors associated with the accident were: the ice/snow covered runway, and the pilot's lack of experience in the…
- [NTSB ANC97LA050](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA050.md): Cessna 170 · Manley Hot Sprn, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 31, 1997 · N4549C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area. A factor was the soft snow.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=293

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=292

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