# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 294 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB LAX97LA101](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA101.md): Cessna 210H · Big Bear City, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 8, 1997 · N6137F · Substantial damage
  > a corroded landing gear down limit switch, which resulted in a retracted left main gear during the landing sequence.
- [NTSB DCA97LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA97LA027.md): Airbus Industrie A-300-600R · St John Antigua, Antigua & Barbuda · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 6, 1997 · N41063 · Substantial damage
  > The captain failed to establish and maintain a stabilized approach (or perform a go-around), and applied excessive pitch rotation during the subsequent recovery from a bounced landing, resulting in a tail strike. A factor contributing to the accident was the…
- [NTSB ATL97LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97LA038.md): Beech 23 · Palatka, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 3, 1997 · N2379L · Substantial damage
  > failure of the nose gear for undetermined reason(s).
- [NTSB NYC97LA052](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA052.md): Piper J3C-65 · Cincinnati, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 2, 1997 · N30598 · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's inadequate supervision and delayed remedial reaction which resulted in the loss of directional control by the student pilot during the landing roll out.
- [NTSB CHI97LA063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA063.md): Beech B200 · Marshall, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 2, 1997 · N66404 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot inadvertently putting the gear selector switch in the up position during landing.
- [NTSB MIA97LA079](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA079.md): Beech V35 · Orlando, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 1, 1997 · N599T · Substantial damage
  > loss of engine power for undetermined reason(s). Trees in the emergency landing area were a related factor.
- [NTSB CHI97LA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA061.md): Cessna 182K · El Dorado, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 1, 1997 · N2898R · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. A factor relating to the accident was: the ditch, which the airplane contacted.
- [NTSB LAX97LA095](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA095.md): Cessna 172RG · Corona, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 28, 1997 · N80138 · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot in command to follow the airplane's before landing checklist and verify the landing gear was fully extended before landing. Factors in the accident were anxiety and diversion of the pilot's attention due to fuel gauge readings.
- [NTSB CHI97LA066](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA066.md): Cessna 414 · Springfield, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 27, 1997 · N414AM · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's continued flight into known icing conditions with an inadequate windscreen deicing system and the diminished visual lookout. Factors were the icing weather conditions and the windscreen ice.
- [NTSB SEA97LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA053.md): Cessna 170B · Toledo, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 26, 1997 · N4590C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's excessive application of the brakes on a tailwheel equipped aircraft. Factors include the pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions, and a crosswind blowing at the time of the landing.
- [NTSB IAD97IA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD97IA045.md): Cessna 402C · Provincetown, MA · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Jan 25, 1997 · N121PB · Minor damage
  > the pilot's inadequate inflight planning/decision, and his misjudgment of speed and distance. Related factors were: fog, tailwind, and soft terrain on the overrun area at the end of the runway.
- [NTSB NYC97LA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA047.md): Cessna 650 · Wilkes-Barre, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 24, 1997 · N777LF · Substantial damage
  > The collapse of the left main landing gear as a result of the malfunction of the downlock actuator for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB FTW97LA093](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA093.md): Cessna 180K · Valentine, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 22, 1997 · N19694 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point, and the excessive airspeed during the approach and landing. A factor was the dirt bank paralleling the airstrip.
- [NTSB CHI97LA065](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA065.md): Cessna 182J · Gaylord, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 21, 1997 · N3128F · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind conditions which resulted in a failure to maintain proper runway alignment. Factors associated with the accident were: the gusty, crosswind condition, the pilot's failure to perform a go-around, and the…
- [NTSB CHI97LA057](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA057.md): Beech 300 · Bloomington, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 21, 1997 · N404EW · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's excessive distance/speed during the landing which led to his failure to attain a proper touchdown point on the runway. The factors involved were: the pilot's inadequate in-flight planning/decision, his failure proceed to the destination airport,…
- [NTSB LAX97FA091](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97FA091.md): McDonnell Douglas MD600N · Flagstaff, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jan 18, 1997 · N9202L · Destroyed
  > failure of the manufacturer to follow its directive to develop corrective measures in response to known accident data, and their failure to ensure that pertinent information (in engineering department) was communicated to the test pilot and flight test…
- [NTSB IAD97LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD97LA042.md): Cessna 310F · Bridgeport, CT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 17, 1997 · N1761G · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions, and his failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll. Related factors were: the pilot's misunderstanding of the wind conditions, and the resultant quartering tail wind.
- [NTSB CHI97LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA053.md): Learjet 24 · Muscatine, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 16, 1997 · N991TD · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control. A factor was the snow covered runway edge.
- [NTSB LAX97LA090](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA090.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Chandler, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 15, 1997 · N4101E · Substantial damage
  > failure of the student pilot to maintain directional control of the aircraft, and the flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the flight. The student's diverted attention was a related factor.
- [NTSB ANC97LA021](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA021.md): Hefty Polar CUB · Anchorage, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 15, 1997 · N62905 · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain sufficient altitude/clearance from a snow berm during the landing. The snow berm and flat light conditions were related factors.
- [NTSB ANC97LA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA020.md): Cessna 140 · Gustavus, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 13, 1997 · N2400N · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing. The soft terrain was a related factor.
- [NTSB NYC97LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA042.md): Cessna 152 · Marlboro, NJ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 12, 1997 · N48693 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a hard landing and collapse of the nose gear. A factor relating to the accident was: the pilot's failure to perform a go-around.
- [NTSB ANC97LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA018.md): Cessna 182 · Skwentna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 11, 1997 · N8591T · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of an unsuitable area (terrain) for landing. A factor relating to the accident was: excessive snow cover on the airstrip.
- [NTSB LAX97LA085](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA085.md): Mooney M20K · Van Nuys, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 9, 1997 · N305NH · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft during landing rollout.
- [NTSB FTW97LA079](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA079.md): Hughes 369HS · Wellington, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 7, 1997 · N9089F · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the aircraft and his improper autorotation technique that induced the roll and subsequent ground collision. A factor was his lack of recurrent training.
- [NTSB FTW97LA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA078.md): Consolidated Aeronautics Lake LA-4-200 · Channelview, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 6, 1997 · N6203V · Substantial damage
  > Loss of aircraft control due to the pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind. Factors were the crosswind, and the muddy terrain.
- [NTSB SEA97LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA042.md): Cessna 150K · Helena, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 4, 1997 · N5935G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB FTW97TA075](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97TA075.md): Cessna 182Q · Cleburne, TX · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jan 4, 1997 · N4732N · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions, and his failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. Factors relating to the accident were: the crosswind, and the dirt bank which was parallel to the runway.
- [NTSB FTW97LA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA076.md): Cessna 140A · Albuquerque, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 4, 1997 · N3799V · Substantial damage
  > The fracture of the right main landing gear for an undetermined reason.
- [NTSB NYC97LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA041.md): Bell 206A · Linden, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 3, 1997 · N555SJ · Substantial damage
  > the pilot allowing the rotor RPM to decay and his failure to take remedial action in time to recover the autorotation.
- [NTSB ATL97LA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97LA032.md): Cessna 172N · Anderson, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 2, 1997 · N1445E · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor was the pilot's improper level off.
- [NTSB MIA97LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA058.md): Waco WMF-5 · Kissimmee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 1, 1997 · N14128 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain direction control of the airplane after applying the brakes. A factor was the pilot's lack of familiarity with this make and model airplane.
- [NTSB CHI97LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA049.md): Gates Learjet LR35 · Kansas City, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 1, 1997 · N8040A · Substantial damage
  > the flightcrew's excessive airspeed and failure to attain a proper touchdown point on the runway. Factors were: the fog, wet runway, tailwind and improper procedures by the flight crew.
- [NTSB MIA97LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA053.md): Pacheco Searey · Key Biscayne, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 31, 1996 · N91036 · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to retract the landing gear before landing the amphibious airplane in water. The pilot's lack of experience/certification/training in seaplanes was a possible factor.
- [NTSB ATL97LA031](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97LA031.md): Cessna 310Q · Selma, AL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 30, 1996 · N7561Q · Substantial damage
  > The failure of maintenance personnel to correctly repair and install the pilot's seat.
- [NTSB IAD97LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD97LA036.md): Cessna 172N · Manville, NJ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 27, 1996 · N738UW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to perform a go-around, and his failure to retract the flaps in increments.
- [NTSB CHI97LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA048.md): Cessna 402A · Menominee, MI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 27, 1996 · N337PL · Substantial damage
  > ice restricting normal brake system, normal braking not possible for the pilot and the pilot's poor in-flight planning. A factor was the pilot not performing a flight to an alternate destination airport.
- [NTSB LAX97LA077](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA077.md): Cessna 140 · Emigrant Gap, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 25, 1996 · N76857 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudgment of altitude/clearance while attempting a precautionary landing on a closed, snow covered runway.
- [NTSB FTW97LA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA069.md): Aerostar RX-8 · Rio Rancho, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 22, 1996 · N6310T · Minor damage
  > The pilot's inadvertent flight into high wind.
- [NTSB LAX97LA074](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA074.md): Cessna 152 · Phoenix, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 21, 1996 · N96049 · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in an inadvertent porpoise and subsequent overload failure of the nose gear.
- [NTSB FTW97LA068](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA068.md): Raven S-60A · Rio Rancho, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 21, 1996 · N4396K · No damage
  > The passenger's failure to follow recommended procedures to properly brace for a high wind landing. A factor was the windshear.
- [NTSB SEA97LA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA054.md): Cessna 182M · Vancouver, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 15, 1996 · N42694 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's touchdown with an excessive rate of descent. Factors included gusty crossiwnds.
- [NTSB CHI97LA044](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA044.md): Cessna 150 · Jeffersonville, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 15, 1996 · N66211 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudgment of the landing flare and inadequate airspeed, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CHI97LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA043.md): Cessna 170B · Savoy, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 14, 1996 · N2506C · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's failure to maintain directional control. Factors relating to this accident were the student pilot's failure to request another runway and the crosswind.
- [NTSB FTW97LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA059.md): Cessna 340 · El Dorado, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 11, 1996 · N999JW · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions. The gusty wind was a related factor.
- [NTSB MIA97LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA041.md): Piper PA-22-150 · Pensacola, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 10, 1996 · N6955D · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain directional control during the landing roll, which resulted in a ground swerve and subsequent collapse of the nose gear. The crosswind was a related factor.
- [NTSB FTW97LA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA061.md): Piper PA-24-400 · Broomfield, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 10, 1996 · N8450P · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain proper alignment with the runway, while landing. A factor relating to the accident was: the variable/gusty wind condition with possible windshear.
- [NTSB MIA97LA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA037.md): Cessna 150M · Knoxville, TN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 8, 1996 · N714LF · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper planning/decision, and his failure to maintain proper runway alignment during a crosswind landing. The strong crosswind was a related factor.
- [NTSB FTW97LA056](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA056.md): Beech A23 · Conway, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 7, 1996 · N3597R · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind during the landing, and his failure to remain clear of the tree during the attempted go-around. The crosswind and the proximity of the small tree were related factors.
- [NTSB CHI97LA040](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA040.md): Beech B55 · Park Rapids, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 6, 1996 · N17732 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's high flare. Factors were the icing weather condition and the airframe ice.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=295

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=294

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