# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 295 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB FTW97LA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA054.md): Let L23 · Bryan, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 2, 1996 · N290SB · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudged his distance and altitude during the landing approach. Factors relating to the accident were: the high obstructions (power lines), and subsequent tailwind during the forced landing.
- [NTSB FTW97LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA053.md): Bellanca 17-30A · Ruidoso, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 1, 1996 · N39812 · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain directional control during landing roll, and his delayed aborted landing. The gusty crosswind and blown left main tire were considered to be related factors.
- [NTSB LAX97LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA064.md): Cessna 172 · Big Bear City, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 29, 1996 · N1042G · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind condition, and his failure to maintain alignment with the runway. The gusty crosswind was a related factor.
- [NTSB FTW97LA052](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA052.md): Luscombe 8F · Floydada, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 29, 1996 · N1907K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind during landing. Factors were the crosswind and the locked left main wheel brake.
- [NTSB LAX97LA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA062.md): Cessna 182M · Fallbrook, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 28, 1996 · N70967 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of a runway with a tailwind component and his maintaining an excessive airspeed on final approach, which resulted in a late touchdown and a high ground speed.
- [NTSB ATL97LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97LA019.md): Cessna 175 · Soperton, GA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 26, 1996 · N7582M · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot either to attain the proper touch down point for landing or to abort the landing while there was sufficient runway remaining. The terrain (ditch) at the end of the runway was a related factor.
- [NTSB LAX97LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA053.md): Cessna 172P · Van Nuys, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 25, 1996 · N54686 · Substantial damage
  > improper flare by the pilot during the landing, and his improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a hard landing, dragged wing tip, and a collapsed main gear.
- [NTSB MIA97LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA030.md): Cessna 172N · Olive Branch, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 24, 1996 · N739ZA · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a ballooned/bounced landing. The gusty wind was a related factor.
- [NTSB MIA97LA029](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA029.md): Luscombe 8A · Charlotte, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 24, 1996 · N1378K · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot maintain directional control of the aircraft, while landing. The proximity of trees was a related factor.
- [NTSB CHI97IA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97IA034.md): Airbus Industrie A-320-211 · Romulus, MI · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Nov 24, 1996 · N310NW · No damage
  > restricted movement of the autopilot mode engagement/disengagement lever bearing in the rudder artificial feel and trim unit. A factor relating to this incident was: company management not implementing the respective service bulletin.
- [NTSB LAX97LA052](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA052.md): Cessna 152 · Redlands, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 23, 1996 · N6096Q · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper landing flare and recovery from a subsequent bounced landing.
- [NTSB LAX97FA050](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97FA050.md): Mooney M20J · Scottsdale, AZ · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 22, 1996 · N5766K · Destroyed
  > the pilot misjudged the landing flare and failed to maintain directional control after a hard bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI97LA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA032.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Hart, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 22, 1996 · N6804W · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control on rollout.
- [NTSB SEA97LA031](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA031.md): Cessna 152 · Salt Lake City, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 20, 1996 · N4713Q · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper in-flight planning/decision, which allowed his aircraft to encounter wake turbulence from a Lear Jet, and/or the student allowed the aircraft to stall. The crosswind component from the quartering headwind was a possible factor.
- [NTSB LAX97LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA048.md): Cessna 172P · Mesa, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 20, 1996 · N26FR · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudged landing flare and improper bounced landing recovery technique, which led to an inadvertent porpoise.
- [NTSB DCA97MA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA97MA009.md): Beech 1900C · Quincy, IL · Accident · 14 fatal · Class 1 · Major · Final report · Nov 19, 1996 · N87GL · 2 aircraft · Destroyed
  > the failure of the pilots in the King Air A90 to effectively monitor the common traffic advisory frequency or to properly scan for traffic, resulting in their commencing a takeoff roll when the Beech 1900C (United Express flight 5925) was landing on an…
- [NTSB CHI97LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA028.md): Piper PA-32R-301T · Lansing, IL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 17, 1996 · N8308V · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper planning/decision, and his failure to go around, while there was still sufficient runway remaining. The unfavorable wind condition was a related factor.
- [NTSB LAX97LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA043.md): Cessna T210L · Mesa, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 16, 1996 · N911JB · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft during the landing roll, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve.
- [NTSB FTW97LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA043.md): Cessna 170B · Manvel, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 15, 1996 · N25JM · Substantial damage
  > Loss of aircraft control due to the pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind. A factor was the crosswind.
- [NTSB IAD97IA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD97IA020.md): McDonnell Douglas MD-88 · Cleveland, OH · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Nov 12, 1996 · N918DL · Minor damage
  > The pilot's failure to follow checklist procedures and extend the spoilers.
- [NTSB CHI97LA026](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA026.md): Cessna 172P · Waukegan, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 12, 1996 · N55161 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor was the pilot's misjudging the flare.
- [NTSB MIA97LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA019.md): Beech A36 · Walnut Cove, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 9, 1996 · N8077M · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot/owner (PIC) to either go around while there was sufficient runway remaining or apply adequate braking to stop the aircraft before overrunning the runway. Factors relating to the accident were: the pilot/owner's misjudgment of distance and…
- [NTSB FTW97LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA038.md): Piper PA-18-125 · Westcliffe, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 9, 1996 · N1334A · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain directional control during the landing.
- [NTSB LAX97LA333](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA333.md): Mikoyan MiG MIG 15UTI · Fallon, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 6, 1996 · N271JM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged his altitude and airspeed. A related factor was his diverted attention.
- [NTSB NYC97LA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA012.md): Socata TB 9 Tampico · Laurens, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 4, 1996 · N5541C · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's selection of an unsuitable area for a precautionary landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the student becoming lost, the subsequent low fuel condition, and the embankment in the emergency landing area.
- [NTSB LAX97LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA034.md): McDonnell Douglas MD-600 · Flagstaff, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 4, 1996 · N630N · Substantial damage
  > An uncommanded main rotor blade to tail boom contact due to a 'blowback' phenomena after a successful preplanned autorotation by the pilot to a high density altitude airport with a test aircraft designed at a maximum gross weight.
- [NTSB SEA97LA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA024.md): Cessna A185E · Price, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 3, 1996 · N19EC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll.
- [NTSB CHI97LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA022.md): Galaxy AX8 · Columbia, MO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 3, 1996 · N5347S · No damage
  > the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the ditch, which was encountered during the landing; and high vegetation, which covered the ditch making it not visible to the pilot.
- [NTSB CHI97LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA019.md): Maule MX-7-235 · Hubbard Lake, MI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 3, 1996 · N56593 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions, and failure to maintain proper alignment with the airstreip during the go-around (aborted landing). The crosswind and proximity of trees were related factors.
- [NTSB NYC97LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA010.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Norwood, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 2, 1996 · N1216T · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to perform a go-around, when an animal obstructed the runway; and his failure to maintain clearance from an obstruction (VASI). Factors relating to the accident were: darkness, an animal (deer) on the runway, and the proximity of the…
- [NTSB CHI97LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA023.md): Cessna 150 · Minneapolis, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 2, 1996 · N3008J · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain on which to land the airplane. A factor relating with the accident was: the large rock, which the airplane contacted.
- [NTSB FTW97LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA041.md): Cessna 172RG · Tulsa, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 1, 1996 · N9520B · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the main landing gear pivot gear assembly.
- [NTSB FTW97LA031](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA031.md): Beech BE-19 · Mckinney, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 30, 1996 · N5102R · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate preflight planning/preparation, by selecting a seat/cushion that would not allow adequate knee clearance and ankle movement in the cockpit, which was subsequently attributed to the pilot's failure to maintain directional control during…
- [NTSB NYC97LA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA009.md): McDonnell Douglas MD-80 · Jamaica, NY · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 29, 1996 · N244AA · Minor damage
  > Failure of the nose landing gear upper lock link.
- [NTSB NYC97LA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA008.md): Cessna 172N · Hilton, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 26, 1996 · N5535R · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper soft field landing technique, which allowed a nose over during the landing rollout. Soft terrain was a related factor.
- [NTSB IAD97LA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD97LA013.md): Cessna 140 · Wakefield, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 26, 1996 · N83N · Substantial damage
  > uncommanded operation of the parking brake, due to a missing tension spring, which resulted in locked brakes and subsequent nose over of the airplane during landing.
- [NTSB FTW97LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA027.md): Bellanca 17-31ATC · Lubbock, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 26, 1996 · N444TL · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind. A factor was the crosswind.
- [NTSB SEA97LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA019.md): Cessna 170B · Utica, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 25, 1996 · N2419D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of the brakes, while landing a tailwheel aircraft in crosswind conditions. The crosswind was a related factor.
- [NTSB MIA97LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA042.md): Siai-Marchetti F206C · Kissimmee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 25, 1996 · N61FD · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudged the flare resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CHI97LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA014.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Jenison, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 25, 1996 · N1178X · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind conditions. A factor was the crosswind condition.
- [NTSB ATL97LA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97LA008.md): Cessna 152 · Macon, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 25, 1996 · N757CU · Substantial damage
  > premature flare by the dual student, and his improper remedial action to correct the flare; and inadequate supervision by the flight instructor (CFI).
- [NTSB FTW97LA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA025.md): Beech S35 · Jefferson, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 24, 1996 · N881T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point, and his failure to maintain clearance from the fence. A factor was the fence post.
- [NTSB ATL97LA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97LA017.md): Waco YMF5 · Punta Gorda, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 24, 1996 · N723SR · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare during touchdown.
- [NTSB CHI97LA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA013.md): Piper PA-18 · Alliance, NE · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 23, 1996 · N3939Z · Substantial damage
  > the instructor-pilot's inadequate supervision by not taking timely action after the student started losing directional control. A factor was the loss of directional control by the student pilot.
- [NTSB SEA97LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA018.md): Piper PA-22-150 · Ogden, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 21, 1996 · N3461A · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions, while landing, which resulted in a loss of directional control and an inadvertent ground swerve. The crosswind was a related factor.
- [NTSB SEA97TA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97TA012.md): Garlick UH-1H · Detroit, OR · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Oct 20, 1996 · N98NW · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudgement of rotor clearance from the terrain. The proximity of the berm was a related factor.
- [NTSB FTW97LA021](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA021.md): Hughes 369D · Watkins, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 19, 1996 · N34CM · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's improper decision to attempt a hovering autorotation during gusty wind conditions. A factor was the gusty wind.
- [NTSB FTW97LA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA024.md): Cessna 152 · Clinton, AR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 18, 1996 · N5463L · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, and his failure to obtain or maintain sufficient airspeed during the aborted landing, which resulted in an inadvertent stall and collision with the terrain.
- [NTSB LAX97LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA022.md): Cessna 152 · Imperial, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 17, 1996 · N48728 · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing rollout, which resulted in a ground swerve. Soft terrain on the shoulder of the runway was a related factor.
- [NTSB LAX97LA021](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA021.md): McDonnell Douglas 369E · Mesa, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 17, 1996 · N842LA · Substantial damage
  > the selection of an unsuitable landing area by the flight instructor (CFI). Factors relating to the accident were: soft/wet terrain in the selected landing area, and the crosswind condition.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=296

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=295

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