# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 297 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB ANC96LA143](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA143.md): Piper PA-18 · Gakona, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1996 · N7669D · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for gusty crosswind conditions, which resulted in a loss of directional control and subsequent collision with trees/brush. Factors relating to the accident were: the crosswind and wind gusts.
- [NTSB NYC96LA180](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA180.md): Beech 19 · Augusta, ME · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 1, 1996 · N2009A · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper flare, which resulted in at hard landing.
- [NTSB FTW96LA375](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA375.md): Hughes 269B · Frisco, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 1, 1996 · N9558F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper touchdown procedure.
- [NTSB FTW96LA374](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA374.md): Air Tractor AT-401 · Brownfield, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 1, 1996 · N1502F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing roll. A factor was the crosswind.
- [NTSB NYC96FA178](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96FA178.md): Cessna 177 · Youngstown, OH · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 31, 1996 · N2992X · Destroyed
  > the pilot's delay in aborting the landing, and his failure to attain adequate airspeed to fly out of ground effect, which resulted in a stall/mush and collision with the ground. Factors relating to the accident were: the pilot's improper recovery from a…
- [NTSB ANC96FA139](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96FA139.md): Cessna 206 · Yakutat, AK · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 31, 1996 · N7345N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's landing on the water with the landing gear inadvertently extended.
- [NTSB LAX96LA326](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA326.md): Bell 47-G5 · Riverside, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 30, 1996 · N57RA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inaccurate perception of altitude which resulted in an improper flare and subsequent hard landing, and non use of the landing light.
- [NTSB LAX96LA324](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA324.md): Cessna 172N · Auburn, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 29, 1996 · N9315E · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudged landing flare and improper bounced landing recovery. A contributing factor was his lack of recent flying experience.
- [NTSB LAX96LA316](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA316.md): Cessna 172F · Ocotillo, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 26, 1996 · N5543R · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain proper runway alignment. The sun glare and proximity of rocks were related factors.
- [NTSB ATL96LA125](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL96LA125.md): Cessna T303 · Senoia, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 26, 1996 · N420FC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight planning to ascertain the conditions of the runway. Factors were the wet, grass runway.
- [NTSB SEA96LA202](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA202.md): Piper J3C-65 · Mapleton, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1996 · N7127P · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB NYC96FA174](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96FA174.md): Lockheed L-1011-100 · Jamaica, NY · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1996 · N31031 · Substantial damage
  > failure of the flight crew to complete the published checklist and to adequately cross-check the actions of each other, which resulted in their failure to detect that the leading edge slats had not extended and led to the aircraft's tail contacting the runway…
- [NTSB MIA96LA217](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA217.md): Piper J3 · Aiken, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1996 · N2CE · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing; and his loss of directional control, which was followed by impact with trees.
- [NTSB CHI96LA337](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA337.md): Ercoupe 415-C · Wausau, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1996 · N94196 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area, and his misjudgment of distance and speed, while attempting to minimize the effect of crossing an uneven area on the runway. The uneven runway condition was a related factor.
- [NTSB LAX96LA314](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA314.md): Cessna 172M · Truckee, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1996 · N64198 · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's inadequate compensation for the existing crosswind condition and failure to maintain directional control. The encounter with a ditch was a related factor.
- [NTSB FTW96LA362](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA362.md): Cessna 172H · Durango, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1996 · N3782F · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flaring of the airplane at too high an altitude, resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB FTW96LA358](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA358.md): Piper PA-28-235 · Tulsa, OK · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1996 · N8565W · Substantial damage
  > low fluid level in the hydraulic reservoir, due to inadequate maintenance/inspection, which resulted in an inoperative brake system. Factors relating to the accident were: the down sloping runway, and trees at the departure end of the runway.
- [NTSB CHI96LA338](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA338.md): Cessna 175 · Dexter, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1996 · N8217T · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate short field landing procedure/technique. The tailwind and grass runway were related factors.
- [NTSB ATL96LA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL96LA124.md): Cessna 152 · Waycross, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1996 · N4982A · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare and recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB ANC96LA130](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA130.md): Maule M-7 · Palmer, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1996 · N897M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area.
- [NTSB SEA96LA205](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA205.md): Bell 206B · Greybull, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1996 · N206FT · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudged recovery (remedial action) from a simulated autorotation demonstration.
- [NTSB FTW96LA355](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA355.md): Cameron O-65 · Clinton, LA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1996 · N2035C · Minor damage
  > the instructor pilot's failure to follow recommended procedures to properly brace himself in preparation for landing.
- [NTSB SEA96LA200](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA200.md): Grumman-Schweizer G-164B · Waitsburg, WA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 22, 1996 · N7501Q · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions and failure to maintain control of the airplane after encountering a whirlwind during the landing.
- [NTSB CHI96LA315](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA315.md): Beech C-23 · Eden Prairie, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 21, 1996 · N18780 · Substantial damage
  > the instructor pilot delayed the remedial action and failed to maintain adequate supervision. The slow airspeed maintained by the student pilot was a factor.
- [NTSB CHI96LA311](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA311.md): Ercoupe 415-C · Cambridge, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 21, 1996 · N3607H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane while landing. A factor associated with the accident was the downdraft reported by the pilot.
- [NTSB SEA96LA191](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA191.md): Champion 7ECA · Lander, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1996 · N9542S · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll. Factors relating to the accident were: the variable and gusty wind conditions.
- [NTSB LAX96LA312](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA312.md): Ryan ST3KR · Vacaville, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1996 · N57011 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft during the landing rollout.
- [NTSB LAX96LA309](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA309.md): Cessna 195A · San Luis Obispo, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1996 · N4478C · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control, which resulted in a ground loop/swerve.
- [NTSB SEA96LA195](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA195.md): Cessna 182E · Grangeville, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 18, 1996 · N3270Y · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain proper runway alignment and clearance from a fence post during landing. Factors relating to the accident were: an animal (deer) on the approach end of the runway, an encounter with a downdraft, and a fence post near the edge…
- [NTSB FTW96LA354](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA354.md): Cessna 170B · Victoria, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 18, 1996 · N600JM · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll. A related factor was the rough/uneven terrain (gopher mound) on the grass runway.
- [NTSB CHI96LA305](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA305.md): Taylorcraft 19 · Shakopee, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 18, 1996 · N6630N · Substantial damage
  > failure of the right main landing gear shock strut due to internal corrosion. The restriction to inspection of the strut was a related factor.
- [NTSB NYC96LA170](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA170.md): Grumman American AA-1B · Tafton, PA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 17, 1996 · N9611L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgment of speed and distance during the landing.
- [NTSB CHI96LA302](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA302.md): Cessna 172 · Greenwood, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 17, 1996 · N6218F · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to obtain a proper touchdown point.
- [NTSB FTW96LA347](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA347.md): Cessna 150H · Fort Collins, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 16, 1996 · N6935S · Substantial damage
  > improper flare by the pilot, which resulted in a hard landing, and subsequent overload failure of the nosewheel axle and nose gear.
- [NTSB CHI96LA299](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA299.md): Piper PA-22 · Portland, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 16, 1996 · N2309A · Substantial damage
  > the aircraft ground looped when the pilot lost control of the aircraft during landing.
- [NTSB SEA96LA208](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA208.md): Cessna 150M · Paterson, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 15, 1996 · N3882V · Substantial damage
  > failure of the student pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane during a landing, which resulted in an uncontrolled ground loop/swerve. Factors relating to the accident were: the gusty crosswind condition, and soft terrain beside the runway.
- [NTSB MIA96LA213](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA213.md): Cessna 152 · Lantana, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 15, 1996 · N89405 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudged the flare, resulting in a hard landing, and the nose gear collapsing.
- [NTSB IAD96LA135](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD96LA135.md): Mooney M20F · Hanover, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 15, 1996 · N9103V · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's delay in aborting the landing. Factors related to the accident were: the lack of braking action on the wet grass runway, the pilot's lack of experience in the make and model of airplane, and the sign near the departure end of the runway.
- [NTSB CHI96LA297](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA297.md): Cessna 150 · Columbia, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1996 · N10645 · Substantial damage
  > the improper recovery from a bounced landing by the pilot in command. Factors were the gusty wind conditions, and the failure of the pilot to maintain aircraft control.
- [NTSB CHI96LA294](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA294.md): Cameron CIGPACK-80 · Columbia, MO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1996 · N4535W · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to see-and-avoid transmission (power) lines during the landing. Factors relating to the accident were: vegetation and trees, which obscured the pilot's view of the power lines.
- [NTSB SEA96LA197](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA197.md): Piper PA-22-150 · Challis, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 13, 1996 · N7507D · Substantial damage
  > corrosion in the left main landing gear cluster, which resulted in a failure of the left main landing gear. Inadequate inspection by undetermined maintenance personnel was a related factor.
- [NTSB SEA96LA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA190.md): Aviat A-1 · Worland, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 13, 1996 · N56LG · Substantial damage
  > overload failure of the landing gear axle, after its design stress limits had been exceeded at some undetermined time.
- [NTSB SEA96LA189](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA189.md): Piper PA-18 · Ephrata, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 13, 1996 · N8109Y · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain proper alignment with the landing area (driveway) during the landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the selection of an unsuitable area for landing, the reported turbulence during landing, and an encounter with a rock…
- [NTSB NYC96LA165](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA165.md): Piper PA-28-181 · West Kingston, RI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 1996 · N8121K · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudgment of distance and speed during the approach to land, and his failure to go around while there was still sufficient runway remaining, which resulted in an overrun of the runway and collision with trees. The lack of natural lighting at…
- [NTSB IAD96LA134](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD96LA134.md): Champion 7ECA · Ashland, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 11, 1996 · N2598G · Substantial damage
  > an undetermined braking anomaly and/or failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing.
- [NTSB NYC96LA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA166.md): Bellanca 7ECA · Bedford, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1996 · N5067C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions, and his failure to maintain directional control, which resulted in a ground loop/swerve. The variable wind condition was a related factor.
- [NTSB NYC96LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA164.md): Cessna 152 · Worcester, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1996 · N5431Q · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing, and his failure to maintain control of the airplane, which resulted in a nose over. His improper flare was a related factor.
- [NTSB LAX96LA304](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA304.md): Cessna 172N · Fullerton, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1996 · N42ES · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudged glide path and delayed remedial action by not promptly initiating a go-around. A contributing factor was the pilot's lack of experience flying the airplane.
- [NTSB SEA96LA184](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA184.md): Grumman American AA-5B · Rexburg, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 8, 1996 · N28765 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control. Factors relating to the accident were: the pilot's failure to verify whether the flaps had raised, the resultant premature lift-off, and trees on the adjacent golf course.
- [NTSB SEA96FA182](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96FA182.md): Cessna 182P · St. Anthony, ID · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 8, 1996 · N9136M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during a landing attempt. Factors included: probable dusk lighting conditions and no lights on the airstrip. Conributing to the pilot's injury severity was his failure to fasten his seat belt and shoulder…

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=298

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=297

---
OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.