# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 308 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB BFO95LA088](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO95LA088.md): Cessna 172G · Put-In-Bay, OH · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 26, 1995 · N3680L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's delay in aborting the landing after selecting the wrong runway. Factors relating to the accident were: garbled radio transmissions on the UNICOM frequency, and the resultant tailwind for landing.
- [NTSB CHI95LA296](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA296.md): Bradley DQ2 · Newton, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1995 · N8Q · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor was the aircraft's inadequate handling capability.
- [NTSB CHI95LA294](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA294.md): Cessna 152 · Ypsilanti, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1995 · N94891 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudged the flare. Lack of total experience was a factor.
- [NTSB ANC95LA148](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95LA148.md): Cessna 182 · Kenai, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1995 · N4728D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an inadequately prepared landing area.
- [NTSB BFO95LA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO95LA084.md): Bell 47D1 · Sidney, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 22, 1995 · N9115R · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's abrupt touchdown while landing in a field. Related factors are the student pilot's failure to attain the proper descent rate during the approach to landing, and the flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the student.
- [NTSB NYC95LA201](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA201.md): Cessna 310B · Monticello, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 21, 1995 · N661R · Substantial damage
  > fatigue failure of the right main landing gear during the landing, which resulted in a gear collapse, loss of directional control, and subsequent collision with an embankment.
- [NTSB CHI95LA292](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA292.md): Cessna TC206G · Orr, MN · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 21, 1995 · N9823Z · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to retract the landing gear prior to touchdown. A factor associated with the accident was the pilot's diverted attention.
- [NTSB NYC95LA200](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA200.md): Cessna 172M · Hopedale, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 20, 1995 · N8885V · Destroyed
  > the student pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a loss of control and collision with a fence and a building.
- [NTSB FTW95LA352](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA352.md): Cessna 172E · Alpine, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 20, 1995 · N5638T · 2 aircraft · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilots of both airplanes to see and avoid each other. A factor was the Cessna's inoperative radio.
- [NTSB BFO95LA090](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO95LA090.md): Insua L-21 · Petersburg, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 20, 1995 · N2446V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll.
- [NTSB NYC95LA199](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA199.md): Let Blanik L-13 · Mayville, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1995 · N69AS · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flight control input during the landing roll in high grass, which resulted in a ground loop and subsequent wingtip damage.
- [NTSB FTW95LA353](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA353.md): Beech 35N · Creede, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1995 · N149G · Substantial damage
  > Failure by the pilot to follow the checklist and lower the landing gear.
- [NTSB CHI95LA299](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA299.md): Stinson 108-3 · Tribune, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1995 · N6911M · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's use of excessive braking during the landing roll. A factor associated with the accident was the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll.
- [NTSB SEA95LA194](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95LA194.md): Cessna 421 · Creswell, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 18, 1995 · N3121K · Substantial damage
  > the company mechanic's failure to properly fabricate a fuel line.
- [NTSB NYC95LA198](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA198.md): Bell 206B · Bingham, ME · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 18, 1995 · N16915 · Destroyed
  > the pilot's inadequate landing flare resulting in a hard landing and roll over, and a subsequent collision with trees.
- [NTSB ANC95LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95LA153.md): Cessna 180 · Nikiski, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 17, 1995 · N9797G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing. Soft terrain and contamination in the left brake cylinder were related factors.
- [NTSB ANC95LA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95LA145.md): Piper PA-18A · Skwentna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 17, 1995 · N9067D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper planning/decision. A factor relating to the accident was: the pilot's selection of a short/uneven landing area that required excessive braking action while landing with a tailwind.
- [NTSB NYC95LA196](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA196.md): Cessna 150 · North East, PA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 16, 1995 · N5774E · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's delay in initiating an aborted landing and his failure to attain obstacle clearance.
- [NTSB CHI95LA282](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA282.md): Aeronca 7AC · Mount Vernon, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 16, 1995 · N83564 · Substantial damage
  > loss of aircraft control for an undetermined reason.
- [NTSB FTW95TA390](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95TA390.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Brackettville, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Aug 15, 1995 · N2357Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper compensation for wind conditions, and failure to maintain directional control. A factor relating to the accident was: the variable crosswind.
- [NTSB ANC95LA140](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95LA140.md): Cessna 185A · Teller, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 15, 1995 · N4145Y · Substantial damage
  > Deflation of the left main tundra tire due to valve stem damage (failure) when the tire rotated independently of the wheel rim, resulting in loss of directional control and a ground swerve.
- [NTSB NYC95LA193](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA193.md): Cessna 172 · Fulton, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1995 · N6338F · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudged the flare, resulting in a hard landing and subsequent collapse of the nose gear.
- [NTSB LAX95LA294](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA294.md): Thorp T18 · Sedona, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1995 · N8032Q · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's loss of directional control in gusty tail wind conditions during the landing roll.
- [NTSB FTW95LA341](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA341.md): Boeing B75N1 · Englewood, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1995 · N735YP · Substantial damage
  > Failure by the pilot to maintain directional control which resulted in a ground loop. A factor was crosswind.
- [NTSB CHI95LA276](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA276.md): Cessna A185E · Dickinson, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1995 · N47428 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind conditions, and his improper recovery from the bounced landing. The high wind was a factor.
- [NTSB ANC95LA138](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95LA138.md): Piper PA-32-301 · Togiak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1995 · N8212H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions and failure to maintain proper alignment with the intended point of landing. A factor relating to the accident was: the unfavorable wind condition.
- [NTSB MIA95LA202](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA95LA202.md): Cessna 150M · Knightdale, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 13, 1995 · N704ZQ · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain runway alignment. Contributing to the accident was the failure of the pilot to execute a go-around when he saw that he would not land on the runway.
- [NTSB CHI95LA268](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA268.md): Cessna 172 · Auburn, IN · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 13, 1995 · N162BA · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's impairment of judgement and performance due to alcohol which led to his failure to maintain control of the airplane.
- [NTSB NYC95LA187](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA187.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Norfolk, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 1995 · N8252W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgement of speed and distance during the landing, which resulted in a runway overrun. Factors relating to the accident were: heavy rain, wet runway, and hydroplaning conditions.
- [NTSB FTW95LA339](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA339.md): Reims Cessna FR182 · Lakeview, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 1995 · N34SJ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing, and failure to maintain directional control. Factors related to the accident were: the pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point or abort the landing.
- [NTSB CHI95LA270](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA270.md): Bell 47 · Arlington Hts, IL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 1995 · N4032G · Substantial damage
  > plot misjudged the flare. The factors included the pilot getting too close to the lead helicopter, allowing his airspeed to get too slow, and encountering settling with power.
- [NTSB ATL95LA157](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL95LA157.md): Cessna 172H · Manteo, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 1995 · N3254C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper in-flight decision to touchdown at the mid-field point of the runway.
- [NTSB ATL95LA155](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL95LA155.md): Schweizer 233A · Louisburg, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 1995 · N7592 · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's improper in-flight planning and decision, in that he failed to maintain sufficient altitude to clear the trees surrounding the airport, and failed to take into consideration the high density altitude at the time of the accident.
- [NTSB ATL95LA154](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL95LA154.md): Piper PA-46 · Dayton, TN · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 1995 · N623DS · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the aircraft during landing.
- [NTSB SEA95LA178](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95LA178.md): Cessna 210E · Bullfrog, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1995 · N2377F · Substantial damage
  > The right brake locking for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB MIA95TA199](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA95TA199.md): Cessna 404 · Raiford, FL · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Aug 10, 1995 · N461MC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing.
- [NTSB FTW95LA344](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA344.md): Champion 7ECA · Monroe, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1995 · N5147T · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare and the inadequate supervision by the flight instructor.
- [NTSB ANC95LA136](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95LA136.md): Piper PA-18 · Aniak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1995 · N9692P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing and overload failure of the main landing gear.
- [NTSB NYC95LA185](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA185.md): Piper PA-28-181 · West Kingston, RI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 9, 1995 · N8121K · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to obtain the proper touchdown point which resulted in insufficient runway stopping distance and a subsequent overrun of the runway, and collision with trees.
- [NTSB MIA95LA198](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA95LA198.md): Cessna 170B · Titusville, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 9, 1995 · N2715D · Substantial damage
  > Loss of directional control during the landing roll. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's limited experience in the make and model airplane.
- [NTSB LAX95LA284](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA284.md): Aviat A-1 · Elko, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 9, 1995 · N12TQ · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudged landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB NYC95LA186](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA186.md): Cessna 150E · West Addison, VT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 8, 1995 · N3992U · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area. A factor is a soft landing area.
- [NTSB CHI95LA262](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA262.md): Aerostar S-81-A · Custer, SD · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 8, 1995 · N9174Z · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate evaluation of the weather conditions.
- [NTSB LAX95LA281](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA281.md): Beech V35B · Minden, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 6, 1995 · N444DG · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of the wrong runway, improper decision to land with a quartering tail wind, and his improper compensation of the prevailing wind conditions. The gusting crosswind and tail wind were factors in this accident.
- [NTSB LAX95LA279](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA279.md): Mcnulty Kitfox IV 1200 · Weed, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 6, 1995 · N38HM · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's delayed application of sufficient power to arrest a high sink rate, which resulted in a hard landing. Factors in the accident were the pilot's lack of recent flight experience and the flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the flight.
- [NTSB FTW95LA333](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA333.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Englewood, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 6, 1995 · N7980W · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain directional control, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve. A factor related to the accident was: the crosswind condition.
- [NTSB FTW95LA329](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA329.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Englewood, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 5, 1995 · N15621 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper compensation for the 6 knot crosswind. Factors were the pilot's delay in initiating an aborted landing and his lack of total experience.
- [NTSB BFO95LA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO95LA076.md): Cessna 172D · Hague, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 5, 1995 · N2418Y · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain proper alignment with the runway during the landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the crosswind and the proximity of tall corn (crop) to the narrow runway.
- [NTSB SEA95FA170](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95FA170.md): Dornier DO 328-100 · Portland, OR · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 3, 1995 · N335PH · Substantial damage
  > insufficiently defined information from the manufacturer and operator concerning the landing/taxi procedures.
- [NTSB LAX95LA350](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA350.md): Boeing B75-A75N1 · Van Nuys, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 1, 1995 · N54284 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing rollout. Factors which contributed to the loss of control were: the pilot's total lack of experience landing the conventional gear airplane in a crosswind condition, and the crosswind.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=309

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=308

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