# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 309 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB FTW95LA325](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA325.md): Rolladen-Schneider LS-3-17 · Sandia Park, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 31, 1995 · N48EH · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper evaluation of the developing thunderstorm activity. Factors were the weather and the lack of suitable terrain for the precautionary landing.
- [NTSB LAX95GA273](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95GA273.md): Cessna 305A · Hemet, CA · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jul 29, 1995 · N65067 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's decision to execute a wheel landing under crosswind conditions and his failure to adequately compensate for the winds, which led to a loss of directional control and a ground loop.
- [NTSB LAX95FA272](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95FA272.md): Rockwell 112TC · Los Angeles, CA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1995 · N4569W · Destroyed
  > an undetermined aircraft system malfunction, and the pilot's delayed remedial action in response to insufficient braking action and/or inability to control engine power.
- [NTSB FTW95LA324](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA324.md): Cessna 152 · Raton, NM · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1995 · N49209 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadvertent activation of the flaps. Factors in the accident were the weather conditions and the dark night.
- [NTSB FTW95LA323](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA323.md): Head Balloons AX8-88 · Mesquite, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1995 · N4516R · Minor damage
  > The pilot's inadequate weather evaluation and the crewmember's failure to hold onto the basket. A factor was the high wind.
- [NTSB FTW95LA320](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA320.md): Piper PA-60-601A · Fulshear, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1995 · N135TS · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain a proper climb rate after take off. Factors were the pilot's diverted attention toward the malfunctioning landing gear, his intentional shutdown of operational engines, and the lack of suitable terrain for landing.
- [NTSB CHI95LA251](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA251.md): Aviat Pitts S2B · Junction City, KS · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1995 · N1585P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to abort the landing despite excessive speed and insufficient runway length remaining. Contributing factors were the pilot's lack of experience in the make and model aircraft, and the crosswind.
- [NTSB SEA95LA188](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95LA188.md): Grumman G-164B · Ephrata, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 28, 1995 · N6774Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions. Factors contributing to the accident were crosswinds and gusts.
- [NTSB LAX95LA274](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA274.md): North American AT-6F · Long Beach, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 28, 1995 · N3173L · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the left main landing gear locking mechanism to fully seat in the 'down' position due to loose attachment bolts.
- [NTSB CHI95TA243](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95TA243.md): Schweizer 300C · Kansas City, MO · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Jul 28, 1995 · N643KC · Substantial damage
  > ground resonance as a result of improper servicing of the main landing gear dampers.
- [NTSB LAX95LA270](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA270.md): Beech 77 · Madera, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 27, 1995 · N38062 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper compensation for the wind condition and improper use of the rudder. The whirlwind was a factor in this accident.
- [NTSB CHI95LA240](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA240.md): Cessna 550 · Minneapolis, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 26, 1995 · N72WC · Substantial damage
  > failure of the landing gear braking system for undetermined reason(s) and the pilot's failure to perform the emergency procedure of operating the emergency brake system. Rough/uneven terrain was a related factor.
- [NTSB CHI95LA238](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA238.md): Grumman AA-1B · Oshkosh, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 25, 1995 · N8976L · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain clearance.
- [NTSB NYC95LA172](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA172.md): Cessna 172P · Teterboro, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1995 · N51081 · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper flare which resulted in the airplane porpoising and the subsequent buckling of the firewall.
- [NTSB LAX95LA267](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA267.md): Cessna 172P · Reno, NV · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1995 · N65923 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's loss of directional control during a crosswind landing using full flaps and the lack of familiarity with the crosswind landing component chart for the aircraft.
- [NTSB FTW95LA316](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA316.md): Gulfstream GV-1 · Englewood, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1995 · N480UP · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the left main landing gear strut attachment for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB LAX95LA266](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA266.md): Cessna 172N · Carlsbad, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1995 · N7141J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's poorly planned approach, misjudged distance/altitude, and failure to make a go-around. The pilot inadvertently becoming lost and disoriented was a factor in this accident.
- [NTSB FTW95LA311](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA311.md): Bellanca 17-31ATC · Hico, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1995 · N500BT · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point and the delayed go-around.
- [NTSB NYC95LA168](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA168.md): Piper PA-28-235 · Poestenkill, NY · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 22, 1995 · N9390W · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's decision to continue an approach during which the airplane was high and fast, and his improper recovery from a bounced landing. The pilot's failure to use the seat belt was a factor.
- [NTSB MIA95TA188](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA95TA188.md): McDonnell Douglas H369 · Panama City, FL · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jul 21, 1995 · N129BC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's improper aft application of cyclic control during a simulated touchdown autorotation on landing flare touchdown, resulting in the main rotor blades colliding with the tail boom assembly. Contributing to the accident was the improper…
- [NTSB LAX95LA260](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA260.md): Stinson L-5E · Elko, NV · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 21, 1995 · N31853 · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the student pilot to maintain directional control and the inadequate supervision by the instructor pilot in taking timely corrective action.
- [NTSB FTW95LA314](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA314.md): Cessna TR182 · Center, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 21, 1995 · N5153R · Substantial damage
  > Improper recovery from a bounced landing by the pilot-in-command. A factor was a premature landing flare.
- [NTSB CHI95LA237](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA237.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Versailles, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 21, 1995 · N14064 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in his failure to maintain directional control of the airplane.
- [NTSB SEA95LA156](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95LA156.md): Fairchild 24G · Nyssa, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 20, 1995 · N16899 · Substantial damage
  > Lock-up of the mechanical cable-actuated right wheel brake system, rendering directional control of the aircraft impossible. Contributing to the accident was a crosswind from the left during the landing.
- [NTSB NYC95LA165](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA165.md): Cessna 310Q · Buffalo, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 19, 1995 · N310JM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged the flare, resulting in a hard landing and subsequent collapse of the right main landing gear. Pilot fatigue was a related factor.
- [NTSB SEA95LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95LA153.md): Piper PA-20 · Ogden, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 18, 1995 · N6953K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain directional control. Hte loose tailwheel assembly bolt was a factor.
- [NTSB LAX95LA256](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA256.md): Cessna 172N · Napa, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 18, 1995 · N4915D · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft after one foot slipped off the rudder pedals, and his inadvertent application of asymmetrical brake forces.
- [NTSB CHI95LA254](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA254.md): Beech 55 · Delavan, WI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 18, 1995 · N3070W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged the flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. Lack of experience in the make and model aircraft was a factor.
- [NTSB ANC95LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95LA106.md): Piper PA-12 · Anchorage, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 17, 1995 · N2941M · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain directional control, which resulted in an inadvertent ground loop/swerve.
- [NTSB CHI95DEX01](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95DEX01.md): Craig Long E-Z · Shelbyville, IN · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Jul 16, 1995 · N112DC · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing which resulted in the nose wheel striking the runway first. A factor associated with the accident was excessive airspeed during the landing.
- [NTSB SEA95LA149](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95LA149.md): Edwin J. Estenson RV-4 · Elk River, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 15, 1995 · N90EE · Substantial damage
  > The pilot failed to maintain directional control. The tall vegetation was a factor.
- [NTSB FTW95LA305](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA305.md): Schweizer SGS 126B · Durango, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 15, 1995 · N8611R · Substantial damage
  > Inaccurate weather evaluation by the pilot-in-command. A factor was the lack of suitable terrain for a forced landing.
- [NTSB CHI95LA220](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA220.md): Cessna 172 · Cedar Rapids, IA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 14, 1995 · N6368E · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's lack of experience in flying from the right seat. A factor was the steep final approach.
- [NTSB NYC95LA158](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA158.md): Cessna 152 · Beaver Falls, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 13, 1995 · N46911 · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the student pilot to maintain directional control after touchdown.
- [NTSB LAX95LA250](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA250.md): Cessna 170 · Columbia, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 13, 1995 · N3981V · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of the wrong runway for the existing wind conditions; his inadequate compensation for the resulting crosswind situation; and his failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft.
- [NTSB FTW95LA296](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA296.md): Cessna 210D · Bentonville, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 13, 1995 · N375HW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point. Factors were the mown grass and the high density altitude.
- [NTSB ANC95LA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95LA100.md): Cessna 180K · King Salmon, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 13, 1995 · N63336 · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to adequately compensate for wind conditions, which resulted in a failure to maintain directional control. The downdraft and crosswind were related factors.
- [NTSB NYC95LA155](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA155.md): Beech 77 · Celina, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 12, 1995 · N67212 · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain control of the airplane during the landing.
- [NTSB LAX95LA252](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA252.md): Pitts S-1S · Livermore, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 12, 1995 · N715L · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain runway alignment and subsequent collision with some bales of hay.
- [NTSB ATL95LA133](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL95LA133.md): Cessna 172 · Bayboro, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 12, 1995 · N13547 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate procedure in that he elected to land the aircraft on unsuitable terrain with no mechanical malfunctions.
- [NTSB ANC95TA102](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95TA102.md): Cessna 185C · Bettles, AK · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jul 12, 1995 · N725 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to properly judge the height of the airplane above the water during landing. Contributing to the accident were the glassy water conditions and an excessive descent rate at touchdown.
- [NTSB SEA95LA147](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95LA147.md): Cessna A188B · Esterbrook, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 11, 1995 · N70062 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point and airspeed for landing. Contributing to the accident were high density altitude, the short landing area, and the pilot's failure to initiate a go-around in time to allow recovery from the situation.
- [NTSB NYC95LA154](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA154.md): Mooney M20J · Belmar, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 11, 1995 · N43JA · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's (1) misjudged flare (2) inadequate recovery from a bounced landing (3) failure to maintain directional control and the certified flight instructor's inadequate supervision.
- [NTSB FTW95LA289](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA289.md): Cessna 182 · Port Sulphur, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 11, 1995 · N2878R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgement of his short field landing resulting in an intentional ground loop to avoid an overrun. Factors were the reduced braking effectiveness on the wet grass runway.
- [NTSB NYC95LA156](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA156.md): Schweizer S-2-33A · Elmira, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 9, 1995 · N3622X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's delayed decision to return to the departure airport, which resulted in insufficient gliding altitude, and the subsequent off airport landing in the trees.
- [NTSB NYC95LA150](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA150.md): Cessna 172N · Stormville, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 9, 1995 · N734CG · Substantial damage
  > The reported pothole in the runway.
- [NTSB NYC95LA149](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA149.md): Mooney 20E · Burlington, CT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 9, 1995 · N9296V · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to extend the landing gear resulting in a wheels up landing. A factor relating to the accident was the inoperative gear warning horn.
- [NTSB LAX95LA247](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA247.md): Luscombe 8E · Columbia, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 9, 1995 · N1050K · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the gusty crosswind condition and failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB NYC95LA148](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA148.md): Piper PA-12 · Meriden, CT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 8, 1995 · N7608H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to adequately compensate for wind conditions. Contributing factors were wind gusts, crosswinds, and the pilot's lack of experience in type.
- [NTSB FTW95LA280](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA280.md): Balloon Works Firefly 7 · Littleton, CO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 8, 1995 · N2232H · No damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain control of the Balloon during landing.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=310

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=309

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