# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 316 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB MIA95LA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA95LA011.md): Schweizer SGS 1-34 · Mulberry, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 22, 1994 · N7679 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot-in-command to perform an adequate preflight inspection resulting in a leaking brake going undetected. This resulted in the failure of the brake due to loss of hydraulic fluid and collision with a sign and a ditch when the aircraft…
- [NTSB CHI95LA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA020.md): Cessna 182P · Bremen, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 22, 1994 · N9878E · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to perform a go-around prior to touchdown. Factors to the accident were the tailwind, excessive airspeed, the rough terrain and the powerlines.
- [NTSB MIA95LA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA95LA007.md): Cessna 150L · Ormond Beach, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 21, 1994 · N18539 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing, resulting in an on-ground loss of control, and collision with terrain.
- [NTSB FTW95LA031](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA031.md): Herron Little Wing Autogyro · Little Rock, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 21, 1994 · N45LW · Substantial damage
  > The fractured tail wheel mounting bracket and loose tailwheel. A factor was the pilot's continued flight testing after experiencing tail wheel shimmy on the prior test flight.
- [NTSB CHI95LA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA017.md): Cessna 210L · Higginsville, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 21, 1994 · N616WB · Substantial damage
  > A coyote (animal) that ran onto the runway as the airplane was landing.
- [NTSB LAX95LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA018.md): Piper PA-28-181 · Rialto, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 20, 1994 · N8760F · Substantial damage
  > the flight instructor's loss of airplane control during the landing flare as a result of his inadequate supervision of the flight and delayed corrective action over his presolo student's control inputs.
- [NTSB LAX95LA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA012.md): Pitts S-2B · Chandler, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 19, 1994 · N15KR · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain proper alignment with the runway during landing rollout. A contributing factor was sun glare.
- [NTSB ANC95LA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95LA007.md): Stinson 108-2 · Palmer, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 19, 1994 · N97821 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing. Snow covered terrain in the landing area was a factor in the accident.
- [NTSB NYC95LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA014.md): Grumman G-44 · Haymarket, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 18, 1994 · N54VT · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to extend the landing gear which resulted in a gear up landing. A factor was the pilot's diverted attention.
- [NTSB LAX95IA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95IA011.md): Cessna 402 · Grand Canyon, AZ · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Oct 18, 1994 · N402SW · Minor damage
  > the fracture and failure of the left main landing gear bellcrank which jammed the landing gear in the retracted position.
- [NTSB CHI95LA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA015.md): Questair Venture · Wheeling, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 18, 1994 · N62V · Substantial damage
  > The inadvertent deployment of the nosewheel steering. A factor in this accident was the inadequate design of the rudder pedal pivot point height above the cockpit floor by the design personnel.
- [NTSB LAX95LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA010.md): Beech C-23 · Kahului, HI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 16, 1994 · N60054 · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing, improper in-flight decision, and his failure to attain the proper climb airspeed during the initial takeoff resulting in an inadvertent stall. The student pilot's lack of total experience,…
- [NTSB NYC95LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA010.md): Boeing Stearman PT-17 · Fitchburg, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 15, 1994 · N4923N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to adequately compensate for the crosswind condition during landing, which resulted in a ground loop and the subsequent wing tip collision with the runway.
- [NTSB LAX95LA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA009.md): Cessna 177RG · Laytonville, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 15, 1994 · N7577V · Substantial damage
  > were the pilot's failure to maintain the proper airspeed and attain the proper touchdown point.
- [NTSB FTW95LA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA017.md): Cessna 172M · Farmington, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 13, 1994 · N20384 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions. Factors were wind shear, crosswinds, and gusts.
- [NTSB LAX95LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA014.md): Piper PA-34-220T · Palo Alto, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 12, 1994 · N8154C · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper bounced landing recovery technique.
- [NTSB MIA95LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA95LA005.md): Cessna 172F · Indiantown, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 11, 1994 · N5415R · Substantial damage
  > The improper landing flare by the pilot resulting in the hard landing.
- [NTSB CHI95LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA027.md): Piper PA-22-108 · Mt. Vernon, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 11, 1994 · N5433Z · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate visual lookout. A factor associated with the accident is the fence post.
- [NTSB CHI95LA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA009.md): Cessna 152 · Bloomington, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 10, 1994 · N69187 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control while landing. Factors associated with the accident were the improper landing flare and the pilot's lack of total experience.
- [NTSB NYC95LA003](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA003.md): Cessna 172N · Center Harbor, NH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 9, 1994 · N733MV · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for a crosswind condition.
- [NTSB LAX95LA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA002.md): Cessna 172M · Coalinga, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 8, 1994 · N5061R · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain a proper glide path.
- [NTSB SEA95LA003](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95LA003.md): Cessna 210 · Bend, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 7, 1994 · N75DA · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the landing gear downlock mechanism to engage due to undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB NYC95LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA005.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Grt Barrington, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 7, 1994 · N44794 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare during landing, which resulted in a hard landing and the subsequent collapsed landing gear. A factor in this accident was the pilot's lack of total recent flying experience and recent experience in make and model.
- [NTSB MIA95LA003](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA95LA003.md): Pitts S1C · Plant City, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 5, 1994 · N2997G · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot in command to maintain directional control during landing resulting in the aircraft running off the side of the runway and nosing over in soft terrain.
- [NTSB FTW95LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA010.md): Winn RV-6A · Marble Falls, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 5, 1994 · N600CW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper compensation for the wind conditions. A factor was the unfavorable winds.
- [NTSB SEA95LA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95LA002.md): Cessna 150 · Florence, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 4, 1994 · N3164X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to properly recover from a bounced landing, and his failure to compensate for wind conditions and maintain directional control during the landing rollout. Contributing to the accident were gusty crosswinds.
- [NTSB MIA95LA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA95LA002.md): Cessna 421B · Stuart, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 3, 1994 · N701AM · Substantial damage
  > The improper rigging of the landing gear safety squat switch by other maintenance personnel. Contributing to the accident was the contamination of the gear squat switch with corrosion and water.
- [NTSB MIA95LA001](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA95LA001.md): Cessna 152 · Greenwood, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 3, 1994 · N65454 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper planning/decision concerning the selection/approach/execution of the emergency landing. Factors related to the accident were: the pilot's lack of experience, his becoming lost/disoriented, the light conditions at dusk, and the…
- [NTSB FTW95LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA005.md): Cessna 150L · Booker, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 2, 1994 · N16191 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain a proper glidepath resulting in a collision with an object. Factors were the dark night and the pilot's disregard for the lack of lights.
- [NTSB SEA95LA001](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95LA001.md): Maule M-5-235C · Billings, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 1, 1994 · N664G · Substantial damage
  > Inadequate compensation for wind conditions. Factors to the accident were: crosswind and inadequate remedial action.
- [NTSB ATL95LA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL95LA002.md): Cessna 188 · Covington, TN · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 1, 1994 · N731PS · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing.
- [NTSB ATL95LA001](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL95LA001.md): Beech V35B · Siler City, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 1, 1994 · N2890W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing roll.
- [NTSB FTW94LA320](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA320.md): Piper PA-39 · Andrews, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 30, 1994 · N8901Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to initiate a go-around after encountering a tailwind. A factor was the tailwind.
- [NTSB FTW94LA319](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA319.md): Lockheed PV-2 · Lafayette, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 30, 1994 · N6857C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadvertent gear retraction.
- [NTSB FTW94LA322](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA322.md): Bellanca 7KCAB · Frederick, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 28, 1994 · N53844 · Substantial damage
  > A fatigue failure of the left main landing gear axle.
- [NTSB FTW94LA314](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA314.md): Cessna 182N · Cortez, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 28, 1994 · N9ZG · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB MIA94IA217](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94IA217.md): Cessna 402C · Ft. Lauderdale, FL · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Sep 26, 1994 · N63PB · Minor damage
  > The first officer's failure to maintain directional control on landing roll out due to improper use of brakes, resulting in the airplane veering off the runway, and subsequent on-ground collision with a runway light and sign. Contributing to the incident was…
- [NTSB FTW94LA312](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA312.md): Piper PA-18-160 · Galena, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 25, 1994 · N7513K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's excessive use of brakes during landing. A factor was the unfavorable winds at the remote landing area.
- [NTSB CHI94LA347](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA347.md): Maule MX-7-235 · Washburn, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 25, 1994 · N6119Q · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain sufficient airspeed during the landing flare. Factors associated with the accident were the poorly planned approach and the soft terrain.
- [NTSB LAX94LA385](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA385.md): Cessna 152 · Fallbrook, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 24, 1994 · N89546 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's inadequate recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB FTW94LA313](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA313.md): Luscombe 8A · Byers, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 24, 1994 · N71245 · Substantial damage
  > Failure by the pilot to maintain a proper descent rate during approach to landing. A factor was lack of experience in make, model, and type of aircraft.
- [NTSB FTW94LA308](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA308.md): Cessna 182F · Monte Vista, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 23, 1994 · N3540U · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional. Factors were the cross wind conditions, and the pilot's poor evaluation of the weather.
- [NTSB NYC94LA182](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA182.md): Piper PA-28-181 · Buffalo, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 22, 1994 · N3024M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor is the pilot's improper landing flare.
- [NTSB ATL94LA176](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94LA176.md): Mooney M20J · Chamblee, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 22, 1994 · N97136 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare that resulted a in hard landing, followed by his improper recovery from a bounced landing, and his failure to maintain directional control during the attempted go- around.
- [NTSB LAX94LA384](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA384.md): Cessna 152 · Petaluma, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 21, 1994 · N6208B · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to initiate a go-around after failing to obtain the proper airspeed and rate of descent during the approach.
- [NTSB LAX94LA370](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA370.md): James B. Edwards Cozy · Skull Valley, AZ · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 21, 1994 · N151JE · Destroyed
  > The pilot's poorly planned approach by failing to maintain the proper airspeed and alignment. The pilot's total expereince, and lack of experience in the airplane make and model were factors in this accident.
- [NTSB CHI94LA342](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA342.md): Cessna 152 · Plainwell, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 21, 1994 · N67324 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll. A factor in the accident was the pilot's lack of total experience.
- [NTSB ATL94LA174](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94LA174.md): Cessna 152 · Linden, TN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 21, 1994 · N5525P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of the rudder which resulted in a loss of directional control.
- [NTSB NYC94LA181](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA181.md): Cessna 172P · Sterling, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 20, 1994 · N55164 · Destroyed
  > The pilot misjudged landing distance, which resulted in an overrun of the runway. A factor is the pilot's failure to do a go-around.
- [NTSB CHI94LA337](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA337.md): Piper PA-20 · Greenville, MI · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 20, 1994 · N7061K · Substantial damage
  > Incapacitation of the pilot due to a seizure and/or loss of consciousness. A factor related to the accident was: the pilot's failure to properly report his medical information on his FAA medical application.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=317

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=316

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