# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 318 of 1,075 · 53,704 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB BFO94LA157](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA157.md): Beech A-23 · Felton, DE · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 28, 1994 · N1462L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing and failure to maintain directional control. A factor is the pilot's failure to do a go around.
- [NTSB SEA94LA224](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA224.md): Cessna 206 · Bliss, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1994 · N859A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control. Factors include sunglare from the setting sun, and the soft terrain along the side the runway.
- [NTSB BFO94LA156](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA156.md): Cessna 195B · Ossipee, NH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1994 · N9885A · Substantial damage
  > Separation of the left main landing gear due to fatigue failure.
- [NTSB BFO94LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA153.md): Piper PA-30 · Wolfeboro, NH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1994 · N8541Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing which resulted in inflight collission with trees.
- [NTSB ATL94LA167](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94LA167.md): Cessna 152 · W. Columbia, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1994 · N94194 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to properly flare the aircraft, resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB MIA94LA201](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA201.md): Mankovich Parakeet · Fernandina Bch, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 26, 1994 · N163MS · Substantial damage
  > The improper flare by the pilot-in-command resulting in the hard landing, and the pilot's failure to perform a recovery from the bounced landing. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's lack of total time in this type airplane.
- [NTSB BFO94LA150](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA150.md): Beech 36 · Georgetown, DE · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 26, 1994 · N15512 · Substantial damage
  > The issuance of a NOTAM with inadequate information. Factors related to the accident were: the pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point, and the lack of visual cues concerning the construction barrier.
- [NTSB LAX94LA339](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA339.md): Cessna 172 · Lakeport, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1994 · N9447E · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the existing cross wind conditions, and failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during landing rollout.
- [NTSB BFO94LA148](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA148.md): Piper PA -28-181 · Skowhegan, ME · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1994 · N11HK · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to do a go around which resulted in an inflight collision with trees during a delayed aborted landing to avoid a runway overrun.
- [NTSB SEA94LA220](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA220.md): Beech 23 · Everett, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1994 · N2371Z · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control, and his inadequate remedial action. Factors include a fence in the vicinity of the runway.
- [NTSB SEA94LA219](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA219.md): Cessna 150E · Mcminnville, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1994 · N4016U · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control, and his inadequate remedial action. Factors include soft terrain in the vicinity of the runway.
- [NTSB CHI94LA296](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA296.md): Cessna 172 · Anoka, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1994 · N75534 · Substantial damage
  > the pilots decision to attempt a landing ahead of the approaching thunderstorm, and his failure to maintain directional control. A factor was the gusting crosswind ahead of the storm.
- [NTSB LAX94LA337](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA337.md): Balloon Works Firefly 8-24 · Sedona, AZ · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1994 · N90299 · No damage
  > a tip over of the balloon and basket during a high wind landing due to the pilot's inability to compensate for the increased wind speed conditions during the final stages of the flight and landing.
- [NTSB BFO94LA143](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA143.md): Cessna 172M · Vestal, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1994 · N61774 · Substantial damage
  > Loss of engine power during an aborted landing due to the throttle cable separating from the carburetor.
- [NTSB LAX94LA334](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA334.md): Cessna 172 · Mesa, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 22, 1994 · N172ST · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control by his improper use of the flight controls. Factors related to this accident were the pilot's lack of total experience and the crosswind.
- [NTSB BFO94LA142](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA142.md): Piper J3C-65 · Leesburg, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 21, 1994 · N92483 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged his altitude and airspeed during landing resulting in an overrun and collision with a fence. A related factor was the wet runway.
- [NTSB LAX94LA330](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA330.md): Beech 95-B55 · Page, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 20, 1994 · N88FC · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to follow procedures to assure that the landing gear was extended. His diverted attention due to the previous two go-arounds is a factor in this accident.
- [NTSB LAX94LA329](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA329.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Oakdale, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 20, 1994 · N2436N · Substantial damage
  > 1) The flight instructor's failure to attain a proper touchdown point on the runway, 2) his failure to initiate a timely go around, and 3) his inadequate supervision of the flight.
- [NTSB ANC94LA123](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC94LA123.md): Helio H295 · Artic Village, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 20, 1994 · N6DB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot selected unsuitable terrain for landing. A factor was the hidden obstruction (hole).
- [NTSB ANC94LA122](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC94LA122.md): Piper PA-12 · Chickaloon, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 20, 1994 · N2389M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate in-flight planning and a failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. Factors were the rising, rough/uneven terrain and the tailwind.
- [NTSB ANC94LA112](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC94LA112.md): Piper PA-18 · Koliganek, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 20, 1994 · N94FB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate in-flight planning and failure to attain a touchdown point in the landing area. An obstacle (tree) in the landing area was a factor in the accident.
- [NTSB MIA94LA198](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA198.md): Cessna 152 · Arcadia, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1994 · N757WM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions. The gusty, crosswind was a factor.
- [NTSB LAX94LA328](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA328.md): Cessna 180 · Sedona, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1994 · N9944N · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadvertant application of wheel brakes during a critical phase of landing rollout.
- [NTSB CHI94MA290](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94MA290.md): McDonnell Douglas MD-11F · Chicago, IL · Accident · No injuries · Major investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1994 · IDUPO · Substantial damage
  > The first officer's improper flare and improper use of flight controls during the landing flare/touchdown.
- [NTSB ANC94LA139](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC94LA139.md): Cessna 182B · Ketchikan, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1994 · N2791G · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane during a hard landing. The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing and a downdraft were factors in the accident.
- [NTSB SEA94LA215](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA215.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Hailey, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 18, 1994 · N7789P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions. A factor to the accident was a tailwind.
- [NTSB CHI94LA287](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA287.md): Hughes 369HS · Custer, SD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 18, 1994 · N74AW · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain on which to perform an autorotation. A factor in this accident was the hidden obstruction.
- [NTSB BFO94LA139](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA139.md): Cessna 182L · Hopkinsville, KY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 18, 1994 · N3376R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain proper alignment and adequate obstacle clearance.
- [NTSB SEA94LA216](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA216.md): Cessna 170B · Redmond, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 17, 1994 · N8339A · Substantial damage
  > Proper touchdown point was not attained. A factor to the accident was inadequate remedial action.
- [NTSB LAX94LA322](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA322.md): Bell 47-G3B · Truk Island, Micronesia · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 16, 1994 · N65678 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged the clearance between the helicopter's rotor blades and the coconut trees.
- [NTSB SEA94LA213](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA213.md): Piper PA-24-180 · Nehalem, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1994 · N5063P · Substantial damage
  > The separation of the landing gear transmission assembly from its attach bracket rivets due to undetermined reasons. It was not possible for the landing gear to be locked down during the landing roll due to this separation.
- [NTSB SEA94LA211](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA211.md): Cessna 140 · Dayton, WY · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1994 · N3736V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB LAX94LA321](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA321.md): Cessna 172P · Scottsdale, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1994 · N98909 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudging the flare altitude and failing to maintain adequate airspeed resulting in an inadvertent stall and hard landing. The pilot's lack of total time in the airplane is a factor in this accident.
- [NTSB CHI94LA285](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA285.md): Luscombe 8E · Hettinger, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1994 · N2501K · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper use of the wheel brakes.
- [NTSB CHI94LA281](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA281.md): Beech B-35 · Boyceville, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1994 · N5095C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's inadequate compensation for the existing wind conditions during the landing flare/touchdown. A factor was the gusty wind conditions.
- [NTSB CHI94LA280](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA280.md): Schleicher ASW-20 · Ionia, MI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1994 · N6514M · Substantial damage
  > no thermal lift available, and the lack of suitable terrain for landing. A factor related to the accident was the high wind condition.
- [NTSB CHI94LA279](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA279.md): Hughes TH-55A · Houghton, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1994 · N20SD · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain control of the aircraft.
- [NTSB CHI94LA293](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA293.md): Snow 600B · Grundy Center, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 13, 1994 · N39762 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for takeoff and his delay in aborting the takeoff. Factors in the accident were condition of the runway, the road, and the ditch.
- [NTSB ANC94LA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC94LA107.md): Helio H-700 · Tok, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 13, 1994 · N4059H · Substantial damage
  > The partial failure of the airplane's normal brake system.
- [NTSB LAX94LA319](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA319.md): Perth Amboy Bird BK · El Cajon, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 1994 · NC731Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind conditions and his failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft. The unfavorable wind was a factor.
- [NTSB CHI94LA278](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA278.md): Cessna 120 · Manitowoc, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 1994 · N1987V · Substantial damage
  > the private pilot's improper use of brakes during the landing roll. A related factor is his lack of total experience.
- [NTSB LAX94LA314](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA314.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Fresno, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 11, 1994 · N4374X · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft resulting in a ground loop/swerve and a subsequent overload failure of the right main landing gear.
- [NTSB BFO94LA132](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA132.md): Piper PA-28-181 · Waynesboro, VA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 11, 1994 · N8505E · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgement of speed and distance which resulted in a landing overrun. A contributing factor is the pilot's delay in intiating a go-around.
- [NTSB LAX94LA311](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA311.md): Aerospatiale SA316B · Stateline, NV · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1994 · N981CF · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to maintain the proper rate of descent during the vertical descent into the landing zone, which resulted in a hard landing. Factors in the accident were high density altitude and dark night light conditions.
- [NTSB BFO94LA131](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA131.md): Piper PA-28-236 · Wolfeboro, NH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1994 · N3372M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate inflight decision, which resulted in a downwnind landing and overrun of the runway.
- [NTSB ATL94LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94LA153.md): Naval Aircraft Factory N3N-3 · Beaufort, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1994 · N44970 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of the rudder during landing.
- [NTSB ATL94LA152](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94LA152.md): Grumman G-164A · Vanceboro, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1994 · N8896H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of wheel brakes.
- [NTSB ANC94LA102](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC94LA102.md): Cessna 206 · Bethel, AK · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 9, 1994 · N756NG · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged the strength of the tailwind and did not perform a go-around in a timely fashion so as to avoid landing the airplane halfway down the strip. Factors in the accident were the wet landing strip and the tailwind.
- [NTSB NYC94LA159](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA159.md): Cessna 172P · Pottsville, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 8, 1994 · N52211 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain adequate airpseed, which resulted in a stall/mush and collision with a tree.
- [NTSB LAX94LA310](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA310.md): Cessna 172M · Carson City, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 8, 1994 · N4390R · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's decision to attempt a landing in crosswind conditions which exceeded the capability of the aircraft.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=319

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=318

---
OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain, except the copies of manufacturers’ service documents, which belong to their rights holders.